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Cooperation Without Trust?
Par Margaret Levi, Russell Hardin, Karen S. Cook. 2005
Some social theorists claim that trust is necessary for the smooth functioning of a democratic society. Yet many recent surveys…
suggest that trust is on the wane in the United States. Does this foreshadow trouble for the nation? In Cooperation Without Trust? Karen Cook, Russell Hardin, and Margaret Levi argue that a society can function well in the absence of trust. Though trust is a useful element in many kinds of relationships, they contend that mutually beneficial cooperative relationships can take place without it. Cooperation Without Trust? employs a wide range of examples illustrating how parties use mechanisms other than trust to secure cooperation. Concerns about one’s reputation, for example, could keep a person in a small community from breaching agreements. State enforcement of contracts ensures that business partners need not trust one another in order to trade. Similarly, monitoring worker behavior permits an employer to vest great responsibility in an employee without necessarily trusting that person. Cook, Hardin, and Levi discuss other mechanisms for facilitating cooperation absent trust, such as the self-regulation of professional societies, management compensation schemes, and social capital networks. In fact, the authors argue that a lack of trust—or even outright distrust—may in many circumstances be more beneficial in creating cooperation. Lack of trust motivates people to reduce risks and establish institutions that promote cooperation. A stout distrust of government prompted America’s founding fathers to establish a system in which leaders are highly accountable to their constituents, and in which checks and balances keep the behavior of government officials in line with the public will. Such institutional mechanisms are generally more dependable in securing cooperation than simple faith in the trustworthiness of others. Cooperation Without Trust? suggests that trust may be a complement to governing institutions, not a substitute for them. Whether or not the decline in trust documented by social surveys actually indicates an erosion of trust in everyday situations, this book argues that society is not in peril. Even if we were a less trusting society, that would not mean we are a less functional one. A Volume in the Russell Sage Foundation Series on TrustQueer Argentina
Par Matthew J. Edwards. 2017
Through insightful, high-paced commentary this book directs attention south, towards Argentina. Current events, political debates, and the cultural production of…
artists, authors and public figures, including C#65533;sar Aira, Mar#65533;a Moreno, Naty Menstrual and Copi, among others, provide case studies where heterosexual social models are rejected and, in their place, queer frameworks become the preferred model for living differently. Queer Argentina traces the movements of today's marginalized communities as they pass through and choose to remain within the closet: a space that is emblematic of collective struggles in silence and community formation outside the (hetero)norm.Youth Civic Engagement in a Globalized World
Par Catherine Broom. 2017
In this book, the authors explore the apparent decline in youth civic engagement through research studies conducted in seven societies/nations…
with varied experiences with democracy. This work is framed within a youth civic engagement model. Each subsequent chapter presents the findings for each nation, along with contextual and historical discussions of citizenship education. This book explores the findings in Canada, England, Hong Kong, India, Italy, Japan, and Mexico.Italian Modernities
Par Bjørn Thomassen, Rosario Forlenza. 2016
Thisbook argues that Italy represents a privileged entry point into thecomparative analysis of ideologies and experiences of modernity. Thebook compares how thinkers and…
politicians belonging to differentideological clusters - Liberalism, Communism, Fascism, Chistian Democracy -came to formulate multiple and often antagonistic visions of Italy's road tothe modern. By revisiting Italianpolitical history from the late nineteenth century until the present with afocus on transition periods, Italian Modernities explores how competing historicalnarratives influencedshifting understandings of Italian nationhood, thus foregrounding the activerole of memory politics in the formulation of multiple modernities.Globalizing International Relations
Par Ingo Peters, Wiebke Wemheuer-Vogelaar. 2017
This volumes engages with the 'Global(izing)International Relations' debate, which is marked by the emerging tensionsbetween the steadily increasing diversity and…
persisting dividing lines intoday's International Relations (IR) scholarship. Its international cast ofscholars draw together a diverse set of theoretical and methodologicalapproaches, and a multitude of case studies focusing on IR scholarship inAfrican and Muslim thought, as well as in countries such as China, Iran,Australia, Russia and Southeast Asian and Latin American regions. The followingquestions underpin this study: how is IR practiced beyond the West, and whichtheoretical alternatives are there for Western IR concepts? Fundamentally, whatdivides today's IR scholarship in light of its geo-epistemological diversity?This volume identifies shortcomings in the existing debate and offers newpathways for future research.Liberal Peace and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding in Africa
Par Patrick Tom. 2017
The book makes theoretical and empirical contributions to recent debates on hybrid forms of peace and 'post-liberal' peace. In applying…
concepts of power, hybridity and resistance, and providing different kinds of hybridity and resistance to explore post-conflict peacebuilding in Sierra Leone, the author makes an original contribution to existing literature by providing various ways in which power can be exercised not just between locals and internationals, but also among locals themselves and the nature of peace that is produced. This volume provides various ways in which hybridity and resistance can be manifested. A more rigorous development of these concepts not only offers a better understanding of the nature of these concepts, but also helps us to distinguish forms of hybridity and resistance that are emancipatory or transformatory from those that result in people accommodating themselves to their situation. This book is an invaluable resource for scholars and students of peacebuilding, peace and conflict studies, International Relations and African Studies, and practitioners of peacebuilding and post-conflict reconstruction.Public–Private Partnerships
Par Nikolai Mouraviev, Nada K. Kakabadse. 2017
This innovative new book examines government approaches to Public-private partnership (PPP) formation. It explores the management experience and challenges that…
key stakeholders involved in PPP governance face in Russia and Kazakhstan. An increasingly common method of delivering public services, PPP deployment in these two countries is still in its infancy, beginning only in 2005. Public-Private Partnerships highlights how the governments of Russia and Kazakhstan understand the nature of partnerships, which contextual features drive PPP formation and why these two nations have selected concession as the principal PPP form. The contributors provide comprehensive coverage of the management issues that present challenges in PPP delivery, including partner interaction concerns, opportunistic behaviour and approaches to risk management. The authors also discuss the legal and regulatory impediments to PPP development and the PPP critical success factors.Law and Policy in Latin America
Par Pedro Fortes, Larissa Boratti, Andrés Palacios Lleras, Tom Gerald Daly. 2017
This book offers a comprehensive introduction to law and policy responses to contemporary problems in Latin America, such as human…
rights violations, regulatory dilemmas, economic inequality, and access to knowledge and medicine. It includes 19 chapters written by sociologists, lawyers, and political scientists on the transformations of courts, institutions and rights protection in Latin America, all of which stem from presentations at conferences in Oxford and UCL organised by the editors. The contributors present original analyses based on rigorous research, innovative case-studies, and interdisciplinary perspectives, all written in an accessible style. Topics include the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, institutional design, financial regulation, competition, discrimination, gender quotas, police violence, orphan works, healthcare, and environmental protection, among others. The book will be of interest to students and scholars interested in policymaking, public law, and development.Regime Dynamics in EU's Eastern Neighbourhood
Par Sergiu Buscaneanu. 2016
This book examines the effectiveness and consistency of EU democracy promotion in its Eastern neighbourhood between 1991 and 2014. It…
concludes that the EU's democratization role in this region was, not surprisingly, weak within this time period. However, this weak role only took shape under four domestic and transnational conditions: (a) a higher cost-benefit balance of rule transfer, (b) a lower structural difficulty a given country would need to overcome on its way towards a democratic regime, (c) increased levels of authority distribution across branches of power, and (d) a higher extent of democratic diffusion resulting from regional interactions. In those countries where these domestic and transnational conditions were present, as in Moldova, Ukraine, and Georgia, the EU's democratizing influence was in causal terms only the tip of the iceberg. Most variation in regime dynamics remains to be explained by domestic and transnational contexts.Britain's War on Poverty
Par Jane Waldfogel. 2010
SMEs in an Era of Globalization
Par Ilan Bijaoui. 2016
This book identifies the driving forces behind globalization and proposes innovative ways for small and medium-enterprises (SMEs) to confront them.…
More than ever, sustainable competitive advantage requires SMEs to continually adapt their strategy and confront new and current competition in the international market. SMEs working with multinational companies could also benefit from winning strategies based on a sensible analysis of rational and irrational phenomena at the micro- and macro-economic levels. This book uses different models developed and established through international business experiences to determine the relevant strategy in the global market. It illustrates each model through real, successful case studies of globalization of factor, efficiency, and innovation-driven SMEs. It will benefit scholars of entrepreneurship, international business, regional development as well as managers, governmental institutions, and regional development, and consultants to SMEs.Biological Consequences of Socioeconomic Inequalities, The
Par Barbara Wolfe, Teresa E. Seeman, William Evans. 2013
Social scientists have repeatedly uncovered a disturbing feature of economic inequality: people with larger incomes and better education tend to…
lead longer, healthier lives. This pattern holds across all ages and for virtually all measures of health, apparently indicating a biological dimension of inequality. But scholars have only begun to understand the complex mechanisms that drive this disparity. How exactly do financial well-being and human physiology interact? The Biological Consequences of Socioeconomic Inequalities incorporates insights from the social and biological sciences to quantify the biology of disadvantage and to assess how poverty gets under the skin to impact health. Drawing from unusually rich datasets of biomarkers, brain scans, and socioeconomic measures, Biological Consequences of Socioeconomic Inequalities illustrates exciting new paths to understanding social inequalities in health. Barbara Wolfe, William N. Evans and Nancy Adler begin the volume with a critical evaluation of the literature on income and health, providing a lucid review of the difficulties of establishing clear causal pathways between the two variables. In their chapter, Arun S. Karlamangla, Tara L. Gruenewald, and Teresa E. Seeman outline the potential of biomarkers—such as cholesterol, heart pressure, and C-reactive protein—to assess and indicate the factors underlying health. Edith Chen, Hannah M. C. Schreier, and Meanne Chan reveal the empirical power of biomarkers by examining asthma, a condition steeply correlated with socioeconomic status. Their analysis shows how stress at the individual, family, and neighborhood levels can increase the incidence of asthma. The volume then turns to cognitive neuroscience, using biomarkers in a new way to examine the impact of poverty on brain development. Jamie Hanson, Nicole Hair, Amitabh Chandra, Ed Moss, Jay Bhattacharya, Seth D. Pollack, and Barbara Wolfe use a longitudinal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) study of children between the ages of four and eighteen to study the link between poverty and limited cognition among children. Michelle C. Carlson, Christopher L. Seplaki, and Teresa E. Seeman also focus on brain development to examine the role of socioeconomic status in cognitive decline among older adults. Featuring insights from the biological and social sciences, Biological Consequences of Socioeconomic Inequalities will be an essential resource for scholars interested in socioeconomic disparities and the biological imprint that material deprivation leaves on the human body.The Politics of EU-China Economic Relations
Par John Farnell, Paul Irwin Crookes. 2017
This book examines the political factors in the economic relationship between the European Union and China that help to explain…
the apparent stalling of the EU-China strategic partnership in policy terms. Written by two specialists with long experience of EU-China relations, this new volume draws on the latest research on how each side has emerged from the economic crisis and argues that promising potential for EU-China cooperation is being repeatedly undermined by political obstacles on both sides. The work is designed to be an analysis useful for university faculty and students interested in China and the European Union as well as for the general reader, providing an empirically-led examination that is academically informed and yet also approachable. Dissecting key policy areas such as trade, research and innovation, investment, and monetary affairs, the conclusion offers a compelling prognosis of how the EU-China relationship might develop over the coming years.The Great Recession
Par David B. Grusky, Bruce Western, Christopher Wimer. 2012
Officially over in 2009, the Great Recession is now generally acknowledged to be the most devastating global economic crisis since…
the Great Depression. As a result of the crisis, the United States lost more than 7.5 million jobs, and the unemployment rate doubled—peaking at more than 10 percent. The collapse of the housing market and subsequent equity market fluctuations delivered a one-two punch that destroyed trillions of dollars in personal wealth and made many Americans far less financially secure. Still reeling from these early shocks, the U.S. economy will undoubtedly take years to recover. Less clear, however, are the social effects of such economic hardship on a U.S. population accustomed to long periods of prosperity. How are Americans responding to these hard times? The Great Recession is the first authoritative assessment of how the aftershocks of the recession are affecting individuals and families, jobs, earnings and poverty, political and social attitudes, lifestyle and consumption practices, and charitable giving. Focused on individual-level effects rather than institutional causes, The Great Recession turns to leading experts to examine whether the economic aftermath caused by the recession is transforming how Americans live their lives, what they believe in, and the institutions they rely on. Contributors Michael Hout, Asaf Levanon, and Erin Cumberworth show how job loss during the recession—the worst since the 1980s—hit less-educated workers, men, immigrants, and factory and construction workers the hardest. Millions of lost industrial jobs are likely never to be recovered and where new jobs are appearing, they tend to be either high-skill positions or low-wage employment—offering few opportunities for the middle-class. Edward Wolff, Lindsay Owens, and Esra Burak examine the effects of the recession on housing and wealth for the very poor and the very rich. They find that while the richest Americans experienced the greatest absolute wealth loss, their resources enabled them to weather the crisis better than the young families, African Americans, and the middle class, who experienced the most disproportionate loss—including mortgage delinquencies, home foreclosures, and personal bankruptcies. Lane Kenworthy and Lindsay Owens ask whether this recession is producing enduring shifts in public opinion akin to those that followed the Great Depression. Surprisingly, they find no evidence of recession-induced attitude changes toward corporations, the government, perceptions of social justice, or policies aimed at aiding the poor. Similarly, Philip Morgan, Erin Cumberworth, and Christopher Wimer find no major recession effects on marriage, divorce, or cohabitation rates. They do find a decline in fertility rates, as well as increasing numbers of adult children returning home to the family nest—evidence that suggests deep pessimism about recovery. This protracted slump—marked by steep unemployment, profound destruction of wealth, and sluggish consumer activity—will likely continue for years to come, and more pronounced effects may surface down the road. The contributors note that, to date, this crisis has not yet generated broad shifts in lifestyle and attitudes. But by clarifying how the recession’s early impacts have—and have not—influenced our current economic and social landscape, The Great Recession establishes an important benchmark against which to measure future change.Digital Citizenship and Political Engagement
Par Ariadne Vromen. 2017
This book considers the radical effects the emergence of social media and digital politics have had on the way that…
advocacy organisations mobilise and organise citizens into political participation. It argues that these changes are due not only to technological advancement but are also underpinned by hybrid media systems, new political narratives, and a new networked generation of political actors. The author empirically analyses the emergence and consolidation within advanced democracies of online campaigning organisations, such as MoveOn, 38 Degrees, Getup and AVAAZ. Vromen shows that they have become leading political advocates, and influential on both national and international level governance. The book critically engages with this digital disruption of traditional patterns of political mobilisation and organisation, and highlights the challenges in embracing new ideas such as entrepreneurialism and issue-driven politics. It will be of interest to advanced students and scholars in political participation and citizen politics, interest groups, civil society organisations, e-government and politics and social media.The Politics of Policing in Greater China
Par Sonny Shiu-Hing Lo. 2017
This book examines the politics of policing in Greater China, including mainland China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macao. As the…
author shows, police ideological indoctrination is strongest in mainland China, followed by Hong Kong, and Taiwan, where the police is under increasing political stress, in the aftermath of rising public protests and socio-political movements. Macao's police, on the other hand, is far less politicized and indoctrinated than their mainland Chinese counterpart. This book demonstrates that policing in China is a distinctive and extensive topic, as it involves not only crime control, but also crisis management and protest control, governance and corruption (or anti-corruption), the management of customs and immigration, the control over legal and illegal migrants, the transfer of criminals and extradition, and intergovernmental police cooperation and coordination. As economic integration is increasing rapidly in Greater China, this region's policing deserves special attention.South-South Cooperation Beyond the Myths
Par Isaline Bergamaschi, Phoebe Moore, Arlene B. Tickner. 2017
This book, which brings together scholars from the developed and developing world, explores one of the most salient features of…
contemporary international relations: South-South cooperation. It builds on existing empirical evidence and offers a comparative analytical framework to critically analyse the aid policies and programmes of ten rising donors from the global South. Amongst these are several BRICS (Brazil, India, China and South Africa) but also a number of less studied countries, including Cuba, Venezuela, the United Arab Emirates, Colombia, Turkey, and Korea. The chapters trace the ideas, identities and actors that shape contemporary South-South cooperation, and also explore potential differences and points of convergence with traditional North-South aid. This thought-provoking edited collection will appeal to students and scholars of international relations, international political economy, development, economics, area studies and business.Palgrave Handbook of Inter-Organizational Relations in World Politics
Par Joachim A. Koops, Rafael Biermann. 2016
This unique handbook brings together a team of leading scholars and practitioners in order to map, synthesize and assess key…
perspectives on cooperation and rivalry between regional and global organizations in world politics. For the first time, a variety of inter-disciplinary theoretical and conceptual perspectives are combined in order to assess the nature, processes and outcomes of inter-organizational partnerships and rivalries across major policy areas, such as peace and security, human rights and democratisation as well as finance, development and climate change . This text provides scholars, students and policy-makers of International Relations with an exhaustive reference book for understanding the theoretical and empirical dimensions of an increasingly important topic in International Relations (IR), Global Governance and related disciplines.Young People and Political Participation
Par Jacqueline Briggs. 2017
This book analyses the various ways and the extent to which young people participate in politics, focusing primarily on the…
UK and including cross-national comparisons where relevant. It covers topics including: what is meant by political participation; youth political participation on a pan-European basis; new social media and youth political participation; whether the voting age should be lowered to 16; youth participation at the local level; and young women and political participation. Written in a lively and engaging style, the book provides a detailed investigation into the extent to which young people in the twenty-first century are interested and participate in politics. The author has included interviews with many young people, as well as with academics and specialists in the field. The book's greatest contribution is to the debate surrounding whether or not the voting age should be lowered to 16 - a timely and thought-provoking analysis.Framing Immigrants: News Coverage, Public Opinion, and Policy
Par S. Karthick Ramakrishnan, Chris Haynes, Jennifer Merolla. 2016
While undocumented immigration is controversial, the general public is largely unfamiliar with the particulars of immigration policy. Given that public…
opinion on the topic is malleable, to what extent do mass media shape the public debate on immigration? In Framing Immigrants, political scientists Chris Haynes, Jennifer Merolla, and Karthick Ramakrishnan explore how conservative, liberal, and mainstream news outlets frame and discuss undocumented immigrants. Drawing from original voter surveys, they show that how the media frames immigration has significant consequences for public opinion and has implications for the passage of new immigration policies. The authors analyze media coverage of several key immigration policy issues—including mass deportations, comprehensive immigration reform, and measures focused on immigrant children, such as the DREAM Act—to chart how news sources across the ideological spectrum produce specific “frames” for the immigration debate. In the past few years, liberal and mainstream outlets have tended to frame immigrants lacking legal status as “undocumented” (rather than “illegal”) and to approach the topic of legalization through human-interest stories, often mentioning children. Conservative outlets, on the other hand, tend to discuss legalization using impersonal statistics and invoking the rule of law. Yet, regardless of the media’s ideological positions, the authors’ surveys show that “negative” frames more strongly influence public support for different immigration policies than do positive frames. For instance, survey participants who were exposed to language portraying immigrants as law-breakers seeking “amnesty” tended to oppose legalization measures. At the same time, support for legalization was higher when participants were exposed to language referring to immigrants living in the United States for a decade or more. Framing Immigrants shows that despite heated debates on immigration across the political aisle, the general public has yet to form a consistent position on undocumented immigrants. By analyzing how the media influences public opinion, this book provides a valuable resource for immigration advocates, policymakers, and researchers.