Résultats de recherche de titre
Articles 61 à 80 sur 1118
Political Species: The Evolution and Diversity of Private Organizations in Politics (ISSN)
Par Karsten Ronit. 2024
In Political Species, Karsten Ronit expertly argues that evolutionary biology can provide important sources of inspiration for analyzing the proliferation…
of private actors/organizations in domestic and global politics. Focusing on the evolution of a diversity of such private actors/organizations in politics, Ronit emphasizes that individuals are affected by and contribute to societal, cultural, and political evolution through a range of formal organizations and that societies, cultures, and politics influence and build upon values and norms transmitted by individuals via these formal organizations. By being mindful of these contextual factors and keeping in mind the important research done in the micro- and macro-perspectives, we can gain a better understanding of the diversity of private actors/organizations and how they evolve and adapt. Evolutionary biology teaches us that over time, different varieties emerge, specialize, and adapt to the ever-changing conditions in complex environments before accumulating into new species. Much change characterizes these processes of political evolution because actors constantly emerge and add to the existing population of private actors that, in one way or another, are engaged in politics.Future of Denial: The Ideologies of Climate Change
Par Tad DeLay. 2024
"Tad DeLay is one of the most important and disquieting theorists of consciousness and politics writing today. His work is…
indispensable."—China Miéville, author of OctoberCapitalism is an ecocidal engine constantly regenerating climate change denialThe age of denial is over, we are told. Yet emissions continue to rise while gimmicks, graft, and green- washing distract the public from the climate violence suffered by the vulnerable. This timely, interdisciplinary contribution to the environmental humanities draws on the latest climatology, the first shoots of an energy transition, critical theory, Earth&’s paleoclimate history, and trends in border violence to answer the most pressing question of our age: Why do we continue to squander the short time we have left?The symptoms suggest society&’s inability to adjust is profound. Near Portland, militias incapable of accepting that the world is warming respond to a wildfire by hunting for imaginary left-wing arsonists. Europe erects nets in the Aegean Sea to capture migrants fleeing drought and war. An airline claims to be carbon neutral thanks to bogus cheap offsets. Drone strikes hit people living along the aridity line. Yes, Exxon knew as early as the 1970s, but the fundamental physics of carbon dioxide warming the Earth was already understood before the American Civil War.Will capitalists ever voluntarily walk away from hundreds of trillions of dollars in fossil fuels unless they are forced to do so? And, if not, who will apply the necessary pressure?Outside the Outside: The New Politics of Suburbs
Par Matt Hern. 2024
"Matt Hern's brilliant and captivating Outside the Outside presents an urgently needed, theoretically sophisticated street-level perspective on some of the most pertinent…
ongoing critical debates about life and politics in our decentered suburban world."—Roger Keil, author of Suburban PlanetModern "sub-urbs" as a place of vibrancy, conflict and resistanceMatt Hern argues that the changing relationship between the urban center and the suburban periphery forces us to rethink the entire identity of the city itself. Today, most of the Western world lives on the city outskirts. Yet these neighborhoods that once offered security and respite from the perceived dangers of the city center have been radically transformed in the last few decades to poor, working-class and racialized communities. Outside the Outside maps these changes and argues for a revival of the social life of the city as a whole.Hern shows how language that relegates parts of the urban to the &“outside&” and designates other parts as the "center" echoes colonial forms of domination. This should come as no surprise in an era when communities are forced onto the periphery and beyond by gentrification.With on-the-ground reportage in, among other places, Vancouver, Portland, London, Ferguson and Rabat, Hern demonstrates how we need to challenge our misconceptions and see the "sub-urbs" as vibrant places of resistance and regeneration and to celebrate the movement, circulation and difference to be found there.Slow Burn: The Hidden Costs of a Warming World
Par Robert Jisung Park. 2024
How the subtle but significant consequences of a hotter planet have already begun—from lower test scores to higher crime rates—and…
how we might tackle them todayIt&’s hard not to feel anxious about the problem of climate change, especially if we think of it as an impending planetary catastrophe. In Slow Burn, R. Jisung Park encourages us to view climate change through a different lens: one that focuses less on the possibility of mass climate extinction in a theoretical future, and more on the everyday implications of climate change here and now.Drawing on a wealth of new data and cutting-edge economics, Park shows how climate change headlines often miss some of the most important costs. When wildfires blaze, what happens to people downwind of the smoke? When natural disasters destroy buildings and bridges, what happens to educational outcomes? Park explains how climate change operates as the silent accumulation of a thousand tiny conflagrations: imperceptibly elevated health risks spread across billions of people; pennies off the dollar of productivity; fewer opportunities for upward mobility.By investigating how the physical phenomenon of climate change interacts with social and economic institutions, Park illustrates how climate change already affects everyone, and may act as an amplifier of inequality. Wealthier households and corporations may adapt quickly, but, without targeted interventions, less advantaged communities may not.Viewing climate change as a slow and unequal burn comes with an important silver lining. It puts dollars and cents behind the case for aggressive emissions cuts and helps identify concrete steps that can be taken to better manage its adverse effects. We can begin to overcome our climate anxiety, Park shows us, when we begin to tackle these problems locally.Towards a New Dharma of Peace Building: Conflict Transformations and Alternative Planetary Futures
Par Ananta Kumar Giri, Saji Varghese. 2024
This volume deals with a new Dharma of peacebuilding and conflict transformations, drawing on the world's philosophical, religious, and spiritual…
traditions and many recent initiatives and experiments with peace. It deals with issues of sustainable peace, Dharma and Ubuntu of peace from African traditions, neurological insights of peacebuilding, traditions of conscientious objection, Satyagraha, possibilities of Gandhian Ahimsa, and moral and ethical limits of conflict and conflict resolution. It also presents the works of peace thinkers and activists such as Spinoza, Abhinavagupta, Tolstoy, Gandhi, Ulrich Beck, and others. It offers new initiatives and experiments in peace in different parts of the world—Palestine-Israel, Colombia, the Middle East, India, and South Africa. This pioneering and handy book is of interest to students, scholars, teachers, and activists working in peace and conflict studies, development studies, cultural studies, and religious studies as well as in different civil society organizations around the world.This book explores the dynamics of the Chinese regulation of internet firms. Sitting at the crossroad of regulation studies, communication…
studies, political economy, and the social movements, it conceptualises China as a “double-bind regulatory state”, defined as a two-step autonomy-enabling process. First, the party-state’s pursuit of competiting objectives creates a predicament for regulators. In the second step, private internet firms consciously exploit regulators’ predicament to enlarge their maneuvering room. The approach of “double-bind regulatory state” challenges some current academic accounts that exaggerate the capacity of the Chinese party-state to establish seamless control. This book is of interest to scholars of Chinese politics, digital law, political economy, and more.Immigrant America: A Portrait
Par Prof. Alejandro Portes, Prof. Rubén G. Rumbaut. 2024
This revised and updated fifth edition of Immigrant America: A Portrait provides a comprehensive and current overview of immigration to…
the United States, including its history, the principal theories seeking to account for its diverse origins, the main types of immigrants, and the various forms of immigrants' incorporation within American society. With the latest available data, Immigrant America further explores the economic, political, regional, linguistic, and religious aspects of immigration. It offers detailed analyses of the adaptation process experienced by adult children of immigrants and adds an updated and expanded concluding chapter on changing immigration policy regimes both past and present.Seeding Empire: American Philanthrocapital and the Roots of the Green Revolution in Africa
Par Aaron Eddens. 2024
In Seeding Empire, Aaron Eddens rewrites an enduring story about the past—and future—of global agriculture. Eddens connects today's efforts to…
cultivate a "Green Revolution in Africa" to a history of American projects that introduced capitalist agriculture across the Global South. Expansive in scope, this book draws on archival records of the earliest Green Revolution projects in Mexico in the 1940s and 1950s, as well as interviews at development institutions and agribusinesses working to deliver genetically modified crops to millions of small-scale farmers across Africa. From the offices of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to the halls of the world's largest agricultural biotechnology companies to field trials of hybrid maize in Kenya, Eddens shows how the Green Revolution fails to address global inequalities. Seeding Empire insists that eradicating hunger in a world of climate crisis demands thinking beyond the Green Revolution.A free ebook version of this title is available through Luminos, University of California Press's Open Access publishing program. Visit…
www.luminosoa.org to learn more. Indonesia is the world's second-largest cigarette market: two out of three men smoke, and clove-laced tobacco cigarettes called kretek make up 95 percent of the market. Each year, more than 250,000 Indonesians die of tobacco-related diseases. To account for the staggering success of this lethal industry, Kretek Capitalism examines how kretek manufacturers have adopted global tobacco technologies and enlisted Indonesians to labor on their behalf in fields and factories, at retail outlets and social gatherings, and online. The book charts how Sampoerna, a Philip Morris subsidiary, uses contracts, competitions, and gender, age, and class hierarchies to extract labor from workers, influencers, artists, students, retailers, and consumers. Critically engaging nationalist claims about the commodity's cultural heritage and the jobs it supports, Marina Welker shows how global capitalism has transformed both kretek and the labor required to make and promote it.Dignity Not Debt: An Abolitionist Approach to Economic Justice
Par Chrystin Ondersma. 2024
An earth-shaking reimagining of household debt that opens up a new path to financial security for all Americans. American households…
have a debt problem. The problem is not, as often claimed, that Americans recklessly take on too much debt. The problem is that US debt policies have no basis in reality. Weaving together the histories and trends of US debt policy with her own family story, Chrystin Ondersma debunks the myths that have long governed debt policy, like the belief that debt leads to prosperity or the claim that bad debt is the result of bad choices, both of which nest in the overarching myth of a free market unhindered by government interference and accessible to all. In place of these stale narratives, Ondersma offers a compelling, flexible, and reality-based taxonomy rooted in the internationally recognized principle of human dignity. Ondersma’s new categories of debt—grounded in abolitionist principles—revolutionize how policymakers are able to think about debt, which will in turn revolutionize the American debt landscape itself.Tensions Between Capitalism and Democracy Today From the Perspective of J. S. Mill and J. A. Schumpeter
Par Gülenay Baş Dinar, Çınla Akdere. 2023
This book examines the intellectual ideas that underpin our understanding of capitalism. Framing these debates through the work on John…
Stuart Mill and Joseph Schumpeter, the development of democracy and its relationship with capitalism is explored to provide insight into the rationality of individuals and the distribution of power. By analysing the evolution of economic systems, ideas relating to democracy, capitalism, liberalism, competition, and elites are also defined.This book aims to inform current economic and political debates and to highlight new forms of democracy and capitalism. It will be relevant to students and researchers interested in the political economy and the history of economic thought.The book offers explanations for the striking variation in the outcomes of European integration crises. It analyzes eight major cases…
over the entire integration process, starting from the early 1950s and lasting until very recently. All cases went beyond a single policy field or member state but affected key features, principles, and objectives of European integration. As such, they qualify as “constitutional crises”. My cases comprise the crisis of the European Defence Community (1952-54); the empty chair crisis (1965-66); the oil crisis (1973-74); the budgetary rebate crisis (1979-84); the end of the Cold War crisis (1989-92); the Constitutional Treaty crisis (2004-07); the Euro crisis (2009-12); and the migration crisis (2015-16). Taking a historical-comparative perspective, the book shows that crises have been an integral part of the European integration process since its beginning. European integration, after all, started with a major setback when member states in 1954 failedto realize plans for a European army through the European Defense Community.Legal Culture, Sociopolitical Origins and Professional Careers of Judges in Mexico
Par Azul A. Aguiar Aguilar. 2024
This book explores the careers, professional trajectories and legal cultures of judges in the federal judiciary in Mexico. So far,…
there has been limited research on internal factors contributing to the understanding of judicial power dynamics in Mexico and other Latin American countries at large; this Work fills an important gap in the literature through its empirical investigation of internal legal cultures and judicial norms, offering new data, measurement strategies,and insights into the interactions between law, politics, norms, legal culture(s), as well as judicial behavior. Utilising an original survey, the chapters analyse judicial conceptualizations of role norms, legal cultures, proclivities for judicial activism, and judicial behavior. In so doing, this book contributes to understanding of underlying key internal factors of judicial activism or restraint, in turn moving forward the debate that seeks to explain judicial behavior reliant on internal and ideational perspectives. Complementing limited but existing studies of judicial politics in Mexico through its analysis of judges beyond those that sit at the Supreme Court, this book will be of particular interest to Latin-American judicial politics scholars due to its focus on the judicial power from internal perspectives as well as sub-national judges, filling a void in the literature vis-à-vis the study of courts in Latin America. This Work was originally written in Spanish, and the translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence. A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content.This text for students of politics and public policy, and for learning on the job by new policy analysts, provides…
a practical introduction grounded in the author’s experience of working in public policy. In four concise chapters, Part I steps through doing policy analysis in practice: from clear commissioning and project planning, to doing analysis through collective thinking, to telling a compelling policy story, to peer review and quality assurance. The six chapters in Part II are a resource for reflective practice, introducing theory to address questions policy analysts confront in the course of their work. What is the purpose of politics and public policy? How do I know I am making a difference? How do I tackle working with stakeholders with different, competing, or conflicting interests? How might I navigate conflicting claims relating to identity and culture? And how can I balance responsiveness to current demands with responsibility to future generations? Every chapter closes with suggestions for group exercises and questions for individual reflection.Wissenschaft, Zahlen und Politik
Par Markus J. Prutsch. 2023
Diese Studie untersucht die dynamische Beziehung zwischen Wissenschaft, Zahlen und Politik. Was können wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse realistischerweise in und für die…
Politik tun? Der Band leistet einen Beitrag zu dieser Debatte, indem er sich auf die Rolle von "Zahlen" als Mittel konzentriert, mit dem Wissen ausgedrückt wird und durch das dieses Wissen in den politischen Bereich übertragen werden kann. Ausgehend von der Annahme, dass Zahlen ständig aktiv geschaffen, übersetzt und verwendet werden und dass sie in ihren jeweiligen Kontexten interpretiert werden müssen, wird untersucht, wie Zahlen und Quantifizierungen "politisch nutzbar" gemacht werden, indem ihre Produktion, ihr Übergang in die Sphäre der Politik und ihre letztendliche Verwendung darin untersucht werden. Zu den zentralen Fragen, die behandelt werden, gehören: Auf welche Weise beeinflussen wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse die politische Entscheidungsfindung in der heutigen Welt? Wie und warum hat Quantifizierung in der demokratischen Politik eine so wichtige Rolle gespielt? Was leisten wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse und Zahlen in der Politik?Psychology of Crowds
Par Gustave Le Bon. 2009
In this clear and vivid book, Gustave Le Bon throws light on the unconscious irrational workings of group thought and…
mass emotion as he places crowd ideology in opposition to free-thinking and independent minded individuals. He also shows how the behaviour of an individual changes when she/he is part of a crowd.Le Bon was an eminent psychologist and sociologist. The ideas le Bon explores in this book are extremely relevant to today's society and were of pivotal importance in the early years of group psychology: Sigmund Freud's Massenpsychologie und Ich-Analyse (1921); (English translation Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego, 1922) was based on Le Bon's work. Applications include financial market behaviour and political delusions.The original of this work, La Psychologie des Foules, was first translated anonymously into English possibly by a group of French students. Sparkling Books has corrected errors and anomalies in the original translation by reference to the Alcan edition. We have shortened a few passages but maintained the original footnotes and have added some footnotes of our own. Contents>Book One - The Mind of Crowds General characteristics of crowds and the psychological law of their mental unity The sentiments and morality of crowds The ideas, reasoning power, and imagination of crowds The religious nature of crowd convictions Book Two - The Opinions and Beliefs of Crowds Indirect factors of the opinions and beliefs of crowds Direct factors of the opinions of crowds The leaders of crowds and their means of persuasion Fixed beliefs and changeable opinions of crowds Book Three - The Classification and Description of the Different Kinds of Crowds The classification of crowds Crowds committing crimes Criminal juries Electoral assembliesThe Greatest Crash: Avoiding the financial system limit
Par David Kauders. 2024
"Radical thinkers might have a point" - Financial Times The Greatest Crash argues that the financial system which evolved from…
the early Italian bankers has now reached a roadblock. The weight of debt already created prevents further economic expansion, while paying down the debt shrinks economies. To escape this trap, evolution is needed. But bureaucratic design, delegated government, and group think, all combine to prevent evolution.Understanding Brexit Options: What future for Britain?
Par David Kauders. 2016
Is the existing trade agreement good enough? Get facts, not spin! The basic trade and cooperation agreement has proved woefully…
insufficient for Britain's needs. It has reduced the supply of doctors, nurses, lorry drivers, agricultural and hospitality workers, bringing pressure and chaos to everyday life. It has hit or will damage exports and employment in fishing, food, artistic and other services and it threatens the peace in Ireland. Leaving the EU internal energy market has increased energy prices relative to the rest of Europe. Promised new trade opportunities have vanished. This book explains alternative relationships with Europe. The detrimental effect on trade in both goods and services that has been caused by leaving the single market was entirely foreseeable. As the United Kingdom's relationship with Europe changes and evolves, the book documents better options that Britain needs but are rejected by its politicians. Reviews “The need for a reasoned and sensible debate about the impact of Brexit has never been higher, with continued Government obfuscation about what Britain’s exit from the EU will entail. David Kauders’ well-researched book concisely explains the different Brexit options available and details their implications, with the case for Britain’s continued access to the single market shining through. Kauders’ work should be required reading for all those wishing to quickly grasp the consequences of Brexit” - Lord Bilimoria, Chairman, Cobra Beer Partnership and Cross Bench member of the House of LordsBlack Country to Red China: One girl's story from war-torn England to Revolutionary China
Par Esther Cheo Ying. 1980
Born in pre-Revolutionary China and brought up in the Midlands, Esther Cheo Ying returned to China in 1949 after a…
traumatic childhood, convinced that there she would find the happiness and sense of belonging she longed for. Caught up in the turmoil of civil war and sympathetic to the Communist Revolution, she joined the Red Army and then stayed on to work in the new People's Republic. But despite her determination to make a new life in China could she truly be happy in a country which encouraged constant self-criticism and viewed her as a 'false foreign devil'? Black Country to Red China is an extraordinary account of life before the Cultural Revolution, but it is also a fascinating insight into one woman's struggle to come to terms with your own identity.The Billy Boy: The Life and Death of LVF Leader Billy Wright
Par Chris Anderson. 2002
A cult figure among loyalists, despised and feared by nationalists, Billy 'King Rat' Wright is reputed to have been involved…
in a number of sectarian murders before he himself was shot dead by republican gunmen inside the MazePrison in 1997.Wright became involved with loyalist paramilitaries at the age of 16, and in the early 1990s he emerged as the UVF commander in the Mid-Ulster area. The Billy Boy documents Wright's role in the Drumcree dispute of 1995-96 and his split from the UVF, recounting how he ignored both a death threat and an order to leave Northern Ireland, only to remain in Portadown and form the Loyalist Volunteer Force. It covers Wright's trial and subsequent imprisonment for a crime it has been claimed was set up by the State; recounts the circumstances of his killing inside a top-security prison; and investigates the allegations of State collusion in Wright's death.Terrifically gripping and often disturbing, The Billy Boy is an exhaustive account of a notorious figure of the Troubles, whose life and death were surrounded by controversy and political debate.