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Computational Physics: Fortran Version
Par Steven E. Koonin. 2018
Computational Physics is designed to provide direct experience in the computer modeling of physical systems. Its scope includes the essential…
numerical techniques needed to "do physics" on a computer. Each of these is developed heuristically in the text, with the aid of simple mathematical illustrations. However, the real value of the book is in the eight Examples and Projects, where the reader is guided in applying these techniques to substantial problems in classical, quantum, or statistical mechanics. These problems have been chosen to enrich the standard physics curriculum at the advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate level. The book will also be useful to physicists, engineers, and chemists interested in computer modeling and numerical techniques. Although the user-friendly and fully documented programs are written in FORTRAN, a casual familiarity with any other high-level language, such as BASIC, PASCAL, or C, is sufficient. The codes in BASIC and FORTRAN are available on the web at http://www.computationalphysics.info. They are available in zip format, which can be expanded on UNIX, Window, and Mac systems with the proper software. The codes are suitable for use (with minor changes) on any machine with a FORTRAN-77 compatible compiler or BASIC compiler. The FORTRAN graphics codes are available as well. However, as they were originally written to run on the VAX, major modifications must be made to make them run on other machines.Violence, Politics and Religion: A General Theory of Violent Radicalization (ISSN)
Par Sergio García-Magariño. 2024
This book offers a general theory of violent radicalization and uses case studies from a variety of different countries and…
groups to illustrate this.The first and fundamental objective of the book is to provide an explanatory framework to understand phenomena related to violent radicalization, deradicalization, the prevention of radicalization and to political violence; in particular, that inspired by religion. The second objective follows from the first. Understanding violent radicalization of religious inspiration implies delving into two key concepts: violent radicalization and religion. This second objective is indeed elusive, since, on the one hand, many liberal democracies have undergone processes of secularization or, at least, have lost interest in examining religion in public debates. Therefore, rigorously exploring social problems where religion seems to be involved, in one way or another, is complicated. Moreover, the notion of violent radicalization, in turn, is highly contested and confused with other ideas, such as polarization, extremism, terrorism or nonviolent radicalization. Finally, the book aims to bring theory into dialogue with empirical phenomena, and to test it against concrete cases related to violent radicalization and its prevention, on the one hand, and religion, on the other. The book’s originality comes from both its innovative, methodological approach and its breadth, with cases from several countries (Spain, the United States, Ireland, India, Israel, Russia and Colombia) and different ideological groups (revolutionary communists, nationalist movements, Jihadist groups, white and black supremacists).This book will be of much interest to students of terrorism and political violence, radicalization, sociology and international relations in general.Heart of Darkness: Unraveling the Mysteries of the Invisible Universe (Princeton Science Library #148)
Par Jeremiah P. Ostriker, Simon Mitton. 2013
Humanity's ongoing quest to unlock the secrets of dark matter and dark energyHeart of Darkness describes the incredible saga of…
humankind's quest to unravel the deepest secrets of the universe. Over the past forty years, scientists have learned that two little-understood components—dark matter and dark energy—comprise most of the known cosmos, explain the growth of all cosmic structure, and hold the key to the universe's fate. The story of how evidence for the so-called "Lambda-Cold Dark Matter" model of cosmology has been gathered by generations of scientists throughout the world is told here by one of the pioneers of the field, Jeremiah Ostriker, and his coauthor Simon Mitton.From humankind's early attempts to comprehend Earth's place in the solar system, to astronomers' exploration of the Milky Way galaxy and the realm of the nebulae beyond, to the detection of the primordial fluctuations of energy from which all subsequent structure developed, this book explains the physics and the history of how the current model of our universe arose and has passed every test hurled at it by the skeptics. Throughout this rich story, an essential theme is emphasized: how three aspects of rational inquiry—the application of direct measurement and observation, the introduction of mathematical modeling, and the requirement that hypotheses should be testable and verifiable—guide scientific progress and underpin our modern cosmological paradigm.This monumental puzzle is far from complete, however, as scientists confront the mysteries of the ultimate causes of cosmic structure formation and the real nature and origin of dark matter and dark energy.The de Sitter: An Introduction to Elementary Systems and Modeling the Dark Energy Universe (Synthesis Lectures on Mathematics & Statistics)
Par Mohammad Enayati, Jean-Pierre Gazeau, Hamed Pejhan, Anzhong Wang. 2024
This Second Edition is a comprehensive update, integrating the latest research and theoretical advancements in the field of de Sitter…
(dS) group representations. Building on the success of the first edition, the book offers a more in-depth analysis of mathematical aspects, conceptual foundations, and practical implications related to the dS group, including its Lie manifold, Lie algebra, and co-adjoint orbits, viewing the latter as potential classical elementary systems within the context of dS spacetime. Additionally, the examination of unitary irreducible representations (UIRs) sheds light on the potential existence of quantum elementary systems within the dS spacetime framework. The authors emphasize consistency with Wigner's approach to elementary systems, incorporate Wigner's principles and exploring projective UIRs of the dS group, and provide a deeper insight into the nature of dS elementary systems. Particular attention is paid to: the “smooth” transition from classical to quantum theory, the physical content under vanishing curvature, and the thermal interpretation from a quantum perspective. The book also focuses on the physical interpretation of elementary systems in curved spacetimes, recognizing the limitations of traditional concepts derived from flat Minkowski spacetime and the Poincaré group.Digital Resilience: Navigating Disruption and Safeguarding Data Privacy (EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing)
Par Shishir Kumar Shandilya, Agni Datta, Yash Kartik, Atulya Nagar. 2024
This book offers an in-depth overview of digital resilience, defined as the ability of individuals, organizations, and societies to adapt…
to and counter various digital threats such as cyberattacks, data breaches, and other forms of cyber threats. Digital resilience not only enables proactive measures but also ensures fault-tolerant planning and design. The book elaborates on the necessary techniques and methods to achieve digital resilience. Key methodologies, including quantum computing, post-quantum cryptography, nature-inspired cybersecurity, zero-trust systems, zero-knowledge proofs, multi-party computation, and the emerging field of space security, are discussed in detail. The book provides insights into artificial intelligence and machine learning, examining their impact on society and organizations. It critically analyses the role of cybersecurity in businesses, emphasizing its importance for safety and economic stability. In addition, the book discusses notable cyber incidents, offering valuable insights into digital resilience. It serves as a comprehensive compilation, featuring key terms, definitions, case studies, and references to existing literature and research in cybersecurity, analytics, information sciences, future computing, digital resilience, and related fields.Did you know that the number of atoms in a cookie is about the same number of stars in the…
universe? Geoff Engelstein tackles the big questions of the universe and how it works using the sweet and simple chocolate cookie as guide. By exploring what goes into the cookie—the ingredients and the steps—we learn about how everything works, from the tiny world of subatomic particles to galactic clusters. Topics include: The Big Bang Explained with Chocolate ChipsQuantum Mechanics Explained with Milk and CookiesChaos Explained with VanillaAnd more!Filled with fascinating facts and laugh-out-loud moments, it's a richly visual and deeply fascinating scientific exploration of the world. And cookies.Beams: The Story of Particle Accelerators and the Science They Discover (Copernicus Books)
Par Volker Ziemann. 2024
This book describes and explains the world of particle accelerators and the physics they study. The presentation is non-technical (E=mc2 is the…
only equation!) and the prose accessible. By following the co-evolution of particle accelerators and particle physics, readers will learn why the accelerators are built, how they work, and what "results" they produce. The book highlights the great ideas (e.g. synchrotron) and technological advances (superconducting magnets) that boosted the potential of accelerators and led to new discoveries, eventually resulting in the standard model of particle physics. Many concepts are illustrated with figures derived from three-dimensional models; these include theaccelerators, detectors, and particles. Background information about the main protagonists, along with pointers to further reading, e.g. from "Scientific American," are provided in endnotes.Advances in Geoinformatics Technologies: Facilities and Utilities Optimization and Management for Smart City Applications (Earth and Environmental Sciences Library)
Par Ram Narayan Yadava, Muhamad Uznir Ujang. 2024
There are many GIS products for smart cities to implement smart city projects or activities. Most of the Geoinformatics Technologies…
and its application books are theoretical and lack of examples with real world data and step by step explanations to understand the facilities and utilities optimization and management for smart city applications and socio-economic aspects.This book focuses and discusses topics related to how technological advances in Geoinformatics can help in the management operations of smart city applications to help our environment to be smart. Specifically, the volume focuses on how these advancements can help optimize and manage facilities and utilities. This book focuses on geoinformation modelling, geo-smart city applications, geoinformation technology, information system and computer science, and geolocation and positioning as its five primary areas of discussion. Each of these primary subjects delves into the application that uses geoinformatics technology in greater depth. This covers the use of Geoinformatics technology in the prevention of crime, coastal erosion, carbon emission modelling, landslide modelling, urban farming, and various other applications linked to the field. This book's objective is to provide a comprehensive review of the accomplishments that geoinformatics has made in a number of different application areas for smart cities. It covers Geoinformation Technologies, Geoinformation Modelling, Information System and Computer Science, Geolocation & Positioning, and Geo-Smart City Applications.The book will be useful to graduate students, university faculty, and researchers in Geoinformatics sciences/engineering and architecture and town planning. It will also be useful to entrepreneurs, professionals, and planners in policy and decision making at the local, state and national levels.Gun Present: Inside a Southern District Attorney's Battle against Gun Violence
Par Susan Dewey. 2024
Gun Present takes us inside the everyday operations of the law at a courthouse in the Deep South. Illuminating the…
challenges accompanying the prosecution of criminal cases involving guns, the three coauthors—an anthropologist, a geographer, and a district attorney—present a deeply human portrait of prosecutors’ work. Built on an immersive, community-based participatory partnership between researchers and criminal justice professionals, Gun Present chronicles how a justice assemblage comprising institutional structures and practices, relationships and roles, and individual moral and emotional worlds informs the day-to-day administration of justice. Weaving together in-depth interviews, quantitative analysis of more than a thousand criminal cases, analysis of trial transcripts, and over a year of ethnographic observations, Gun Present provides a model for scholar-practitioner collaborations.This book explains different phenomena that occur in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs (NFRs) of carbonate rocks neighboring a salt structure and…
how it affects well drilling. Prediction of carbonate pore pressure is difficult; therefore, a new set of pore pressure equations for carbonates were developed, accounting for overpressure and depleted conditions. A detailed description of a fully coupled model is shown in order to discuss geomechanics and the coupling of fluid flow in porous media and to achieve a better representation of the mechanics involved in the exploitation of NFRs. Additionally, results of a new model of geomechanics in vuggy carbonate reservoirs are presented. This book also displays a wide discussion, analysis, and numerical implementation of six different salt rheology models. Furthermore, the most representative rheology salt models were studied aside with the fully coupled model of geomechanics and fluid flow in porous media. Finally, it presents an answer to areal case of a well drilled near a salt diapir where anomalous pore pressure was found.Computational Fluid Dynamics: Finite Difference Method and Lattice Boltzmann Method (Engineering Applications of Computational Methods #20)
Par Guoxiang Hou, Caikan Chen, Shenglei Qin, Yuan Gao, Kai Wang. 2024
This book provides a concise and comprehensive introduction to several basic methods with more attention to their theoretical basis and…
applications in fluid dynamics. Furthermore, some new ideas are presented in this book, for example, a method to solve the transition matrix by difference operator transformation. For this method, the book gives the definition of Fourier integral transformation of translation operator, and proves the transition matrix equaling to the differential operator transformation, so that it is extended to general situations of explicit, implicit, multi-layer difference equations, etc. This flexible approach is also used in the differential part. In addition, the book also includes six types of equivalent stability definitions in two ways and deeply analyzes their errors, stabilities and convergences of the difference equations. What is more important, some new scientific contributions on lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) in recent years are presented in the book as well. The authors write the book combining their ten years teaching experience and research results and this book is intended for graduate students who are interested in the area of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Authors list some new research achievements, such as simplified lattice Boltzmann method, the simplified lattice Boltzmann flux solver and discrete unified gas kinetic scheme, and expect that this new information could give readers possible further investigating ideas in their future research on CFD area.AQA A Level Physics Student Book 1
Par Nick England, Jeremy Pollard, Nicky Thomas, Carol Davenport. 2015
Exam Board: AQALevel: AS/A-levelSubject: PhysicsFirst Teaching: September 2015First Exam: June 2016AQA ApprovedExpand and challenge your students' knowledge and understanding of…
Physics with textbooks that build mathematical skills and provide practical assessment guidance. - Offers support for the mathematical requirements of the course with worked examples of calculations and a dedicated 'Maths in Physics' chapter- Measures progress and assess learning throughout the course with Test Yourself and Stretch and Challenge Questions to extend the most able pupils beyond A-level- Supports all 12 required practicals with applications, worked examples and activities included in each chapter- Develops understanding and enable self- and peer-assessment with free online access to 'Test yourself' answers.AQA A-level Physics Year 1 Student Book includes AS-level.Unseen Universe: New Secrets of the Cosmos Revealed by the James Webb Space Telescope
Par Dr Caroline Harper. 2024
This is the universe as you've never seen it before. Discover how the awe-inspiring images from Webb are rapidly changing…
our understanding of our solar system and beyond.From the towering dust cliffs of the Carina Nebula to Jupiter glowing like an iridescent disco ball in the sky, these stunning new images have captured the imagination of millions all over the world. Launched on 25th December 2021, the James Webb Space Telescope is the most powerful and complex space telescope ever built, capturing a glimpse of deep space billions of years in the past. Now, Dr Caroline Harper and contributing astrophysicists from across Europe and the USA use Webb's photography to answer 10 of the biggest questions humankind has about the universe, including:· How are stars born?· How do galaxies form and evolve?· What are the origins of black holes?· Where do planets get their water?· Are we alone in the universe?· Is the universe expanding or infinite?Discover the science behind these beautiful images, which are revealing hidden details of the universe and clues to how it all began, and what awaits us in the future.Unseen Universe: New Secrets of the Cosmos Revealed by the James Webb Space Telescope
Par Dr Caroline Harper. 2024
This is the universe as you've never seen it before. Discover how the awe-inspiring images from Webb are rapidly changing…
our understanding of our solar system and beyond.From the towering dust cliffs of the Carina Nebula to Jupiter glowing like an iridescent disco ball in the sky, these stunning new images have captured the imagination of millions all over the world. Launched on 25th December 2021, the James Webb Space Telescope is the most powerful and complex space telescope ever built, capturing a glimpse of deep space billions of years in the past. Now, Dr Caroline Harper and contributing astrophysicists from across Europe and the USA use Webb's photography to answer 10 of the biggest questions humankind has about the universe, including:· How are stars born?· How do galaxies form and evolve?· What are the origins of black holes?· Where do planets get their water?· Are we alone in the universe?· Is the universe expanding or infinite?Discover the science behind these beautiful images, which are revealing hidden details of the universe and clues to how it all began, and what awaits us in the future.Ka-boom!: The Science of Extremes
Par David Darling. 2024
What&’s the brightest light on Earth? The coldest corner of the universe? The blackest material ever made? The most poisonous…
substance in nature? &‘You will learn something new in every chapter, on every page and probably in every paragraph. Hugely entertaining.&’ Kit Yates, author of The Maths of Life and Death Ka-boom! probes extremes of size and speed, depth and density, and reveals the stickiest, sweetest, smelliest and nastiest substances known to science. In an unabashed celebration of the exceptional, David Darling takes an enlightening journey through the universe&’s weirdest and most wonderful extremes. Travel to far-flung galaxies in pursuit of habitable planets and extra-terrestrial life. Journey to the rainforests of South America and discover the top-speed of the notoriously sluggish sloth. Find out how Earth&’s hardiest creatures – tardigrades or &‘water bears&’ – ended up living on the moon. And meet the scientists and engineers using these quirks of nature to design faster computers, produce greener energy and revolutionise space travel.Diffusive Spreading in Nature, Technology and Society
Par Armin Bunde, Jürgen Caro, Christian Chmelik, Jörg Kärger, Gero Vogl. 2023
What do the movements of molecules and the migration of humans have in common? How does the functionality of our…
brain tissue resemble the flow of traffic in New York City? How can understanding the spread of ideas, rumors, and languages help us tackle the spread a pandemic? This book provides an illuminating look into these seemingly disparate topics by exploring and expertly communicating the fundamental laws that govern the spreading and diffusion of objects. A collection of leading scientists in disciplines as diverse as epidemiology, linguistics, mathematics, and physics discuss various spreading phenomena relevant to their own fields, revealing astonishing similarities and correlations between the objects of study—be they people, particles, or pandemics.This updated and expanded second edition of an award-winning book introduces timely coverage of a subject with the greatest societal impact in recent memory—the global fight against COVID-19. Winner of the 2019 Literature Prize of the German Chemical Industry Fund, this book targets an interdisciplinary readership, featuring an introductory chapter that sets the stage for the topics discussed throughout. Each chapter provides ample opportunity to whet the appetite of those readers seeking a more in-depth treatment, making the book also useful as supplementary reading in appropriate courses dealing with complex systems, mass transfer, and network theory.AQA A Level Physics Student Book 1
Par Nick England, Jeremy Pollard, Nicky Thomas, Carol Davenport. 2015
Exam Board: AQALevel: AS/A-levelSubject: PhysicsFirst Teaching: September 2015First Exam: June 2016AQA ApprovedExpand and challenge your students' knowledge and understanding of…
Physics with textbooks that build mathematical skills and provide practical assessment guidance. - Offers support for the mathematical requirements of the course with worked examples of calculations and a dedicated 'Maths in Physics' chapter- Measures progress and assess learning throughout the course with Test Yourself and Stretch and Challenge Questions to extend the most able pupils beyond A-level- Supports all 12 required practicals with applications, worked examples and activities included in each chapter- Develops understanding and enable self- and peer-assessment with free online access to 'Test yourself' answers.AQA A-level Physics Year 1 Student Book includes AS-level.Entangled Minds: Extrasensory Experiences in a Quantum Reality
Par Dean Radin. 2006
Is everything connected? Can we sense what's happening to loved ones thousands of miles away? Why are we sometimes certain…
of a caller's identity the instant the phone rings? Do intuitive hunches contain information about future events? Is it possible to perceive without the use of the ordinary senses?Many people believe that "psychic phenomena" are rare talents or divine gifts. Others don't believe they exist at all. But the latest scientific research shows that these phenomena are both real and widespread, and are an unavoidable consequence of the interconnected, entangled physical reality we live in. Albert Einstein called entanglement "spooky action at a distance"—the way two objects remain connected through time and space, without communicating in any conventional way, long after their initial interaction has taken place. Could a similar entanglement of minds explain our apparent psychic abilities? Dean Radin, senior scientist at the Institute of Noetic Sciences, believes it might. In this illuminating book, Radin shows how we know that psychic phenomena such as telepathy, clairvoyance, and psychokinesis are real, based on scientific evidence from thousands of controlled lab tests. Radin surveys the origins of this research and explores, among many topics, the collective premonitions of 9/11. He reveals the physical reality behind our uncanny telepathic experiences and intuitive hunches, and he debunks the skeptical myths surrounding them. Entangled Minds sets the stage for a rational, scientific understanding of psychic experience.The Greatest Story Ever Told--So Far: Why Are We Here?
Par Lawrence M. Krauss. 2017
From award-winning physicist, public intellectual, and the bestselling author of A Universe from Nothing Lawrence Krauss, comes &“a masterful blend…
of history, modern physics, and cosmic perspective that empowers the reader to not only embrace our understanding of the universe, but also revel in what remains to be discovered&” (Neil deGrasse Tyson, American Museum of Natural History).In this grand poetic vision of the universe, Lawrence Krauss tells the dramatic story of the discovery of the hidden world that underlies reality—and our place within it. Reality is not what you think or sense—it&’s weird, wild, and counterintuitive, and its inner workings seem at least as implausible as the idea that something can come from nothing. With his trademark wit and accessible style, Krauss leads us to realms so small that they are invisible to microscopes, to the birth and rebirth of light, and into the natural forces that govern our existence. His unique blend of rigorous research and engaging storytelling invites us into the lives and minds of remarkable scientists who have helped unravel the unexpected fabric of reality with reasoning rather than superstition and dogma, and to explain how everything we see—and can&’t see—came about. A passionate advocate for reason, Krauss gives the rationale for the seemingly irrational—and the mysteries and apparent contradictions of quantum physics, and explores what that means for our lives here on Earth—and beyond. At its core, The Greatest Story Ever Told—So Far is about the best of what it means to be human—an epic history of our ultimately purposeless universe that addresses the question, &“Why are we here?&”Parallax: The Race to Measure the Cosmos (Dover Books On Astronomy Ser.)
Par Alan W. Hirshfeld. 2013
In the dramatic tradition of the best-selling Longitude, Parallax charts the historical path of observational astronomy's most daunting challenge: measuring…
the distance to a star. The greatest scientific minds applied themselves in vain to the problem across the millennia, beginning with the ancient Greeks. Not until the nineteenth century would three astronomers, armed with the best telescopes of the age, race to conquer this astronomical Everest—their contest ending in a virtual dead heat. Against a sweeping backdrop filled with kidnappings, dramatic rescue, swordplay, madness, and bitter rivalry, Alan Hirshfeld brings to life the heroes of this remarkable story. Meet the destitute boy plucked from a collapsed building who becomes the greatest telescope maker the world has ever seen; the hot-tempered Dane whose nose is lopped off in a duel over mathematics; the merchant's apprentice forced to choose between the lure of money and his passion for astronomy; and the musician who astounds the world by discovering a new planet from his own backyard. Generously illustrated with diagrams, period engravings, and paintings, Parallax is an unforgettable tale that illuminates the distinctly human side of science.