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This book offers a comprehensive collection of introductory experiments in nuclear and cosmic ray physics utilizing Geiger counters. It features…
over 50 experiments with brief explanations of the physics involved, guidance on setting up educational and amateur experiments, and showcases actual results. The experiments cover the fundamentals of Geiger counters for detecting alpha, beta, gamma, and cosmic radiation, assessing detector performance, monitoring radiation in various environments and sources, conducting coincidence experiments, and applying counting statistics and analysis algorithms. Additionally, introductory chapters delve into radiation principles, interactions with matter, and the history of particle detectors, particularly Geiger counters. With the widespread availability of modern, affordable Geiger detectors and DIY devices, many experiments are suitable for high school and university students, aligning with modern physics curricula. The author has conducted some of these experiments himself over the past 20 years with third-year physics students. The book is also addressed to amateur scientists and a broad audience interested in exploring radiation phenomena. It features around 250 original illustrations and references to historical experiments and contemporary findings.Dark Matter and the Dinosaurs: The Astounding Interconnectedness of the Universe
Par Lisa Randall. 2015
In this brilliant exploration of our cosmic environment, the renowned particle physicist and New York Times bestselling author of Warped…
Passages and Knocking on Heaven’s Door uses her research into dark matter to illuminate the startling connections between the furthest reaches of space and life here on Earth.Sixty-six million years ago, an object the size of a city descended from space to crash into Earth, creating a devastating cataclysm that killed off the dinosaurs, along with three-quarters of the other species on the planet. What was its origin? In Dark Matter and the Dinosaurs, Lisa Randall proposes it was a comet that was dislodged from its orbit as the Solar System passed through a disk of dark matter embedded in the Milky Way. In a sense, it might have been dark matter that killed the dinosaurs.Working through the background and consequences of this proposal, Randall shares with us the latest findings—established and speculative—regarding the nature and role of dark matter and the origin of the Universe, our galaxy, our Solar System, and life, along with the process by which scientists explore new concepts. In Dark Matter and the Dinosaurs, Randall tells a breathtaking story that weaves together the cosmos’ history and our own, illuminating the deep relationships that are critical to our world and the astonishing beauty inherent in the most familiar things.“Science has a battle for hearts and minds on its hands….How good it feels to have Lisa Randall’s unusual blend…
of top flight science, clarity, and charm on our side.”—Richard Dawkins“Dazzling ideas….Read this book today to understand the science of tomorrow.”—Steven PinkerThe bestselling author of Warped Passages, one of Time magazine’s “100 Most Influential People in the World,” and one of Esquire’s “75 Most Influential People of the 21st Century,” Lisa Randall gives us an exhilarating overview of the latest ideas in physics and offers a rousing defense of the role of science in our lives. Featuring fascinating insights into our scientific future born from the author’s provocative conversations with Nate Silver, David Chang, and Scott Derrickson, Knocking on Heaven’s Door is eminently readable, one of the most important popular science books of this or any year. It is a necessary volume for all who admire the work of Stephen Hawking, Michio Kaku, Brian Greene, Simon Singh, and Carl Sagan; for anyone curious about the workings and aims of the Large Hadron Collider, the biggest and most expensive machine ever built by mankind; for those who firmly believe in the importance of science and rational thought; and for anyone interested in how the Universe began…and how it might ultimately end.Higgs Discovery: The Power of Empty Space
Par Lisa Randall. 2013
On July 4, 2012, physicists at the Large Hadron Collider in Geneva madehistory when they discovered an entirely new type…
of subatomic particle that many scientists believe is the Higgs boson. For forty years, physicists searched for this capstone to the Standard Model of particle physics—the theory that describes both the most elementary components that are known in matter and the forces through which they interact. This particle points to the Higgs field, which provides the key to understanding why elementary particles have mass. In Higgs Discovery, Lisa Randall explains the science behind this monumental discovery, its exhilarating implications, and the power of empty space.A Taste of Adventure
Par Exodus Travels Limited. 2017
If you're an adventurer with an appetite, then this cookbook is for you! This lovely cookbook is a collection of…
globetrotting gastronomy to help you recreate your travels at home.The recipes in this book are from all over the world, from Vietnamese Pho and Indian Mango Lassi, to traditional African flatbreads, Middle Eastern Lamb Tagine, and Spanish Paella.With these recipes you'll have the whole world at your fingertips!The Falcon Thief: A True Tale of Adventure, Treachery, and the Hunt for the Perfect Bird
Par Joshua Hammer. 2020
A rollicking true-crime adventure about a rogue who trades in rare birds and their eggs—and the wildlife detective determined to…
stop him.On May 3, 2010, an Irish national named Jeffrey Lendrum was apprehended at Britain&’s Birmingham International Airport with a suspicious parcel strapped to his stomach. Inside were fourteen rare peregrine falcon eggs snatched from a remote cliffside in Wales. So begins a tale almost too bizarre to believe, following the parallel lives of a globe-trotting smuggler who spent two decades capturing endangered raptors worth millions of dollars as race champions—and Detective Andy McWilliam of the United Kingdom&’s National Wildlife Crime Unit, who&’s hell bent on protecting the world&’s birds of prey. The Falcon Thief whisks readers from the volcanoes of Patagonia to Zimbabwe&’s Matobo National Park, and from the frigid tundra near the Arctic Circle to luxurious aviaries in the deserts of Dubai, all in pursuit of a man who is reckless, arrogant, and gripped by a destructive compulsion to make the most beautiful creatures in nature his own. It&’s a story that&’s part true-crime narrative, part epic adventure—and wholly unputdownable until the very last page.Handbook of Superconductivity: Characterization and Applications, Volume Three
Par David A. Cardwell, David C. Larbalestier, Aleksander I. Braginski. 2021
This is the last of three volumes of the extensively revised and updated second edition of the Handbook of Superconductivity.…
The past twenty years have seen rapid progress in superconducting materials, which exhibit one of the most remarkable physical states of matter ever to be discovered. Superconductivity brings quantum mechanics to the scale of the everyday world. Viable applications of superconductors rely fundamentally on an understanding of these intriguing phenomena and the availability of a range of materials with bespoke properties to meet practical needs.While the first volume covers fundamentals and various classes of materials, the second addresses processing of these into various shapes and configurations needed for applications, and ends with chapters on refrigeration methods necessary to attain the superconducting state and the desired performance. This third volume starts with a wide range of methods permitting one to characterize both the materials and various end products of processing. Subsequently, diverse classes of both large scale and electronic applications are described. Volume 3 ends with a glossary relevant to all three volumes. Key Features: Covers the depth and breadth of the field Includes contributions from leading academics and industry professionals across the world Provides hands-on familiarity with the characterization methods and offers descriptions of representative examples of practical applications A comprehensive reference, the handbook is suitable for both graduate students and practitioners in experimental physics, materials science, and multiple engineering disciplines, including electronic and electrical, chemical, mechanical, metallurgy and others.Recent Advances in Aerospace Engineering: Select Proceedings of MRAE 2023 (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering)
Par Sanjay Singh, Perumalla Janaki Ramulu, Sachin Singh Gautam. 2024
The book presents the select proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Modern Research in Aerospace Engineering (MRAE 2023). It covers…
the latest research in the field of aerospace engineering and space technology. Various topics covered in this book are aerospace propulsion; space research; avionics and instrumentation; aerodynamics, wind tunnel and computational fluid dynamics; structural analysis and finite element method; aerospace materials and manufacturing system; air safety and airworthiness; aircraft control system and stability; aircraft maintenance, overhauling, NDT and other technical tests; autonomous airborne systems; airborne defence systems; AI and ML applications in aerospace engineering; unmanned aerial vehicles and flight mechanics. The book will be useful for researchers and professionals in aerospace engineering and space science and technology.Classical Electrodynamics (Frontiers in Physics)
Par Julian Schwinger. 2024
Classical Electrodynamics captures Schwinger's inimitable lecturing style, in which everything flows inexorably from what has gone before. This anniversary edition…
offers a refreshing update while still maintaining Schwinger’s voice.The book provides the student with a thorough grounding in electrodynamics in particular, and in classical field theory in general. An essential resource for both physicists and their students, the book includes a Reader's Guide, which describes the major themes in each chapter, suggests a possible path through the book, and identifies topics for inclusion in, and exclusion from, a given course, depending on the instructor's preference.Carefully constructed problems complement the material of the text. Classical Electrodynamics should be of great value to all physicists, from first-year graduate students to senior researchers, and to all those interested in electrodynamics, field theory, and mathematical physics.The original text for the graduate classical electrodynamics course was left unfinished upon Julian Schwinger's death in 1994, but was completed by his former students and co-authors, who have brilliantly recreated the excitement of Schwinger's novel approach. This anniversary edition has been revised by one of those original co-authors, Kimball Milton.An Introduction to Astronomy and Astrophysics
Par Pankaj Jain. 2024
Astronomy is the field of science devoted to the study of astronomical objects, such as stars, galaxies, and nebulae. Astronomers…
have gathered a wealth of knowledge about the universe through hundreds of years of painstaking observations. These observations are interpreted by the use of physical and chemical laws familiar to mankind. These interpretations supply information about the nature of these astronomical objects, allowing for the deduction of their surface and interior conditions. The science associated with these interpretations is called astrophysics.An Introduction to Astronomy and Astrophysics offers a comprehensive introduction to astronomy and astrophysics, complete with illustrative examples and illuminating homework problems. Requiring a familiarity with basic physics and mathematics, this undergraduate-level textbook: Addresses key physics concepts relevant to stellar observations, including radiation, electromagnetic spectrum, photometry, continuous and discrete spectrum, and spectral lines. Describes instruments used for astronomical observations as well as how the radiation received is characterized and interpreted to determine the properties of stars. Examines the structure of stars, the basic equations that explain stars in equilibrium, and the fusion reactions occurring in stellar cores. Discusses the evolution of stars, the solar system, the dynamics of galaxies, and the fundamentals of modern cosmology. Explores the universe at high redshifts, where it is dominated by objects such as active galaxies. An Introduction to Astronomy and Astrophysics teaches students how to interpret the night sky, providing them with a critical understanding of the stars and sun, solar system, extrasolar planets, stars, and galaxies.The book is thoroughly revised to make it an essential textbook for students. The Second edition introduces the following changes: New solutions are provided at the end of all the chapters. The number of problems has increased. Major chapters have been considerably revised and new developments in this field have been introduced.Otherworldly Antarctica: Ice, Rock, and Wind at the Polar Extreme
Par Edmund Stump. 2024
With stunning original photographs, an Antarctic scientist and explorer takes us to one of the most sublime, remote, and pristine…
regions on the planet. The interior of Antarctica is an utterly pristine wilderness, a desolate landscape of ice, wind, and rock; a landscape so unfamiliar as to seem of another world. This place has been known to only a handful of early explorers and the few scientists fortunate enough to have worked there. Edmund Stump is one of the lucky few. Having climbed, photographed, and studied more of the continent-spanning Transantarctic Mountains than any other person on Earth, this geologist, writer, and photographer is uniquely suited to share these alien sights. With stories of Stump’s forty years of journeys and science, Otherworldly Antarctica contains 130 original color photographs, complemented by watercolors and sketches by artist Marlene Hill Donnelly. Over three chapters—on the ice, the rock, and the wind—we meet snowy paths first followed during Antarctica’s Heroic Age, climb the central spire of the Organ Pipe Peaks, peer into the crater of the volcanic Mount Erebus, and traverse Liv Glacier on snowmobile, while avoiding fatal falls into the blue interiors of hidden crevasses. Along the way, we see the beauty of granite, marble, and ice-cored moraines, meltwater ponds, lenticular clouds, icebergs, and glaciers. Many of Stump’s breathtaking images are aerial shots taken from the planes and helicopters that brought him to the interior. More were shot from vantages gained by climbing the mountains he studied. Some were taken from the summits of peaks. Many are of places no one had set foot before—or has since. All seem both permanent and precarious, connecting this otherworld to our fragile own.Computational Physics: Fortran Version
Par Steven E. Koonin. 2018
Computational Physics is designed to provide direct experience in the computer modeling of physical systems. Its scope includes the essential…
numerical techniques needed to "do physics" on a computer. Each of these is developed heuristically in the text, with the aid of simple mathematical illustrations. However, the real value of the book is in the eight Examples and Projects, where the reader is guided in applying these techniques to substantial problems in classical, quantum, or statistical mechanics. These problems have been chosen to enrich the standard physics curriculum at the advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate level. The book will also be useful to physicists, engineers, and chemists interested in computer modeling and numerical techniques. Although the user-friendly and fully documented programs are written in FORTRAN, a casual familiarity with any other high-level language, such as BASIC, PASCAL, or C, is sufficient. The codes in BASIC and FORTRAN are available on the web at http://www.computationalphysics.info. They are available in zip format, which can be expanded on UNIX, Window, and Mac systems with the proper software. The codes are suitable for use (with minor changes) on any machine with a FORTRAN-77 compatible compiler or BASIC compiler. The FORTRAN graphics codes are available as well. However, as they were originally written to run on the VAX, major modifications must be made to make them run on other machines.Heart of Darkness: Unraveling the Mysteries of the Invisible Universe (Princeton Science Library #148)
Par Jeremiah P. Ostriker, Simon Mitton. 2013
Humanity's ongoing quest to unlock the secrets of dark matter and dark energyHeart of Darkness describes the incredible saga of…
humankind's quest to unravel the deepest secrets of the universe. Over the past forty years, scientists have learned that two little-understood components—dark matter and dark energy—comprise most of the known cosmos, explain the growth of all cosmic structure, and hold the key to the universe's fate. The story of how evidence for the so-called "Lambda-Cold Dark Matter" model of cosmology has been gathered by generations of scientists throughout the world is told here by one of the pioneers of the field, Jeremiah Ostriker, and his coauthor Simon Mitton.From humankind's early attempts to comprehend Earth's place in the solar system, to astronomers' exploration of the Milky Way galaxy and the realm of the nebulae beyond, to the detection of the primordial fluctuations of energy from which all subsequent structure developed, this book explains the physics and the history of how the current model of our universe arose and has passed every test hurled at it by the skeptics. Throughout this rich story, an essential theme is emphasized: how three aspects of rational inquiry—the application of direct measurement and observation, the introduction of mathematical modeling, and the requirement that hypotheses should be testable and verifiable—guide scientific progress and underpin our modern cosmological paradigm.This monumental puzzle is far from complete, however, as scientists confront the mysteries of the ultimate causes of cosmic structure formation and the real nature and origin of dark matter and dark energy.The de Sitter: An Introduction to Elementary Systems and Modeling the Dark Energy Universe (Synthesis Lectures on Mathematics & Statistics)
Par Mohammad Enayati, Jean-Pierre Gazeau, Hamed Pejhan, Anzhong Wang. 2024
This Second Edition is a comprehensive update, integrating the latest research and theoretical advancements in the field of de Sitter…
(dS) group representations. Building on the success of the first edition, the book offers a more in-depth analysis of mathematical aspects, conceptual foundations, and practical implications related to the dS group, including its Lie manifold, Lie algebra, and co-adjoint orbits, viewing the latter as potential classical elementary systems within the context of dS spacetime. Additionally, the examination of unitary irreducible representations (UIRs) sheds light on the potential existence of quantum elementary systems within the dS spacetime framework. The authors emphasize consistency with Wigner's approach to elementary systems, incorporate Wigner's principles and exploring projective UIRs of the dS group, and provide a deeper insight into the nature of dS elementary systems. Particular attention is paid to: the “smooth” transition from classical to quantum theory, the physical content under vanishing curvature, and the thermal interpretation from a quantum perspective. The book also focuses on the physical interpretation of elementary systems in curved spacetimes, recognizing the limitations of traditional concepts derived from flat Minkowski spacetime and the Poincaré group.Digital Resilience: Navigating Disruption and Safeguarding Data Privacy (EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing)
Par Shishir Kumar Shandilya, Agni Datta, Yash Kartik, Atulya Nagar. 2024
This book offers an in-depth overview of digital resilience, defined as the ability of individuals, organizations, and societies to adapt…
to and counter various digital threats such as cyberattacks, data breaches, and other forms of cyber threats. Digital resilience not only enables proactive measures but also ensures fault-tolerant planning and design. The book elaborates on the necessary techniques and methods to achieve digital resilience. Key methodologies, including quantum computing, post-quantum cryptography, nature-inspired cybersecurity, zero-trust systems, zero-knowledge proofs, multi-party computation, and the emerging field of space security, are discussed in detail. The book provides insights into artificial intelligence and machine learning, examining their impact on society and organizations. It critically analyses the role of cybersecurity in businesses, emphasizing its importance for safety and economic stability. In addition, the book discusses notable cyber incidents, offering valuable insights into digital resilience. It serves as a comprehensive compilation, featuring key terms, definitions, case studies, and references to existing literature and research in cybersecurity, analytics, information sciences, future computing, digital resilience, and related fields.In Search of Captain Zero: A Surfer's Road Trip Beyond the End of the Road
Par Allan Weisbecker. 2001
In 1996, Allan Weisbecker sold his home and his possessions, loaded his dog and surfboards into his truck, and set…
off in search of his long-time surfing companion, Patrick, who had vanished into the depths of Central America. In this rollicking memoir of his quest from Mexico to Costa Rica to unravel the circumstances of Patrick's disappearance, Weisbecker intimately describes the people he befriended, the bandits he evaded, the waves he caught and lost en route to finding his friend. In Search of Captain Zero is, according to Outside magazine, "A subtly affecting tale of friendship and duty. [It] deserves a spot on the microbus dashboard as a hell of a cautionary tale about finding paradise and smoking it away."In Search of Captain Zero: A Surfer's Road Trip Beyond the End of the Road is a Booksense 76 Top Ten selection for September/October.Did you know that the number of atoms in a cookie is about the same number of stars in the…
universe? Geoff Engelstein tackles the big questions of the universe and how it works using the sweet and simple chocolate cookie as guide. By exploring what goes into the cookie—the ingredients and the steps—we learn about how everything works, from the tiny world of subatomic particles to galactic clusters. Topics include: The Big Bang Explained with Chocolate ChipsQuantum Mechanics Explained with Milk and CookiesChaos Explained with VanillaAnd more!Filled with fascinating facts and laugh-out-loud moments, it's a richly visual and deeply fascinating scientific exploration of the world. And cookies.Beams: The Story of Particle Accelerators and the Science They Discover (Copernicus Books)
Par Volker Ziemann. 2024
This book describes and explains the world of particle accelerators and the physics they study. The presentation is non-technical (E=mc2 is the…
only equation!) and the prose accessible. By following the co-evolution of particle accelerators and particle physics, readers will learn why the accelerators are built, how they work, and what "results" they produce. The book highlights the great ideas (e.g. synchrotron) and technological advances (superconducting magnets) that boosted the potential of accelerators and led to new discoveries, eventually resulting in the standard model of particle physics. Many concepts are illustrated with figures derived from three-dimensional models; these include theaccelerators, detectors, and particles. Background information about the main protagonists, along with pointers to further reading, e.g. from "Scientific American," are provided in endnotes.Advances in Geoinformatics Technologies: Facilities and Utilities Optimization and Management for Smart City Applications (Earth and Environmental Sciences Library)
Par Ram Narayan Yadava, Muhamad Uznir Ujang. 2024
There are many GIS products for smart cities to implement smart city projects or activities. Most of the Geoinformatics Technologies…
and its application books are theoretical and lack of examples with real world data and step by step explanations to understand the facilities and utilities optimization and management for smart city applications and socio-economic aspects.This book focuses and discusses topics related to how technological advances in Geoinformatics can help in the management operations of smart city applications to help our environment to be smart. Specifically, the volume focuses on how these advancements can help optimize and manage facilities and utilities. This book focuses on geoinformation modelling, geo-smart city applications, geoinformation technology, information system and computer science, and geolocation and positioning as its five primary areas of discussion. Each of these primary subjects delves into the application that uses geoinformatics technology in greater depth. This covers the use of Geoinformatics technology in the prevention of crime, coastal erosion, carbon emission modelling, landslide modelling, urban farming, and various other applications linked to the field. This book's objective is to provide a comprehensive review of the accomplishments that geoinformatics has made in a number of different application areas for smart cities. It covers Geoinformation Technologies, Geoinformation Modelling, Information System and Computer Science, Geolocation & Positioning, and Geo-Smart City Applications.The book will be useful to graduate students, university faculty, and researchers in Geoinformatics sciences/engineering and architecture and town planning. It will also be useful to entrepreneurs, professionals, and planners in policy and decision making at the local, state and national levels.This book explains different phenomena that occur in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs (NFRs) of carbonate rocks neighboring a salt structure and…
how it affects well drilling. Prediction of carbonate pore pressure is difficult; therefore, a new set of pore pressure equations for carbonates were developed, accounting for overpressure and depleted conditions. A detailed description of a fully coupled model is shown in order to discuss geomechanics and the coupling of fluid flow in porous media and to achieve a better representation of the mechanics involved in the exploitation of NFRs. Additionally, results of a new model of geomechanics in vuggy carbonate reservoirs are presented. This book also displays a wide discussion, analysis, and numerical implementation of six different salt rheology models. Furthermore, the most representative rheology salt models were studied aside with the fully coupled model of geomechanics and fluid flow in porous media. Finally, it presents an answer to areal case of a well drilled near a salt diapir where anomalous pore pressure was found.