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Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics
Par P. Mazur, S. R. Groot. 1984
The study of thermodynamics is especially timely today, as its concepts are being applied to problems in biology, biochemistry, electrochemistry,…
and engineering. This book treats irreversible processes and phenomena -- non-equilibrium thermodynamics.S. R. de Groot and P. Mazur, Professors of Theoretical Physics, present a comprehensive and insightful survey of the foundations of the field, providing the only complete discussion of the fluctuating linear theory of irreversible thermodynamics. The application covers a wide range of topics: the theory of diffusion and heat conduction, fluid dynamics, relaxation phenomena, acoustical relaxation, and the behavior of systems in an electromagnetic field.The statistical foundations of non-equilibrium thermodynamics are treated in detail, and there are special sections on fluctuation theory, the theory of stochastic processes, the kinetic theory of gases, and the derivation of the Onsager reciprocal relations. The implications of causality conditions and of dispersion relations are analyzed in depth.Advanced students will find a great number of challenging problems, with hints for their solutions. Chemists will be especially interested in the applications to electrochemistry and the theory of chemical reactions. Physicists, teachers, scholars, biologists, and anyone interested in the principle and modern applications of non-equilibrium thermodynamics will find this classic monograph an invaluable reference.Teaching Environmental Health to Children
Par David W. Hursh, Hilarie B. Davis, Camille A. Martina, Michael A. Trush. 2010
Every day we are exposed to toxins and toxicants that can impact our health. Yet we rarely teach elementary and…
secondary students about these exposures and how they can reduce their risk to them. In this book we highlight activities and curriculum developed at nine universities in the United States from a grant funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Our goal is to extend these lessons to a global audience and for classroom teachers of all subjects and age levels to include environmental health in their teaching. 'An invaluable tool for equipping informed citizens to think about the environment and its human impacts --both the science, and equally important, the social and ethical dimensions' , Howard Frumkin, M.D., Dr. P.H., Dean, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USAFoundations of Laser Spectroscopy
Par Stig Stenholm. 2005
One of the first texts to offer a simple presentation of the theoretical foundations of steady-state laser spectroscopy, this volume…
is geared toward beginning theorists and experimentalists. It assists students in applying theoretical ideas to actual calculations in laser spectroscopy with a systematic series of examples and exercises. Starting at an elementary level, students gradually build up their practical skills with demonstrations of how simplified theoretical models relate to experimentally observable quantities. Detailed derivations offer students the opportunity to work out all results for themselves.The first chapter introduces background material on electrodynamics and quantum mechanics, with an emphasis on the density matrix, its equation of motion, and its interpretation. Chapter 2 derives the response of the medium to strong fields. After mastering these two parts, students can proceed to later chapters in any order they wish. Succeeding chapters cover the physical basis of laser operation, applications central to laser spectroscopy, the inclusion of laser fluctuations into the theory, and field quantization. Numerous references, which appear in separate sections, form a concise history of the field and its most noteworthy developments.Mathematical Methods for Physicists and Engineers: Second Corrected Edition
Par Royal Eugene Collins. 1999
This practical, highly readable text provides physics and engineering students with the essential mathematical tools for thorough comprehension of their…
disciplines. Featuring all the necessary topics in applied mathematics in the form of programmed instruction, the text can be understood by advanced undergraduates and beginning graduate students without any assistance from the instructor. Topics include elementary vector calculus, matrix algebra, and linear vector operations; the many and varied methods of solving linear boundary value problems, including the more common special functions of mathematical physics; the calculus of variations, and variational and perturbation approximations applicable to boundary value problems and nonlinear differential equations; curve fitting and numerical approximation methods; the basic elements of probability and their application to physical problems; and integral equations. Rather than aiming at a complete mastery of these complicated subjects, the text focuses on the fundamental applied mathematics the student needs to deal with physics and engineering problems. Instructors in those subjects will particularly appreciate this volume's function as a self-contained study resource, allowing them to devote fewer classroom hours to formal lectures in mathematics.Lasers and Holography
Par Winston E. Kock. 1969
As the words holo (complete) and gram (message) connote, the hologram captures the entire message of a scene in all…
its visual properties, including the realism of three dimensions. It involves the simple process of photographically recording the pattern formed by two interfering sets of light waves, one of these sets being a reference wave. With the introduction of lasers to holography in 1963, real advances in the development of holography began to take place.Dr. Kock's lucid introduction to lasers and holography has now been revised and updated for a second edition. It begins with a clear discussion of wave patterns and coherence. Then the development of lasers is summarized, along with the phenomenon of wave diffraction. Finally, the important subjects of zone plates and the properties of holograms are skillfully described. A new, concluding chapter brings the story up to the present, with a survey of recent advances in such areas as viewing holograms, hologram computer memories, liquid surface holography, synthetic-aperture radar and sonar, large new lasers, fiber optics, etc. Using language that can be readily understood by high school and junior high school students, Dr. Kock has written a brief, yet authoritative volume that should satisfy anyone's curiosity about this burgeoning field. The remarkable discoveries that have already occurred are only a prelude to an even more remarkable future. 84 illustrations, including 8 new to this edition. New preface. Suggested (1981) additional reading. Index.Wat elke professional over verslaving moet weten: Canon Verslaving
Par Jaap van der Stel. 2007
Dit boek is onmisbaar voor alle personen die zich professioneel of in lerende of opleidende rol in of…
rond de verslavingszorg bewegen Het is een unieke publicatie op gebied van kennisoverdracht bekwaamheidsontwikkeling onderwijs en opleiding Dit gedegen overzicht van de belangrijkste onderdelen van verslaving en verslavingszorg kan beschouwd worden als canon en tegelijkertijd als body of knowledge van dit vakgebied De focus is in dit boek gericht op gebruik misbruik en afhankelijkheid van psychoactieve stoffen met name op alcohol hero ne coca ne en cannabis Hoewel de verslavingszorg in Nederland al meer dan een eeuw bestaat is er niet eerder een handleiding verschenen dat specifiek voor het hoger onderwijs m n HBO is geschreven Aan dit boek liggen geselecteerde teksten - tientallen artikelen handboeken richtlijnen en literatuurstudies - ten grondslag die qua actualiteit leesbaarheid en empirische onderbouwing voldoen aan de hoge normen die de Raad voor Bekwaamheidsontwikkeling stelt Deze Raad heeft de opdracht om moderne verslavingskunde te bevorderen in opleidingen trainingen en na- en bijscholing van professionals in de gezondheidszorg De handleiding kent 4 hoofdstukken Middelen gebruik en gebruikerMisbruik en verslavingMaatschappelijke gevolgen en overheidsbeleidBehandeling en begeleiding bij verslavingOm ruimte te besparen wordt in de tekst verwezen naar websites wanneer daar uitmuntende en actuele overzichten en praktische informatie over hulpverlening staanAssessment of Autism Spectrum Disorder, Second Edition
Par Sally Ozonoff, Sam Goldstein. 2018
This authoritative resource, now thoroughly revised for DSM-5, has set the standard for the comprehensive assessment of autism spectrum disorder…
(ASD). Leading experts demonstrate how to craft a scientifically grounded profile of each child’s strengths and difficulties, make a formal diagnosis, and use assessment data to guide individualized intervention in clinical and school settings. Chapters review state-of-the-art instruments and approaches for evaluating specific areas of impairment in ASD and co-occurring emotional and behavioral disorders. Considerations in working with children of different ages are highlighted. With a primary focus on children, several chapters also address assessment of adolescents and adults. New to This Edition *Chapter on key implications of DSM-5 diagnostic criteria, plus related updates throughout the volume. *Chapter on advances in early identification (ages 0–3). *Chapter with in-depth case examples illustrating the evaluation decision-making process and common diagnostic challenges. *Chapters on pseudoscience (including strategies for advising parents) and future directions in the field. *Current assessment data, numerous new and revised measures, and cutting-edge screening approaches.Principles of Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
Par D. F. Lawden. 1987
A thorough exploration of the universal principles of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, this volume explains the applications of these essential…
rules to a multitude of situations arising in physics and engineering. It develops their use in a variety of circumstances--including those involving gases, crystals, and magnets--in order to illustrate general methods of analysis and to provide readers with all the necessary background to continue in greater depth with specific topics.Author D. F. Lawden has considerable experience in teaching this subject to university students of varied abilities and backgrounds. Well acquainted with which concepts and arguments sometimes prove problematic, he presents the potentially difficult sections with particular care. Students can supplement their understanding by working through the numerous exercises which appear throughout the text. Mathematical physicists will find this volume of particular value, as will engineers requiring a basic but comprehensive introduction to the principles of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics.Electromagnetism
Par John C. Slater, Nathaniel H. Frank. 1947
Clearly developed from first principles, this introductory study supplies basic material on electrostatics and magnetostatics, then concentrates on electromagnetic theory…
-- the authors are both leading men in the field. The book ranges freely over many areas of electromagnetic theory with some concern for electrical engineering. It covers the field theory of electromagnetism, electrostatics and the equations and theorems of Gauss, Poisson, Laplace and Green, solutions of Laplace's equation, dielectrics, magnetic fields of linear and circular currents, electromagnetic induction and Maxwell's equations, electromagnetic waves, electron theory, wave guides and cavity resonators, spherical electromagnetic waves, Huygen's principle and Green's theorem, and Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction. Practice problems are supplied at chapter ends.Physicists and engineers will find this presentation particularly useful; but mathematicians have also used the book not only as an introduction to electromagnetism, but also as a means to an increased knowledge of the aims and tools of theoretical physics. The only background required to follow the development is a knowledge of the calculus and differential equations. More advanced mathematics is developed in appendixes.Philosophic Foundations of Quantum Mechanics
Par Hans Reichenbach. 1944
Physics concerns direct analysis of the physical world, while philosophy analyzes knowledge about the physical world. This volume combines both…
disciplines for a philosophical interpretation of quantum physics -- an interpretation free from the imprecision of metaphysics, offering a view of the atomic world and its quantum mechanical results as concrete as the visible everyday world.Written by an internationally renowned philosopher who specialized in symbolic logic and the theory of relativity, this approach consists of three parts. The first section, which requires no background in math or physics, reviews the basics of quantum mechanics, outlining their philosophical interpretation and summarizing their results. The second part, which presupposes a knowledge of calculus, outlines the mathematical methods of quantum mechanics; and the third part blends the philosophical ideas of the first part and the mathematical formulations of the second part to develop a variety of interpretations of quantum mechanics. The author presents in-depth discussions of each interpretation, constructing a conclusion in terms of three-valued logic that offers readers a satisfactory logical form of quantum mechanics.Focusing on clarification of concepts rather than developing problem-solving skills, this volume will prove enlightening to students of mathematics, physics, and the other sciences.The Lightning Discharge
Par Martin A. Uman. 2001
In this readable, absorbing, up-to-date monograph, one of the nation's foremost experts on lightning sets forth most of what has…
been learned about the subject. To make the material more easily understandable, the author has organized the chapters primarily by lightning process. Following a general introduction and chapters on lightning phenomenology and cloud and lightning charges, he looks into the types and stages of lightning, with chapters on the stepped leader, the attachment process, the return stroke, the dart leader, continuing current, J- and K-processes in discharges to the ground, positive lightning, upward lightning and the artificial initiation of lightning, and cloud discharges. In the final two chapters, Dr. Uman investigates lightning on other planets and examines the phenomenon of thunder.Each chapter contains a reference list, and the book as a whole is augmented with a generous selection of diagrams, charts, and photographs. Appendices on electromagnetics, statistics, and experimental techniques help to clarify some of the concepts covered in the text. A fourth appendix lists relevant books. Of special interest to physicists, meteorologists, and electrical engineers, the newly corrected edition of this detailed study offers a deep understanding of one of nature's most intriguing phenomena. 144 illustrations. Appendices. Index.Digital Pathology
Par Keith J. Kaplan, Luigi K. F. Rao. 2016
Digital Pathology: Historical Perspectives, Current Concepts & Future Applications provides the authoritative text in the digital pathology domain by combining…
the established expertise of leaders in this diverse arena with practical applications of this transformative platform while harnessing a content rich, interactive format. In detailing a cohesive narrative from a broad, global perspective the lessons learned from the past, the obstacles to digital pathology adoption that have been overcome and the challenges that remain for full realization of the potential that computational analysis affords, this text provides readers with the latest in where the field is heading as it seeks to unlock the potential of digital pathology by leveraging cutting edge technologies and innovative tools. Digital Pathology: Historical Perspectives, Current Concepts & Future Applications will be of great value to Pathologists including Translational Researchers and Informaticists, Pathology Trainees including Residents and Informatics Fellows, Healthcare CMIOs and CIOs, Bioimaging Engineers and Computer Vision Scientists, as well as Laboratory Information Technologists.Nutritional Management of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Par Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan. 2016
This book is a state-of-the art review for clinicians and dieticians with an interest in nutrition and inflammatory bowel diseases…
(Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis). The volume covers new data about dietary risk factors for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, examines the association between diet and microbiome, describes the various diets in the management of these diseases, and discusses macro- and micronutrient deficiency that occurs in such patients. The book also examines the management of patients on total parenteral nutrition, and management of the short gut syndrome with TPN and novel pharmacologic therapies. Written by experts in their fields, Nutritional Management of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Comprehensive Guide is a valuable and uniquely specialized resource for gastroenterologists, nutritionists, primary care physicians, and other health care providers and researchers dealing with the management of these complex illnesses.Ethical Issues in Prison Psychiatry
Par Birgit Völlm, David N. Weisstub, Norbert Konrad. 2014
Recent surveys demonstrate a high and possibly increasing prevalence of mental disorders in prisoners. They have an increased risk of…
suffering from a mental disorder that transcends countries and diagnoses. Ethical dilemmas in prison psychiatry arise from resource allocation and include issues of patient choice and autonomy in an inherently coercive environment. Ethical conflicts may arise from the dual role of forensic psychiatrists giving raise to tensions between patient care/protection of the public.This book describes models and ethical issues of psychiatric healthcare in prison in several countries. Relevant issues are: the professional medical role of a psychiatrist and/or psychotherapist working in prison, the involvement of psychiatrists in disciplinary or coercive measures; consent to treatment, the use of coercion in forcing a prisoner to undergo treatment, hunger strike, confidentiality. The book ends with consensus guidelines concerning good practice in Prison Psychiatry.Variational Principles in Dynamics and Quantum Theory
Par Wolfgang Yourgrau, Stanley Mandelstam. 1968
Concentrating upon applications that are most relevant to modern physics, this valuable book surveys variational principles and examines their relationship…
to dynamics and quantum theory. Stressing the history and theory of these mathematical concepts rather than the mechanics, the authors provide many insights into the development of quantum mechanics and present much hard-to-find material in a remarkably lucid, compact form.After summarizing the historical background from Pythagoras to Francis Bacon, Professors Yourgrau and Mandelstram cover Fermat's principle of least time, the principle of least action of Maupertuis, development of this principle by Euler and Lagrange, and the equations of Lagrange and Hamilton. Equipped by this thorough preparation to treat variational principles in general, they proceed to derive Hamilton's principle, the Hamilton-Jacobi equation, and Hamilton's canonical equations.An investigation of electrodynamics in Hamiltonian form covers next, followed by a resume of variational principles in classical dynamics. The authors then launch into an analysis of their most significant topics: the relation between variational principles and wave mechanics, and the principles of Feynman and Schwinger in quantum mechanics. Two concluding chapters extend the discussion to hydrodynamics and natural philosophy.Professional physicists, mathematicians, and advanced students with a strong mathematical background will find this stimulating volume invaluable reading. Extremely popular in its hardcover edition, this volume will find even wider appreciation in its first fine inexpensive paperbound edition.Electromagnetic Fields and Waves
Par Vladimir Rojansky. 1971
Intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, this well-known and popular textbook provides an introduction to the physical principles, mathematical…
apparatus, and typical applications of classical electromagnetic theory. Beginning with the notion of scalar fields, Professor Rojansky leads the student through vectors and vector fields, the laws of Ohm, Joule, Coulomb, and Faraday, static electricity, and continues all the way to Maxwell's equations for bodies at rest, and to examples of electromagnetic waves. A particularly useful feature of the book is the author's introduction and explanation of the necessary mathematics as he goes along, rather than presuming student understanding. Although an extensive background is not necessary, a general knowledge of physics and calculus is a prerequisite. Throughout the book, the development of each topic is explicit and unhurried, an approach intended to avoid basic misconceptions that lead to major misunderstandings later on. Short exercises help the student test his grasp of the material, and the text is studded with diagrams and illustrations that supplement the content and elucidate many hard-to-visualize concepts. The book ends at a point where the use of Maxwell's equations in several important problems has been illustrated, and students are prepared to proceed to a variety of further topics. Professor Rojansky brings many years of experience both as a teacher and a scientist (including ten years of advanced research at TRW Space Technologies Laboratories) to this lucid discussion of the fundamentals of electromagnetic fields and waves. His extensive pedagogical background enables him to communicate difficult concepts with great clarity.The Caregivers
Par Nell Lake. 2014
A moving, intimate, and compassionate book that chronicles the experiences of a group of long-term caregivers and illuminates critical issues…
of old age, end-of-life care, medical reform, and social policy In 2010, journalist Nell Lake began sitting in on the weekly meetings of a local hospital's caregivers support group. Soon members invited her into their lives. For two years, she brought empathy, insight, and an eye for detail to understanding Penny, a fifty-year-old botanist caring for her aging mother; Daniel, a survivor of Nazi Germany who tends his ailing wife; William, whose wife suffers from Alzheimer's; and others with whom all caregivers will identify. Witnessing acts of devotion and frustration, lessons in patience and in letting go, Lake illuminates the intimate exchanges of caregiving and carereceiving. Her work considers important and timely social issues with humanity, warmth, and concern: How can we care for the aging, ill, and dying with skill and compassion, even as the costs and labors of care increase? How might the medical profession take into account the needs of caregivers as well as patients? Nell Lake understands that broad policy questions are experienced personally, in the daily, difficult but rewarding lives of caregivers everywhere. The Caregivers is a thoughtful and tenderly reported depiction of the real-life predicaments that evoke these crucial questions. With more and more people spending their late years ill and frail, and 43 million Americans caring for family members over age fifty, The Caregivers is an important chronicle of a widely shared experience and a public concern. It offers a humane, realistic, and life-affirming portrait of what it means to give and receive love.The Theory of Sound, Volume One
Par J. W. Rayleigh. 1945
The Nobel Laureate's classic sums up all research in the field prior to 1877, then presents Rayleigh's own original contributions.Volume…
One covers harmonic vibrations, systems with one degree of freedom, vibrating systems in general, transverse vibrations of strings, longitudinal and torsional vibrations of bars, vibrations of membranes and plates, curved shells and plates, and electrical vibrations.How Modeling Can Inform Strategies to Improve Population Health: Workshop Summary
Par National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, Medicine. 2016
In April 2015, the Institute of Medicine convened a workshop to explore the potential uses of simulation and other types…
of modeling for the purpose of selecting and refining potential strategies, ranging from interventions to investments, to improve the health of communities and the nation's health. Participants worked to identify how modeling could inform population health decision making based on lessons learned from models that have been, or have not been, used successfully, opportunities and barriers to incorporating models into decision making, and data needs and opportunities to leverage existing data and to collect new data for modeling. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from this workshop.Rechtsfragen der Obduktion und postmortalen Gewebespende
Par Albrecht Wienke, Kathrin Janke, Markus A. Rothschild. 2011
Bei über 95 % aller Verstorbenen in Deutschland bestehen nach wie vor keine autoptisch gesicherten Erkenntnisse über die eigentliche Todesursache…
und etwaige Begleiterkrankungen. Die auf einer solchen unsicheren Datenlage beruhenden gesundheitspolitischen Entscheidungen zu Disease-Management-Programmen, zu Prävention und strukturellen Maßnahmen der Krankenversorgung entsprechen damit nicht der erforderlichen Evidenz. Dies hat zugleich negative Auswirkungen auf die Qualität ärztlicher Diagnostik und Therapie und somit auf die Patientensicherheit. Zudem machen es die sehr unterschiedlichen Rechtsgrundlagen in den Landesgesetzen über das Leichen-, Bestattungs- und Friedhofswesen den betroffenen Angehörigen und den Mediziner in der praktischen Umsetzung der oft widerstreitenden Interessen nicht leicht. Die klinische und anatomische Sektion ist nach derzeit allgemeiner Meinung auch im wissenschaftlichen Interesse oder zu Ausbildungszwecken ohne Zustimmung des Verstorbenen oder seiner Angehörigen unzulässig. Die medizinische Forschungs- und Ausbildungssituation wird durch diese Zustimmungslösung nachhaltig beeinträchtigt; eine erweiterte Widerspruchslösung könnte hierbei viele Hindernisse in der praktischen Handhabung beseitigen. Die DGMR hat sich in ihren aktuellen Empfehlungen daher für eine gesetzliche Abkopplung der postmortalen Gewebespende von der Organtransplantation im Transplantationsgesetz ausgesprochen, um die seit Jahren niedrige Obduktionsquote in Deutschland nachhaltig zu verbessern. Der vorliegende Tagungsband gibt die Referate und die Empfehlungen der DGMR zur Obduktion und postmortalen Gewebespende wieder.