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This book presents a new way of thinking about quantum mechanics and machine learning by merging the two. Quantum mechanics…
and machine learning may seem theoretically disparate, but their link becomes clear through the density matrix operator which can be readily approximated by neural network models, permitting a formulation of quantum physics in which physical observables can be computed via neural networks. As well as demonstrating the natural affinity of quantum physics and machine learning, this viewpoint opens rich possibilities in terms of computation, efficient hardware, and scalability. One can also obtain trainable models to optimize applications and fine-tune theories, such as approximation of the ground state in many body systems, and boosting quantum circuits’ performance. The book begins with the introduction of programming tools and basic concepts of machine learning, with necessary background material from quantum mechanics and quantum information also provided. This enables the basic building blocks, neural network models for vacuum states, to be introduced. The highlights that follow include: non-classical state representations, with squeezers and beam splitters used to implement the primary layers for quantum computing; boson sampling with neural network models; an overview of available quantum computing platforms, their models, and their programming; and neural network models as a variational ansatz for many-body Hamiltonian ground states with applications to Ising machines and solitons. The book emphasizes coding, with many open source examples in Python and TensorFlow, while MATLAB and Mathematica routines clarify and validate proofs. This book is essential reading for graduate students and researchers who want to develop both the requisite physics and coding knowledge to understand the rich interplay of quantum mechanics and machine learning.Fundamentals of NMR and MRI: From Quantum Principles to Medical Applications
Par Fatemeh Khashami. 2024
This book bridges the gap between physical foundations and medical applications of the NMR and MRI technologies, making them accessible…
to both physicists and biomedical scientists. The physical basis of these technologies is discussed in a manner that can be easily understood by scientists from different backgrounds, aiding them in gaining a clearer understanding of the subject.. For instance, the medical applications of NMR and MRI technologies are described in a way that is accessible to physicists. Moreover, geometrical descriptions and specific mathematical tools are used to facilitate the visualizations of many concepts. Furthermore, the book covers modern technologies such as hyperpolarization and several other state-of-the-art techniques, along with their foundations.Advanced Methods of Joint Inversion and Fusion of Multiphysics Data (Advances in Geological Science)
Par Michael S. Zhdanov. 2023
Different physical or geophysical methods provide information about distinctive physical properties of the objects, e.g., rock formations and mineralization. In…
many cases, this information is mutually complementary, which makes it natural for consideration in a joint inversion of the multiphysics data. Inversion of the observed data for a particular experiment is subject to considerable uncertainty and ambiguity. One productive approach to reducing uncertainty is to invert several types of data jointly. Nonuniqueness can also be reduced by incorporating additional information derived from available a priori knowledge about the target to reduce the search space for the solution. This additional information can be incorporated in the form of a joint inversion of multiphysics data.Generally established joint inversion methods, however, are inadequate for incorporating typical physical or geological complexity. For example, analytic, empirical, or statistical correlations between different physical properties may exist for only part of the model, and their specific form may be unknown. Features or structures that are present in the data of one physical method may not be present in the data generated by another physical method or may not be equally resolvable.This book presents and illustrates several advanced, new approaches to joint inversion and data fusion, which do not require a priori knowledge of specific empirical or statistical relationships between the different model parameters or their attributes. These approaches include the following novel methods, among others: 1) the Gramian method, which enforces the correlation between different parameters; 2) joint total variation functional or joint focusing stabilizers, e.g., minimum support and minimum gradient support constraints; 3) data fusion employing a joint minimum entropy stabilizer, which yields the simplest multiphysics solution that fits the multi-modal data. In addition, the book describes the principles of using artificial intelligence (AI) in solving multiphysics inverse problems. The book also presents in detail both the mathematical principles of these advanced approaches to joint inversion of multiphysics data and successful case histories of regional-scale and deposit-scale geophysical studies to illustrate their indicated advantages.The Milky Way: An Autobiography of Our Galaxy
Par Moiya McTier. 2022
In this approachable and fascinating biography of the galaxy, an astrophysicist and folklorist details everything humans have discovered—from the Milky…
Way's formation to its eventual death, and what else there is to learn about the universe we call home. After a few billion years of bearing witness to life on Earth, of watching one hundred billion humans go about their day-to-day lives, of feeling unbelievably lonely, and of hearing its own story told by others, The Milky Way would like a chance to speak for itself. All one hundred billion stars and fifty undecillion tons of gas of it. It all began some thirteen billion years ago, when clouds of gas scattered through the universe's primordial plasma just could not keep their metaphorical hands off each other. They succumbed to their gravitational attraction, and the galaxy we know as the Milky Way was born. Since then, the galaxy has watched as dark energy pushed away its first friends, as humans mythologized its name and purpose, and as galactic archaeologists have worked to determine its true age (rude). The Milky Way has absorbed supermassive (an actual technical term) black holes, made enemies of a few galactic neighbors, and mourned the deaths of countless stars. Our home galaxy has even fallen in love. After all this time, the Milky Way finally feels that it's amassed enough experience for the juicy tell-all we've all been waiting for. Its fascinating autobiography recounts the history and future of the universe in accessible but scientific detail, presenting a summary of human astronomical knowledge thus far that is unquestionably out of this world. NAMED A BEST BOOK OF 2022 BY PUBLISHERS WEEKLY AND SCIENCENET NAMED A BEST AUDIOBOOK OF 2022 BY BOOKPAGETaking the Quantum Leap: The New Physics for Nonscientists
Par Fred A. Wolf. 1981
World renowned physicist Fred Alan Wolf explains the scientific concepts of quantum mechanics in accessible language for nonscientists.Winner of the…
National Book AwardTaking the Quantum Leap entertainingly traces the history of physics from the observations of the early Greeks through the discoveries of Galileo and Newton to the dazzling theories of such scientists as Planck, Einstein, Bohr, and Bohm. This humanized view of science opens up the mind-stretching visions of how quantum mechanics, God, human thought, and will are related, and provides profound implications for our understanding of the nature of reality and our relationship to the cosmos.“The prose, indeed, is exhilarating, and exhibits a passion to explain—humorously . . . Wolf provides commendable explanations of visions and revisions of atomic models; he is fin, in particular, on the Uncertainty Principle . . . Enjoy the book for its bravura.” —Kirkus ReviewsThis book focuses in detail on data science and data analysis and emphasizes the importance of data engineering and data…
management in the design of big data applications. The author uses patterns discovered in a collection of big data applications to provide design principles for hypothesis generation, integrating big data processing and management, machine learning and data mining techniques. The book proposes and explains innovative principles for interpreting hypotheses by integrating micro-explanations (those based on the explanation of analytical models and individual decisions within them) with macro-explanations (those based on applied processes and model generation). Practical case studies are used to demonstrate how hypothesis-generation and -interpretation technologies work. These are based on “social infrastructure” applications like in-bound tourism, disaster management, lunar and planetary exploration, and treatment of infectious diseases. The novel methods and technologies proposed in Hypothesis Generation and Interpretation are supported by the incorporation of historical perspectives on science and an emphasis on the origin and development of the ideas behind their design principles and patterns. Academic investigators and practitioners working on the further development and application of hypothesis generation and interpretation in big data computing, with backgrounds in data science and engineering, or the study of problem solving and scientific methods or who employ those ideas in fields like machine learning will find this book of considerable interest.Optical Fiber Current and Voltage Sensors (Series in Fiber Optic Sensors)
Par Klaus Bohnert. 2024
Optical Fiber Current and Voltage Sensors is the first book to provide a complete, comprehensive and up to date treatment…
of the domain of fiber optic and polarimetric sensors, covering fundamental operating principles, characteristics, and construction. Written by one of the most recognised experts in polarimetric sensing, Optical Fiber Current and Voltage Sensors begins by covering the fundamentals of polarized light, as well as essential sensor components. The author then goes on to outline various sensor types and their applications, with a focus on sensors for electric phenomena. The chapters then lay out the demands that sensors need to meet, the technical obstacles and limitations which need to be considered. The book also covers comparisons to corresponding traditional instruments, as well as covering alternative non-conventional sensors. This book will be of interest to a broad audience of prospective readers ranging from graduate research students, to researchers in physics and engineering fields, to industry professionals active in the field who wish to learn about the technology and/or are interested in the development of new commercial solutions based on polarimetric-type fiber sensing as well as their use for high voltage current and voltage sensing.Scattering Amplitudes in Quantum Field Theory (Lecture Notes in Physics #1021)
Par Simon Badger, Johannes Henn, Jan Christoph Plefka, Simone Zoia. 2024
This open access book bridges a gap between introductory Quantum Field Theory (QFT) courses and state-of-the-art research in scattering amplitudes.…
It covers the path from basic definitions of QFT to amplitudes, which are relevant for processes in the Standard Model of particle physics. The book begins with a concise yet self-contained introduction to QFT, including perturbative quantum gravity. It then presents modern methods for calculating scattering amplitudes, focusing on tree-level amplitudes, loop-level integrands and loop integration techniques. These methods help to reveal intriguing relations between gauge and gravity amplitudes and are of increasing importance for obtaining high-precision predictions for collider experiments, such as those at the Large Hadron Collider, as well as for foundational mathematical physics studies in QFT, including recent applications to gravitational wave physics.These course-tested lecture notes include numerous exercises with solutions. Requiring only minimal knowledge of QFT, they are well-suited for MSc and PhD students as a preparation for research projects in theoretical particle physics. They can be used as a one-semester graduate level course, or as a self-study guide for researchers interested in fundamental aspects of quantum field theory.The Goldilocks Enigma: Why Is the Universe Just Right for Life?
Par Paul Davies. 2007
An acclaimed physicist and cosmologist considers the multiverse and more: &“Very readable indeed . . . This is Doctor Who, but for real.&” —TheGuardianThe…
Goldilocks Enigma is Paul Davies&’s eagerly awaited return to cosmology, the successor to his critically acclaimed bestseller The Mind of God. Here he tackles all the &“big questions,&” including the biggest of them all: Why does the universe seem so well adapted for life? In his characteristically clear and elegant style, Davies shows how recent scientific discoveries point to a perplexing fact: many different aspects of the cosmos, from the properties of the humble carbon atom to the speed of light, seem tailor-made to produce life. A radical new theory says it&’s because our universe is just one of an infinite number of universes, each one slightly different. Our universe is bio-friendly by accident—we just happened to win the cosmic jackpot. While this &“multiverse&” theory is compelling, it has bizarre implications, such as the existence of infinite copies of each of us and Matrix-like simulated universes. And it still leaves a lot unexplained. Davies believes there&’s a more satisfying solution to the problem of existence: the observations we make today could help shape the nature of reality in the remote past. If this is true, then life—and, ultimately, consciousness—aren&’t just incidental byproducts of nature, but central players in the evolution of the universe. Whether he&’s elucidating dark matter or dark energy, M-theory or the multiverse, Davies brings the leading edge of science into sharp focus, provoking us to think about the cosmos and our place within it in new and thrilling ways.Survival Guide Wissenschaft: (Über-)Lebenstipps für akademische Karrieren
Par Kai Noeske, Benjamin Rott, Katrin Hille. 2023
Survival Guide Wissenschaft – der unverzichtbare Begleiter für angehende Wissenschaftler:innen! Wertvolle Ratschläge, bewährte Strategien und Insiderwissen aus vielen Jahrzehnten akademischer…
Laufbahnen mit Kurven, Ecken und Kanten. Tipps und Tricks, Dos and Don’ts, um wissenschaftliche Karrieren an Universitäten und anderen Forschungseinrichtungen zu starten, zu überleben und erfolgreich voranzutreiben. Von der Forschungsplanung bis zur Bewerbung um Stipendien und Stellen, von der Netzwerkbildung bis zur Work-Life-Balance, aber auch Exit-Strategien – dieser Survival Guide liefert die entscheidenden (Über-)Lebenstipps für ein Leben in Academia.The Pocket Guide to Camping
Par Linda White, Katherine L. White. 2011
A kid&’s guide to camping, including everything from first aid skills to fun campfire songs and recipes. The Pocket Guide…
to Camping has all the camping basics for kids—or beginners of any age—from setting up a tent to hiking a trail to cooking over the campfire. The book covers camping skills and first aid, along with stories, games, activities, and campfire songs. It also includes great campfire recipes that kids can make. This inclusive, family-oriented guide takes you through planning your trip to getting home safely—and is chock full of information and fun ideas.The LEGO Games Book: 50 Fun Brainteasers, Games, Challenges, and Puzzles!
Par Tori Kosara. 2020
Build in some time for fun!Who can stack the tallest tower in 60 seconds? Can anyone solve the puzzle cube?…
With more than 50 fun challenges, puzzles, brainteasers, and games, get out your LEGO® bricks and put your friends and family to the test.©2020 The LEGO Group.Perfect peep hole books for inquisitive toddlers.Bright, bold pages and fun pictures will keep your toddler engaged over and over…
again in Who Am I? Farm Animals. Your child will love discovering who is hiding behind in each screen as you read the clues together. Which baby farm animal has a snout for a nose? A piglet, of course.Perfect for reading aloud and encouraging word recognition, your toddler will love the playful and familiar guessing-game format. Watch as they investigate and explore each screen- a perfect combination of learning and play.Cómo funciona la ciencia (DK How Stuff Works)
Par Dk. 2018
Encuentra respuestas científicas a las preguntas que siempre te has hecho, desde que significa estar vivo hasta por qué explotan…
las cosas.Este libro de ciencia nos desvela todos los secretos del universo. Deslumbra a tus amigos y familiares con respuestas a las preguntas científicas cotidianas, como ¿cómo se mantienen los aviones en el aire? ¿Cómo funciona una computadora? ¡y mucho más!Mediante explicaciones claras, gráficos y esquemas visuales, este libro de ciencia en español explica conceptos científicos que no te enseñaron en la escuela, hasta los últimos descubrimientos y noticias científicas como el descubrimiento del Bosón de Higgs. ¡Verás que esto sí que es ciencia simplificada!Tanto para el estudiante de ciencias como para cualquier persona interesada en ampliar sus conocimientos en el campo científico.Este libro es el compañero ideal de El libro de la ciencia de la serie de Big Ideas (Spanish Edition)Ciencia: la mejor manera de entender el universo¿Qué es la materia, la energía, la vida, el espacio? ¡Estamos rodeados de ciencia! Aprende a identificar y a comprender cómo funciona desde la electricidad hasta la realidad virtual, desde la transmisión genética al envejecimiento. Explora el mundo de las estrellas, las galaxias y descubre cuál es el tamaño del universo. Esta guía sobre la ciencia nos descubre todos los aspectos sobre la existencia humana desde la mirada científica. Comprenderás cómo se forma la luz, el sonido, o la presión. Aprenderás a definir conceptos como la relatividad, la inteligencia artificial, la inteligencia física, la nanotecnología, los virus, la terapia genética, la física cuántica, la clonación e incluso el Big Bang.Una guía de referencia actualizada sobre todos los descubrimientos que nos regala la ciencia a día a de hoy, desde el origen del universo hasta los robots, a través de los siguientes capítulos:La materia.Energía y fuerzas.La vida.El espacio.La Tierra.Cómo funciona la ciencia, pertenece a la colección de libros juveniles en español de Conocimiento de la editorial DK, un rincón de nuestro catálogo destinado a mentes jóvenes curiosas que estén interesadas en conocer más sobre el mundo que les rodea, con disciplinas tales como la filosofía, economía y psicología. Los títulos incluidos en esta colección responden a infinidad de preguntas con un lenguaje sencillo y cercano y se apoyan en formidables ilustraciones y esquemas para ayudar a entender complejos asuntos y teorías que capten el interés del público juvenil, mientras desarrollan sus habilidades lectoras y sus conocimientos generales.The Cosmos: An Eye-Opening Look at Our Sun, Its Planets, and Their Moons (Idiot's Guides)
Par Christopher De Pree. 2014
Major new discoveries in space are made almost weekly and there is so much for any new enthusiast to learn…
and explore. Beginning with the solar system, the Sun, all its planets, major moons, and other features, such as the asteroid belt, Idiot's Guides: The Cosmos is packed with information and features the best photos from various explorations. Beautiful photography and detailed descriptions of the various types of masses are compared to Earth-- making the information as easy to grasp as possible. The book also explores the Milky Way, the various star types, including black holes, galaxy filaments, and much more.Idiot's Guides: The Cosmos is a fascinating and easy-to-understand exploration of the universe. Dozens of stunning, full-color photos highlight the latest discoveries and beauty of space, including the solar system, the Sun, the asteroid belt, the Milky Way, various star types, black holes, and more.Join William the hippo and friends in an interactive adventure puzzle book. Help them solve the mystery and save the…
exhibition!William the hippo and his friends live on 5th Avenue, New York, inside the Metropolitan Museum of Art. At night, when the museum is closed and all the visitors have gone home, their adventures begin. A special exhibition is about to open, and everyone is excited to see the amazing exhibits from all over the world. However, the boxes holding the exhibits are locked with puzzles that need to be solved. The curators are struggling to figure them out - it's up to you to help William and his friends travel through the museum, solve the puzzles, and save the exhibition!A brilliant book that puts your general knowledge to the test: pick your subject, look at the pictures, and see…
if you can name them all.A brilliant quiz book for clever kids - put your general knowledge to the test and boggle your family and friends with your brainpower!Can you name the longest river in Europe? Do you know your skull from your sternum? Can you identify an archaeopteryx and an allosaurus? Can you recognise the flags of India and Italy? You can! Then what are you waiting for? Open the pages of Knowledge Genius! to find out what you know, and challenge yourself to learn even more!With more than 60 topics, from across the encyclopedia, there's something for everyone. The pages are packed with eye-popping pictures - but do you know what they show? To help you, "Test Yourself" panels list what you're looking for. With three levels of difficulty, the challenge gets harder as you work your way from Starter, to Challenger, and finally the truly tricky Genius category. If you need it, there's a fun fact with every picture to give a helpful clue.Take on the Knowledge Genius! brain-busting challenge!The Minecraft Ideas Book: Create the Real World in Minecraft
Par Thomas McBrien. 2023
Discover more than 70 mind-blowing build ideas – plus tips, tricks, and hacks from expert Minecraft builders in this official…
Minecraft book.Spark your imagination with incredible build ideas inspired by the world around you. Explore landmarks, natural wonders, and inventions. From the Great Wall of China and the Great Barrier Reef, to steam trains and the International Space Station, get suggestions for how to build them all in Minecraft – and discover fascinating facts about them, too. The Minecraft Ideas Book is packed with all kinds of imaginative build ideas, including a cross-section of a volcano, a fabulously fun fairground, a Mount Everest base camp, a rainforest with canopy bridge, and much, much more. Why not step back in time to build the Titanic or a Roman chariot race or fast-forward to the future and build a sustainable city? Anything is possible! What will you build first? Find building techniques, hints, and tips throughout, such as block hacks, planning tips, and ideas for customizing. Meet the expert builders and discover where they get their ideas from. See the Minecraft world – and the real world – as you&’ve never seen it before!© 2023 Mojang AB.The LEGO Holiday Games Book
Par Dk. 2023
This edition does not include bricks.Build in some time for festive fun with the whole family! With more than 50…
all-new winter holiday–themed games and activities, there is something to keep everyone entertained during the whole festive season. Grab this book and your LEGOⓇ bricks and get ready for a jolly time at ho-ho-home with your friends and family! ©2023 The LEGO Group.Disney Ideas Book: More than 100 Disney Crafts, Activities, and Games
Par Dk, Elizabeth Dowsett. 2018
Bring your love of Disney to life with more than 100 amazing and creative projects and activities.The perfect rainy-day gift…
for kids who love Disney and enjoy crafting. Let their imaginations run wild with more than 100 enchanting Disney inspired arts and crafts, party games, puzzles, papercraft and many more fun and practical activities. With stunning photography and clear step-by-step instructions, the Disney Ideas Book guides you through each exciting project, from growing grass hair on Frozen trolls and creating The Lion King animal masks to crafting festive Mickey Mouse hanging decorations and Winnie the Pooh party hats. There are top tips on every page to help make your creations a success, with handy templates provided at the back of the book. Featuring family favourite characters from animation and live-action movies and TV, including Frozen, Toy Story, Moana, Inside Out and Cinderella.