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The Princeton Guide to Evolution
Par Jonathan B. Losos. 2013
The essential one-volume reference to evolutionThe Princeton Guide to Evolution is a comprehensive, concise, and authoritative reference to the major…
subjects and key concepts in evolutionary biology, from genes to mass extinctions. Edited by a distinguished team of evolutionary biologists, with contributions from leading researchers, the guide contains some 100 clear, accurate, and up-to-date articles on the most important topics in seven major areas: phylogenetics and the history of life; selection and adaptation; evolutionary processes; genes, genomes, and phenotypes; speciation and macroevolution; evolution of behavior, society, and humans; and evolution and modern society. Complete with more than 100 illustrations (including eight pages in color), glossaries of key terms, suggestions for further reading on each topic, and an index, this is an essential volume for undergraduate and graduate students, scientists in related fields, and anyone else with a serious interest in evolution.Explains key topics in some 100 concise and authoritative articles written by a team of leading evolutionary biologistsContains more than 100 illustrations, including eight pages in colorEach article includes an outline, glossary, bibliography, and cross-referencesCovers phylogenetics and the history of life; selection and adaptation; evolutionary processes; genes, genomes, and phenotypes; speciation and macroevolution; evolution of behavior, society, and humans; and evolution and modern societyThe Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought
Par Richard Bulliet, David Cook, Roxanne L. Euben, Khaled Fahmy, Frank Griffel, Bernard Haykel, Robert W. Hefner, Timur Kuran, Jane McAuliffe, Ebrahim Moosa. 2013
An indispensable guide to Islamic political thought from Muhammad to the twenty-first centuryThe first encyclopedia of Islamic political thought from…
the birth of Islam to today, this comprehensive, authoritative, and accessible reference provides the context needed for understanding contemporary politics in the Islamic world and beyond. With more than 400 alphabetically arranged entries written by an international team of specialists, the volume focuses on the origins and evolution of Islamic political ideas and related subjects, covering central terms, concepts, personalities, movements, places, and schools of thought across Islamic history. Fifteen major entries provide a synthetic treatment of key topics, such as Muhammad, jihad, authority, gender, culture, minorities, fundamentalism, and pluralism. Incorporating the latest scholarship, this is an indispensable resource for students, researchers, journalists, and anyone else seeking an informed perspective on the complex intersection of Islam and politics.Includes more than 400 concise, alphabetically arranged entriesFeatures 15 in-depth entries on key topicsCovers topics such as:Central themes and sources of Islamic political thought: caliph, modernity, knowledge, shari'a, government, revival and reformModern concepts, institutions, movements, and parties: civil society, Islamization, secularism, veil, Muslim BrotherhoodIslamic law and traditional Islamic societies: justice, taxation, fatwa, dissent, governance, piety and asceticism, trade and commerceSects, schools, regions, and dynasties: Mu'tazilis, Shi'ism, Quraysh, Mecca and Medina, Baghdad, Indonesia, Nigeria, Central Asia, OttomansThinkers, personalities, and statesmen: Mawardi, Shafi'I, Saladin, Tamerlane, Akbar, Atatürk, Nasser, KhomeiniContains seven historical and contemporary maps of Muslim empires, postcolonial nation-states, populations, and settlementsGuides readers to further research through bibliographies, cross-references, and an indexGoogle's PageRank and Beyond: The Science of Search Engine Rankings
Par Amy N. Langville, Carl D. Meyer. 2006
Why doesn't your home page appear on the first page of search results, even when you query your own name?…
How do other web pages always appear at the top? What creates these powerful rankings? And how? The first book ever about the science of web page rankings, Google's PageRank and Beyond supplies the answers to these and other questions and more. The book serves two very different audiences: the curious science reader and the technical computational reader. The chapters build in mathematical sophistication, so that the first five are accessible to the general academic reader. While other chapters are much more mathematical in nature, each one contains something for both audiences. For example, the authors include entertaining asides such as how search engines make money and how the Great Firewall of China influences research. The book includes an extensive background chapter designed to help readers learn more about the mathematics of search engines, and it contains several MATLAB codes and links to sample web data sets. The philosophy throughout is to encourage readers to experiment with the ideas and algorithms in the text. Any business seriously interested in improving its rankings in the major search engines can benefit from the clear examples, sample code, and list of resources provided. Many illustrative examples and entertaining asides MATLAB code Accessible and informal style Complete and self-contained section for mathematics reviewNumerical Algorithms for Personalized Search in Self-organizing Information Networks
Par Sep Kamvar. 2011
This book lays out the theoretical groundwork for personalized search and reputation management, both on the Web and in peer-to-peer…
and social networks. Representing much of the foundational research in this field, the book develops scalable algorithms that exploit the graphlike properties underlying personalized search and reputation management, and delves into realistic scenarios regarding Web-scale data.Sep Kamvar focuses on eigenvector-based techniques in Web search, introducing a personalized variant of Google's PageRank algorithm, and he outlines algorithms--such as the now-famous quadratic extrapolation technique--that speed up computation, making personalized PageRank feasible. Kamvar suggests that Power Method-related techniques ultimately should be the basis for improving the PageRank algorithm, and he presents algorithms that exploit the convergence behavior of individual components of the PageRank vector. Kamvar then extends the ideas of reputation management and personalized search to distributed networks like peer-to-peer and social networks. He highlights locality and computational considerations related to the structure of the network, and considers such unique issues as malicious peers. He describes the EigenTrust algorithm and applies various PageRank concepts to P2P settings. Discussion chapters summarizing results conclude the book's two main sections.Clear and thorough, this book provides an authoritative look at central innovations in search for all of those interested in the subject.The Princeton Encyclopedia of the World Economy. (Two volume set)
Par Kenneth A. Reinert, Ramkishen S. Rajan. 2009
An essential reference to all facets of the world economyIncreasing economic globalization has made understanding the world economy more important…
than ever. From trade agreements to offshore outsourcing to foreign aid, this two-volume encyclopedia explains the key elements of the world economy and provides a first step to further research for students and scholars in public policy, international studies, business, and the broader social sciences, as well as for economic policy professionals.Written by an international team of contributors, this comprehensive reference includes more than 300 up-to-date entries covering a wide range of topics in international trade, finance, production, and economic development. These topics include concepts and principles, models and theory, institutions and agreements, policies and instruments, analysis and tools, and sectors and special issues. Each entry includes cross-references and a list of sources for further reading and research. Complete with an index and a table of contents that groups entries by topic, The Princeton Encyclopedia of the World Economy is an essential resource for anyone who needs to better understand the global economy.More than 300 alphabetically arranged articles on topics in international trade, finance, production, and economic developmentInternational team of contributorsAnnotated list of further reading with each articleTopical list of entriesFull index and cross-references Entry categories and sample topics:Concepts and principles: globalization, anti-globalization, fair trade, foreign direct investment, international migration, economic development, multinational enterprisesModels and theory: Heckscher-Ohlin model, internalization theory, New Trade Theory, North-South trade, Triffin dilemmaInstitutions and agreements: European Union, International Monetary Fund, World Trade Organization, World Bank, Doha Round, international investment agreementsPolicies and instruments: dollar standard, international aid, sanctions, tariffsAnalysis and tools: exchange rate forecasting, effective protection, monetary policy rulesSectors and special issues: child labor, corporate governance, the digital divide, health and globalization, illegal drugs trade, petroleum, steelMore stimulating mathematics puzzles from bestselling author Paul NahinHow do technicians repair broken communications cables at the bottom of the…
ocean without actually seeing them? What's the likelihood of plucking a needle out of a haystack the size of the Earth? And is it possible to use computers to create a universal library of everything ever written or every photo ever taken? These are just some of the intriguing questions that best-selling popular math writer Paul Nahin tackles in Number-Crunching. Through brilliant math ideas and entertaining stories, Nahin demonstrates how odd and unusual math problems can be solved by bringing together basic physics ideas and today's powerful computers. Some of the outcomes discussed are so counterintuitive they will leave readers astonished.Nahin looks at how the art of number-crunching has changed since the advent of computers, and how high-speed technology helps to solve fascinating conundrums such as the three-body, Monte Carlo, leapfrog, and gambler's ruin problems. Along the way, Nahin traverses topics that include algebra, trigonometry, geometry, calculus, number theory, differential equations, Fourier series, electronics, and computers in science fiction. He gives historical background for the problems presented, offers many examples and numerous challenges, supplies MATLAB codes for all the theories discussed, and includes detailed and complete solutions.Exploring the intimate relationship between mathematics, physics, and the tremendous power of modern computers, Number-Crunching will appeal to anyone interested in understanding how these three important fields join forces to solve today's thorniest puzzles.Computational Economics
Par David A. Kendrick, P. Ruben Mercado, Hans M. Amman. 2006
The ability to conceptualize an economic problem verbally, to formulate it as a mathematical model, and then represent the mathematics…
in software so that the model can be solved on a computer is a crucial skill for economists. Computational Economics contains well-known models--and some brand-new ones--designed to help students move from verbal to mathematical to computational representations in economic modeling. The authors' focus, however, is not just on solving the models, but also on developing the ability to modify them to reflect one's interest and point of view. The result is a book that enables students to be creative in developing models that are relevant to the economic problems of their times. Unlike other computational economics textbooks, this book is organized around economic topics, among them macroeconomics, microeconomics, and finance. The authors employ various software systems--including MATLAB, Mathematica, GAMS, the nonlinear programming solver in Excel, and the database systems in Access--to enable students to use the most advantageous system. The book progresses from relatively simple models to more complex ones, and includes appendices on the ins and outs of running each program. The book is intended for use by advanced undergraduates and professional economists and even, as a first exposure to computational economics, by graduate students. Organized by economic topics Progresses from simple to more complex models Includes instructions on numerous software systems Encourages customization and creativityThe Silicon Jungle: A Novel of Deception, Power, and Internet Intrigue
Par Shumeet Baluja. 2011
A suspenseful story about the dangers of unknowingly revealing our most intimate thoughts and actions onlineWhat happens when a naive…
intern is granted unfettered access to people's most private thoughts and actions? Stephen Thorpe lands a coveted internship at Ubatoo, an Internet empire that provides its users with popular online services, from a search engine and e-mail, to social networking. When Stephen’s boss asks him to work on a project with the American Coalition for Civil Liberties, Stephen innocently obliges, believing he is mining Ubatoo’s vast databases to protect people unfairly targeted in the name of national security. But nothing is as it seems. Suspicious individuals surface, doing all they can to access Ubatoo’s wealth of confidential information. This need not require technical wizardry—simply knowing how to manipulate a well-intentioned intern may be enough.The Silicon Jungle is a cautionary fictional tale of data mining’s promise and peril. Baluja raises ethical questions about contemporary technological innovations, and how minute details can be routinely pieced together into rich profiles that reveal our habits, goals, and secret desires—all ready to be exploited.Trapped in the Net: The Unanticipated Consequences of Computerization
Par Gene I. Rochlin. 1998
Voice mail. E-mail. Bar codes. Desktops. Laptops. Networks. The Web. In this exciting book, Gene Rochlin takes a closer look…
at how these familiar and pervasive productions of computerization have become embedded in all our lives, forcing us to narrow the scope of our choices, our modes of control, and our experiences with the real world. Drawing on fascinating narratives from fields that range from military command, air traffic control, and international fund transfers to library cataloging and supermarket checkouts, Rochlin shows that we are rapidly making irreversible and at times harmful changes in our business, social, and personal lives to comply with the formalities and restrictions of information systems. The threat is not the direct one once framed by the idea of insane robots or runaway mainframes usurping human functions for their own purposes, but the gradual loss of control over hardware, software, and function through networks of interconnection and dependence. What Rochlin calls the computer trap has four parts: the lure, the snare, the costs, and the long-term consequences. The lure is obvious: the promise of ever more powerful and adaptable tools with simpler and more human-centered interfaces. The snare is what usually ensues. Once heavily invested in the use of computers to perform central tasks, organizations and individuals alike are committed to new capacities and potentials, whether they eventually find them rewarding or not. The varied costs include a dependency on the manufacturers of hardware and software--and a seemingly pathological scramble to keep up with an incredible rate of sometimes unnecessary technological change. Finally, a lack of redundancy and an incredible speed of response make human intervention or control difficult at best when (and not if) something goes wrong. As Rochlin points out, this is particularly true for those systems whose interconnections and mechanisms are so deeply concealed in the computers that no human being fully understands them.Discrete and Computational Geometry
Par Satyan L. Devadoss, Joseph O'Rourke. 2011
An essential introduction to discrete and computational geometryDiscrete geometry is a relatively new development in pure mathematics, while computational geometry…
is an emerging area in applications-driven computer science. Their intermingling has yielded exciting advances in recent years, yet what has been lacking until now is an undergraduate textbook that bridges the gap between the two. Discrete and Computational Geometry offers a comprehensive yet accessible introduction to this cutting-edge frontier of mathematics and computer science.This book covers traditional topics such as convex hulls, triangulations, and Voronoi diagrams, as well as more recent subjects like pseudotriangulations, curve reconstruction, and locked chains. It also touches on more advanced material, including Dehn invariants, associahedra, quasigeodesics, Morse theory, and the recent resolution of the Poincaré conjecture. Connections to real-world applications are made throughout, and algorithms are presented independently of any programming language. This richly illustrated textbook also features numerous exercises and unsolved problems.The essential introduction to discrete and computational geometryCovers traditional topics as well as new and advanced materialFeatures numerous full-color illustrations, exercises, and unsolved problemsSuitable for sophomores in mathematics, computer science, engineering, or physicsRigorous but accessibleAn online solutions manual is available (for teachers only).I Love Mum: The Perfect Gift to Give to Your Mum
Par Summersdale Publishers. 2023
Show your amazing mum just how much she means to you with this delightful collection of heartfelt quotes and timeless…
wisdom Is your mum one in a million? Whether she's the best hug-giver, the ultimate counsellor or simply your biggest fan, say a massive thank you with the help of this little book. These pages offer a curated collection of wise and witty words from actors, leaders, writers and musicians about the joys and quirks of motherhood. Whatever you want your message to be - kind, moving or just plain funny - pay tribute to your mum with this perfect keepsake. This is for the mums who:- can mend anything, even broken hearts - always know exactly what to say- will always love you, no matter what There is nobody quite like your mum. Let her know how much you care with a meaningful gift celebrating everything that makes her the best ever.Positive Mental Gratitude: Quotes and Affirmations to Help You Appreciate the Good Things in Life
Par Summersdale Publishers. 2023
This gentle book - spilling over with beautiful quotes and statements on the practice of gratitude - will empower you…
to celebrate the present, even in times of challenge and changeGratitude is a gift that never stops giving. Helping you to see wonderful moments in the everyday, strengthen your relationships and improve your health, practising gratitude can boost your spirits and drive positive change.The uplifting quotations and inspiring affirmations within these pages will help you tap into this quiet power. This book will remind you to find the good in each moment, and how an attitude of gratitude can: Improve your mental and physical well-being Help you to motivate yourself to embrace the day Help strengthen your relationships by spreading kindness Positive Mental Gratitude is your go-to guide to harnessing the power of positive thought, and will help you to relish the small pleasures, be kind to your mind and brighten your world.The Little Book of Buddhism: An Introduction to the Key Figures, Beliefs and Practices You Need to Know
Par Georgina-Kate Adams. 2023
Discover the history, teachings and practices of one of the world's oldest religions with this pocket-sized introduction to BuddhismWho was…
the Buddha? What's the difference between enlightenment and awakening? Do Buddhists believe in God? Discover all this and more with this beginner's guide to one of the world's oldest and most widely practiced philosophies.The Little Book of Buddhism provides an accessible and engaging overview of the religion, including its origins, worldview and key figures. This book is the perfect guide for anyone with an interest in the subject, wanting to brush up their knowledge, or looking to apply Buddhist practices to their daily life.This pocket-sized introduction will help you understand: Who Gautama Buddha was, and how Buddhism developed into the fourth-biggest religion in the world The difference between the two major branches of Buddhism: Theravada and Mahayana The most important Buddhists beliefs and practices, from the Four Noble Truths and the cycle of rebirth (Samsara) to mindfulness and meditation The prevalence of Buddhism around the world today, and how its teachings can apply to modern-day life And much more!You're the Best: Uplifting Quotes and Awesome Affirmations for Absolute Legends
Par Summersdale Publishers. 2023
Embrace your brilliance with the help of the powerful quotations and motivational affirmations in this pocket-sized collection of praise and…
positivityThere's no one better than you. Nobody has your unique blend of talent, wit, passion and personality. And it never hurts to be reminded how great you truly are, or receive some encouragement when you really need it.This little book is bursting with supportive quotes and inspiring mantras to lift your spirits and celebrate your successes. From the timeless ideas of ancient sages to brilliant insights from modern superstars, these are words to live by.As well as the hard-won wisdom of leaders, legends and trendsetters, this book includes a host of empowering affirmations and daily reminders such as: Own your energy Live what you believe, and believe what you live Wear your crown with pride Be completely and perfectly you You are worthy of joy Save some love for yourselfHop into this uplifting little book, filled with positive affirmations on self-love and empowerment, as told by the internet's beloved…
mushroom frog "Don't forget about the subtle magic that is happening all around you every day" Meet the little frog! With its mushroom cap and endless collection of fabulous footwear, this adorable amphibian is here to be your new best friend. Whether you need an emotional boost, some friendly encouragement or an honest view on the world, the little frog will be your guide. Created by the California-based artist Maybell Eequay, this book is a perfect compassionate gift for yourself or others. Inside you will find:- Over 40 hand-drawn illustrations of the little frog- Beautiful life lessons and empowering reminders that it's okay to be gentle with yourself and to feel your feelings- A humorous, no-nonsense approach to positivityThese illustrations will fill your heart with love for yourself and others, and remind you that it's brave and wonderful of you to exist!You're Doing Great: Uplifting Quotes to Empower and Inspire
Par Summersdale Publishers. 2022
You’ve already survived 100 per cent of your worst daysLife sends challenges to us all, but this little book is…
here to provide you with a boost of self-confidence when you need it most, acting as your personal cheerleader and lifting you up when you’re feeling down. Brimming with empowering affirmations and uplifting quotes from some of the world’s most inspirational figures, You’re Doing Great will kick-start the feel-good vibes and remind you just how amazingly awesome you are.Featuring a sunny design and cheerful affirmations to deliver a dose of positivity every dayFind your inner pizzazz with kick-ass quotes from a range of inspirational people, from Lizzo to Lady GagaDip into it whenever you need a boost and let the encouraging words spur you into actionEven the smallest moment of positivity can transform your outlook, and this pocket-sized book is the perfect reminder to keep doing what you’re doing, because you’re doing great!Think Positive, Stay Positive: Inspirational Quotes and Motivational Affirmations to Lift Your Spirits
Par Summersdale Publishers. 2023
Stay at the top of your game and be your best self with the help of the empowering quotations and…
upbeat affirmations in this pocket-sized dose of winner's wisdomWith a positive mood and the right attitude, nothing can hold you back. Whatever your aims or ambitions in life, confident thoughts and good advice make all the difference.This little book, packed with incisive quotes and optimistic affirmations, is here to support you on your journey to sweet success and greater happiness. From the timeless ideas of ancient sages to brilliant insights from modern superstars, these are words to get you feeling inspired and thinking like a true champion.As well as the hard-won wisdom of leaders, legends and trendsetters, this book includes a host of encouraging affirmations and daily reminders such as: Do something today that your future self will thank you for Start and end each day with a positive thought Inside every setback hides an opportunity Believe in magic and you will find itHow to Find Calm in Five Minutes a Day: Inspiring Ideas to Bring You Peace Every Day
Par Joanne Mallon. 2023
This book includes over 60 prompts and ideas to help you pause for peace and connect to calm every single…
day - and each tip takes no longer than five minutes Pockets of calm are all around us, even on the busiest of days - and they're easy to find when you know where to look. All you need is five minutes. Guiding you through each stage of your day, these soothing rituals will help you to recentre yourself and rise above everyday stresses. Tips include:- How to incorporate mindfulness into your routine- Starting the day with a relaxation exercise and a calming mantra- Visualizing what calm looks like to you- Writing down your worries to gain focus and perspectiveEven the smallest moment of calm can transform your outlook, so whether you follow one tip or many, you're sure to de-stress, boost your well-being and find clarity and calm every day.How to Live Your Best Life: Live a Life You Love and Find Joy and Fulfilment Every Day
Par Sophie Golding. 2023
Live your life to the fullest! Filled with thoughtful advice and inspiring quotes and affirmations, this book will show you…
how to envision your best, happiest life and make it reality. Your best life is yours to define. Whether it means reaching for your dreams, finding a sense of purpose or making more time for the things you love, it's whatever makes you feel like the very best version of yourself. Through a collection of easy-to-follow tips and words of wisdom, this book will help you to create a life you love. Learn how to:- Visualize what your best life looks like for you- Identify your core values and align your life with them- Adjust your mindset with small changes and habits to stay motivated and happy- Find peace within yourself and nurture self-loveWe are at our happiest when what we do matches up with who we are, so dive into these beautiful pages to begin your journey towards a life of joy and fulfilment.I Believe in You: Uplifting Quotes and Powerful Affirmations to Fill You with Confidence
Par Summersdale Publishers. 2023
If you want to lift someone's spirits and fill them with confidence, look no further than this pocket-sized book of…
inspiring quotes and affirmationsSimple words of encouragement are powerful things. Sometimes the best gift you can give is letting someone know just how special they truly are. That's why this little book is packed with empowering quotes and affirming statements, perfect for telling someone you care about that you believe in them.From the worldly wisdom of early philosophers to the musings of modern superstars, these words will inspire, motivate and uplift. The ideal gift for any occasion, whether you know someone who's taking their driving test, about to graduate, or perhaps just in need of a little confidence boost.As well as the wise words of great writers, artists and thinkers, this book includes a host of positive affirmations and daily reminders such as: Believe in yourself and you will be unstoppableEverything that you are is enoughYou have to believe in order to achieveLive life on your terms and never apologize for itYou are the creator of your own destiny