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Cold War Modernists: Art, Literature, and American Cultural Diplomacy
Par Greg Barnhisel. 2015
European intellectuals of the 1950s dismissed American culture as nothing more than cowboy movies and the A-bomb. In response, American…
cultural diplomats tried to show that the United States had something to offer beyond military might and commercial exploitation. Through literary magazines, traveling art exhibits, touring musical shows, radio programs, book translations, and conferences, they deployed the revolutionary aesthetics of modernism to prove—particularly to the leftists whose Cold War loyalties they hoped to secure—that American art and literature were aesthetically rich and culturally significant. Yet by repurposing modernism, American diplomats and cultural authorities turned the avant-garde into the establishment. They remade the once revolutionary movement into a content-free collection of artistic techniques and styles suitable for middlebrow consumption. Cold War Modernists documents how the CIA, the State Department, and private cultural diplomats transformed modernist art and literature into pro-Western propaganda during the first decade of the Cold War. Drawing on interviews, previously unknown archival materials, and the stories of such figures and institutions as William Faulkner, Stephen Spender, Irving Kristol, James Laughlin, and Voice of America, Barnhisel reveals how the U.S. government reconfigured modernism as a trans-Atlantic movement, a joint endeavor between American and European artists, with profound implications for the art that followed and for the character of American identity.Fake Heroes: Ten False Icons and How they Altered the Course of History
Par Otto English. 2023
From the author of Fake History, Otto English, comes a shocking yet hilarious look at ten of the greatest liars…
from our past, examining these previously unquestioned idols and exposing what they were trying to hide.'A brilliant book.' James O'BrienWas Che Guevara really a revolutionary hero?Should Mother Teresa be honoured as a saint?Is Henry V actually England's greatest king?And why does JFK's legend continue to grow?Having exposed some of the greatest lies ever told in Fake History, journalist Otto English turns his attention to some of history's biggest (and most beloved) figures.Whether it's virtuous leaders in just wars, martyrs sacrificing all for a cause, or innovators changing the world for the better, down the centuries supposedly great men and women have risen to become household names, saints and heroes. But just how deserving are they of their reputations?Exploring everything from Captain Scott's reckless hunt for glory and Andy Warhol's flagrant thievery to Coco Chanel's murky Nazi past, Otto English dives into the hidden lives of some of history's most recognisable names. Scrutinising figures from the worlds of art, politics, business, religion and royalty, he brings to light the murkier truths they would rather have kept buried away, at the same time as celebrating the unsung heroes lost to time.Fake Heroes exposes the truth of the past and helps us understand why that matters today.Environmental History, volume 29 number 2 (April 2024)
Par Environmental History. 2024
This is volume 29 issue 2 of Environmental History. Environmental History (EH) is the world’s leading scholarly journal in environmental…
history and the journal of record in the field. Scholarship published in EH explores the changing relationships between humans and the environment over time. This interdisciplinary journal brings together insights from geography, anthropology, the natural sciences, and many other disciplines to inform historical scholarship.'Who said science was dry? Certainly not Tim James' New York Post 'James writes with infectious enthusiasm and optimism' Kirkus…
Reviews 'A science teacher by profession, Mr. James knows how to get his audience's attention' Wall Street Journal 'Humorous, yet deep' Professor Charles AntoineA rip-roaring adventure through science gone wrong, and accidentally changing humanity (mostly) for the better.We may imagine that science is a process of breakthroughs and light bulb moments. But in reality, science goes wrong 99% of the time.Almost every idea a scientist comes up with is quickly disproved by a failed experiment or rival research. Science moves at a rate of inches per decade and we often like it that way. But occasionally, just occasionally, a complete fluke happens and changes everything as we know it. From an untimely sneeze in a petri dish leading to the groundbreaking creation of antibiotics, to the incredible discovery of microwaves via melted chocolate, Accidental is a rip-roaring adventure through science gone wrong, and accidentally changing humanity for the better.Populus: Living and Dying in the Wealth, Smoke and Din of Ancient Rome
Par Guy De Bédoyère. 2024
A Time Travellers Guide to Ancient Rome - by one of the best historians of the ancient worldLiving in ancient…
Rome was superbly and vividly recorded by Rome's historians, philosophers, and poets who were acutely aware of the seething and voluptuous nature of a city that ruled the known world. Through the words of Tacitus, Seneca, Martial, and a host of others including ordinary Romans, Guy de la Bédoyère takes the reader into a world of violent politics, civil disorder, unspeakably brutal entertainments, extravagance, decadence, eroticism, exotica, and staggering inequality, participated in daily by the Roman people from the hyper-rich elite to the lowliest slaves. Populus places those who experienced Rome in person at the forefront of their story, from the rabble-rousing senator Clodius Pulcher to Pliny the Elder and Hortensia who defended the rights of women in court to the ex-slave and celebrity baker Eurysaces.'A superb combination of wit, first-rate research and panache. Highly recommended!' TONY ROBINSONPopulus: Living and Dying in the Wealth, Smoke and Din of Ancient Rome
Par Guy De Bédoyère. 2024
A Time Travellers Guide to Ancient Rome - by one of the best historians of the ancient worldLiving in ancient…
Rome was superbly and vividly recorded by Rome's historians, philosophers, and poets who were acutely aware of the seething and voluptuous nature of a city that ruled the known world. Through the words of Tacitus, Seneca, Martial, and a host of others including ordinary Romans, Guy de la Bédoyère takes the reader into a world of violent politics, civil disorder, unspeakably brutal entertainments, extravagance, decadence, eroticism, exotica, and staggering inequality, participated in daily by the Roman people from the hyper-rich elite to the lowliest slaves. Populus places those who experienced Rome in person at the forefront of their story, from the rabble-rousing senator Clodius Pulcher to Pliny the Elder and Hortensia who defended the rights of women in court to the ex-slave and celebrity baker Eurysaces.'A superb combination of wit, first-rate research and panache. Highly recommended!' TONY ROBINSONSAS: The History of the Special Raiding Squadron 'Paddy's Men'
Par Stewart McClean. 2024
Scottish Folk Tales of Coast and Sea (Folk Tales)
Par Tom Muir. 2024
The Carnation Revolution: The Day Portugal's Dictatorship Fell
Par Alex Fernandes. 2024
Lisbon, 25 April 1974. Over the course of a single day, Europe&’s oldest fascist regime falls. On its fiftieth anniversary,…
this is the story of the revolution that changed Portugal&’s fate.25 April 1974, Lisbon. Over the course of a single day, Europe&’s oldest fascist regime falls. On its 50th anniversary, this is the story of the revolution that changed Portugal forever. 'A thrilling and inspiring page-turner.' Richard Zimler, author of The Last Kabbalist of Lisbon On the night of 24 April 1974, at five minutes to eleven, a Lisbon radio station broadcasts Portugal&’s Eurovision entry. By 6.20 p.m. the next day, Europe&’s oldest fascist regime has fallen. Hardly a shot has been fired. As citizens pour into the streets, they offer carnations to the revolutionary soldiers. For the first time in forty-eight years, Portugal is free. The Carnation Revolution winds through the streets of Lisbon as the revolution unfolds, revealing the myriad acts of ordinary and extraordinary resistance that made 25 April possible. It&’s the story of daring escapes from five-storey prisons, soldiers disobeying their officers&’ orders and simple acts of courage by thousands of citizens. It&’s the story of how a group of young captains felled a globe-spanning empire. *** 'I feel like I&’ve been waiting three decades for precisely this book.' Lara Pawson, author of This Is the Place to Be 'A brilliantly detailed and evocative account of a revolution unlike any other.' Helder Macedo, Emeritus Professor of Portuguese, King's College London 'A gripping account of an episode in European history that should be better known.' Catherine Fletcher, author of The Beauty and the TerrorMaking Cities Socialist (Elements in Global Urban History)
Par Null Katherine Zubovich. 2024
This Element explores the history of urban planning, city building, and city life in the socialist world. It follows the…
global trajectories of architects, planners, and ideas about socialist urbanism developed during the twentieth century, while also highlighting features of everyday life in socialist cities. The Element opens with a section on the socialist city as it took shape first in the Soviet Union. Subsequent sections take a comparative and transnational approach to the history of socialist urbanism, tracing socialist city development in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), Eastern Europe, Asia, Africa, and Latin America.Eyeliner: A Cultural History
Par Zahra Hankir. 2023
A New York Times Book Review Editors' Choice Pick&“Cosmetic, tool of rebellion, status signifier: Eyeliner has been all these and…
more. Moving through millenniums and across civilizations, Hankir gives the makeup its eye-opening due.&” —The New York Times Book Review&“An impressive, rigorously researched, winding path through centuries and over continents.&” —NPR.org&“I loved Eyeliner. Hankir approaches her subject with dedicated curiosity, humility, and humor, blending anthropology, travel writing, memoir and history. A treat.&” —Kassia St. Clair, author of The Secret Lives of ColorFrom the acclaimed editor of Our Women on the Ground comes a dazzling exploration of the intersections of beauty and power around the globe, told through the lens of an iconic cosmeticFrom the distant past to the present, with fingers and felt-tipped pens, metallic powders and gel pots, humans have been drawn to lining their eyes. The aesthetic trademark of figures ranging from Nefertiti to Amy Winehouse, eyeliner is one of our most enduring cosmetic tools; ancient royals and Gen Z beauty influencers alike would attest to its uniquely transformative power. It is undeniably fun—yet it is also far from frivolous.Seen through Zahra Hankir&’s (kohl-lined) eyes, this ubiquitous but seldom-examined product becomes a portal to history, proof both of the stunning variety among cultures across time and space and of our shared humanity. Through intimate reporting and conversations—with nomads in Chad, geishas in Japan, dancers in India, drag queens in New York, and more—Eyeliner embraces the rich history and significance of its namesake, especially among communities of color. What emerges is an unexpectedly moving portrait of a tool that, in various corners of the globe, can signal religious devotion, attract potential partners, ward off evil forces, shield eyes from the sun, transform faces into fantasies, and communicate volumes without saying a word.Delightful, surprising, and utterly absorbing, Eyeliner is a fascinating tour through streets, stages, and bedrooms around the world, and a thought-provoking reclamation of a key piece of our collective history.Strike of the Sailfish: Two Sister Submarines and the Sinking of a Japanese Aircraft Carrier
Par Stephen L. Moore. 2023
A gripping true-life thriller about the first US submarine to sink a Japanese aircraft carrier—and the sub&’s tragic twist of…
fateIn 1939 off the New England coast, the submarine USS Squalus accidentally sinks to the bottom of the sea during a training exercise, killing half her crew. Coming to the rescue is the USS Sculpin, in many ways the Squalus&’s twin. As their oxygen supply dwindles, the remaining crew aboard the Squalus are saved in a time-consuming, white-knuckle operation. Eventually the sunken submarine is raised, repaired, and returned to duty, with a new name: the Sailfish.Four years later, on patrol during the darkest days of the Pacific War, the Sailfish&’s radarman picks up the tell-tale signs of a Japanese convoy, known by U.S. intelligence to include aircraft carriers, the most formidable of all enemy ships. Never before has an American submarine taken down a carrier—much less in the middle of a typhoon. Immediately, the crewmen swing into action, embarking on a deadly game of cat-and-mouse as this once-dead boat evades enemy cruisers to stalk closer and closer to their prized target. Little do they know that aboard the Japanese carrier are survivors of an attack on the USS Sculpin, the very boat that saved the Squalis-turned-Sailfish back in &’39.Author Stephen L. Moore takes readers inside the nine-hour duel, narrating the action aboard both the Sailfish and the doomed carrier, where the American POWs fight against all odds to save their own lives before the ship goes down. Employing a wealth of new information, including long-lost survivors' accounts, fresh interviews with the last of the sub's crew, and official patrol reports, Strike of the Sailfish is the thrilling story of this strange chapter of naval history.This book presents an innovative African philosophical response to coloniality and the attendant epistemicide of Africa’s knowledge systems, drawing on…
Igbo thinking.This book argues that theorizing modernity requires a critical conversation between African and Western scholarship, in order to unpack its links with coloniality and the subjugation of Africa’s indigenous knowledges. In setting out this discussion, the book also connects with Latin American scholarship, demonstrating how the modern world is structured to marginalize and destroy knowledges from across the Global South. This book draws on Igbo epistemic resources of solidarity thinking, positioned in contrast to capitalist knowledge-patterns, thereby providing an important Africa-driven response to modernity and coloniality. This book concludes by arguing that the Igbo sense of solidarity is useful and relevant to modern contexts and thus constitutes a vital resource for a less disruptive, more balanced, and more wholesome modernity.At a time of considerable global crises, this book makes an important contribution to philosophy both within Africa and beyond.This groundbreaking study tells the story of the highly organised, international legal court case for the abolition of slavery spearheaded…
by Prince Lourenço da Silva Mendonça in the seventeenth century. The case, presented before the Vatican, called for the freedom of all enslaved people and other oppressed groups. This included New Christians (Jews converted to Christianity) and Indigenous Americans in the Atlantic World, and Black Christians from confraternities in Angola, Brazil, Portugal and Spain. Abolition debate is generally believed to have been dominated by white Europeans in the eighteenth century. By centring African agency, José Lingna Nafafé offers a new perspective on the abolition movement, showing, for the first time, how the legal debate was begun not by Europeans, but by Africans. In the first book of its kind, Lingna Nafafé underscores the exceptionally complex nature of the African liberation struggle, and demystifies the common knowledge and accepted wisdom surrounding African slavery.The New Left and Labor in 1960s (Working Class in American History)
Par Peter B. Levy. 1994
It is a powerful story: the relationship between the 1960s New Left and organized labor was summed up by hardhats…
confronting students and others over US involvement in Vietnam. But the real story goes beyond the "Love It or Leave It" signs and melees involving blue-collar types attacking protesters. Peter B. Levy challenges these images by exploring the complex relationship between the two groups. Early in the 1960s, the New Left and labor had cooperated to fight for civil rights and anti-poverty programs. But diverging opinions on the Vietnam War created a schism that divided these one-time allies. Levy shows how the war, combined with the emergence of the black power movement and the blossoming of the counterculture, drove a permanent wedge between the two sides and produced the polarization that remains to this day.America on the World Stage: A Global Approach to U.S. History
Par Organization of American Historians. 2007
Recognizing the urgent need for students to understand the emergence of the United States' power and prestige in relation to…
world events, Gary W. Reichard and Ted Dickson reframe the teaching of American history in a global context. Each essay covers a specific chronological period and approaches fundamental topics and events in United States history from an international perspective, emphasizing how the development of the United States has always depended on its transactions with other nations for commodities, cultural values, and populations. For each historical period, the authors also provide practical guidance on bringing this international approach to the classroom, with suggested lesson plans and activities. Ranging from the colonial period to the civil rights era and everywhere in between, this collection will help prepare Americans for success in an era of global competition and collaboration. Contributors are David Armitage, Stephen Aron, Edward L. Ayers, Thomas Bender, Stuart M. Blumin, J. D. Bowers, Orville Vernon Burton, Lawrence Charap, Jonathan Chu, Kathleen Dalton, Betty A. Dessants, Ted Dickson, Kevin Gaines, Fred Jordan, Melvyn P. Leffler, Louisa Bond Moffitt, Philip D. Morgan, Mark A. Noll, Gary W. Reichard, Daniel T. Rodgers, Leila J. Rupp, Brenda Santos, Gloria Sesso, Carole Shammas, Suzanne M. Sinke, Omar Valerio-Jimenez, Penny M. Von Eschen, Patrick Wolfe, and Pingchao Zhu.Biocosmism: Vitality and the Utopian Imagination in Postrevolutionary Mexico (Critical Mexican Studies)
Par Jorge Quintana Navarrete. 2024
Most scholars study postrevolutionary Mexico as a period in which cultural production significantly shaped national identity through murals, novels, essays,…
and other artifacts that registered the changing political and social realities in the wake of the Revolution. In Biocosmism, Jorge Quintana Navarrete shifts the focus to examine how a group of scientists, artists, and philosophers conceived the manifold relations of the human species with cosmological forces and nonhuman entities (animals, plants, inorganic matter, and celestial bodies, among others). Drawing from recent theoretical trends in new materialisms, biopolitics, and posthumanism, this book traces for the first time the intellectual constellation of biocosmism or biocosmic thought: the study of universal life understood as the vital vibrancy that animates everything in the cosmos from inorganic matter to living organisms to outer space. It combines both analysis of unexplored areas—such as Alfonso L. Herrera&’s plasmogeny—and innovative readings of canonical texts like Vasconcelos&’s La raza cósmica to examine how biocosmism produced a wide array of utopian projects and theorizations that continue to challenge anthropocentric, biopolitical frameworks.The World the Plague Made: The Black Death and the Rise of Europe
Par James Belich. 2022
A groundbreaking history of how the Black Death unleashed revolutionary change across the medieval world and ushered in the modern…
ageIn 1346, a catastrophic plague beset Europe and its neighbours. The Black Death was a human tragedy that abruptly halved entire populations and caused untold suffering, but it also brought about a cultural and economic renewal on a scale never before witnessed. The World the Plague Made is a panoramic history of how the bubonic plague revolutionized labour, trade, and technology and set the stage for Europe&’s global expansion.James Belich takes readers across centuries and continents to shed new light on one of history&’s greatest paradoxes. Why did Europe&’s dramatic rise begin in the wake of the Black Death? Belich shows how plague doubled the per capita endowment of everything even as it decimated the population. Many more people had disposable incomes. Demand grew for silks, sugar, spices, furs, gold, and slaves. Europe expanded to satisfy that demand—and plague provided the means. Labour scarcity drove more use of waterpower, wind power, and gunpowder. Technologies like water-powered blast furnaces, heavily gunned galleons, and musketry were fast-tracked by plague. A new &“crew culture&” of &“disposable males&” emerged to man the guns and galleons.Setting the rise of Western Europe in global context, Belich demonstrates how the mighty empires of the Middle East and Russia also flourished after the plague, and how European expansion was deeply entangled with the Chinese and other peoples throughout the world.If You're Reading This . . .: Last Letters from the Front Line
Par Siân Price. 2011
Three centuries of war. Three centuries of sacrifice. &“Tales of love and heroism from conflicts such as the Napoleonic Wars…
and Afghanistan today.&” —The Mirror In this brilliant and profoundly moving collection of farewell letters written by servicemen and women to their loved ones, Siân Price offers a remarkable insight into the hearts and minds of some of the soldiers, sailors and airmen of the past three hundred years. Each letter provides an enduring snapshot of an impossible moment in time when an individual stares death squarely in the face. Some were written or dictated as the person lay mortally wounded; many were written on the eve of a great charge or battle; others were written by soldiers who experienced premonitions of their death, or by kamikaze pilots and condemned prisoners. They write of the grim realities of battle, of daily hardships, of unquestioning patriotism or bitter regrets, of religious fervor or political disillusionment, of unrelenting optimism or sinking morale and above all, they write of their love for their family and the desire to return to them one day. Be it an epitaph dictated on a Napoleonic battlefield, a staunch, unsentimental letter written by a Victorian officer, or an email from a soldier in modern day Afghanistan, these voices speak eloquently and forcefully of the tragedy of war and answer that fundamental human need to say goodbye. &“The poignant farewells encapsulate the final words of servicemen to their loved ones before they were killed in action.&” —The Telegraph &“A timely reminder of the tremendous sacrifices made by fighting men and women of all countries in all ages.&” —Military History Monthly