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An Archaeology of Natural Places
Par Richard Bradley. 2000
This volume explores why natural places such as caves, mountains, springs and rivers assumed a sacred character in European prehistory,…
and how the evidence for this can be analysed in the field. It shows how established research on votive deposits, rock art and production sites can contribute to a more imaginative approach to the prehistoric landscape, and can even shed light on the origins of monumental architecture. The discussion is illustrated through a wide range of European examples, and three extended case studies.An Archaeology of Natural Places extends the range of landscape studies and makes the results of modern research accessible to a wider audience, including students and academics, field archaeologists, and those working in heritage management.An Archaeology of the Cosmos: Rethinking Agency and Religion in Ancient America
Par Timothy R. Pauketat. 2013
An Archaeology of the Cosmos seeks answers to two fundamental questions of humanity and human history. The first question concerns that…
which some use as a defining element of humanity: religious beliefs. Why do so many people believe in supreme beings and holy spirits? The second question concerns changes in those beliefs. What causes beliefs to change? Using archaeological evidence gathered from ancient America, especially case material from the Great Plains and the pre-Columbian American Indian city of Cahokia, Timothy Pauketat explores the logical consequences of these two fundamental questions. Religious beliefs are not more resilient than other aspects of culture and society, and people are not the only causes of historical change. An Archaeology of the Cosmos examines the intimate association of agency and religion by studying how relationships between people, places, and things were bundled together and positioned in ways that constituted the fields of human experience. This rethinking theories of agency and religion provides readers with challenging and thought provoking conclusions that will lead them to reassess the way they approach the past.Behind the Castle Gate: From the Middle Ages to the Renaissance
Par Matthew Johnson. 2002
In this engaging book Matthew Johnson looks 'behind the castle gate' to discover the truth about castles in England at…
the end of the Middle Ages. Traditional studies have seen castles as compromises between the needs of comfort and of defence, and as statements of wealth or power or both. By encouraging the reader to view castles in relation to their inhabitants, Matthew Johnson uncovers a whole new vantage point. He shows how castles functioned as stage-settings against which people played out roles of lord and servant, husband and wife, father and son. Building, rebuilding and living in a castle was as complex an experience as a piece of medieval art. Behind the Castle Gate brings castles and their inhabitants alive. Combining ground-breaking scholarship with fascinating narratives it will be read avidly by all with an interest in castles.Archaeology of Communities: A New World Perspective (Archaeology Of The American South: New Directions And Perspectives Ser.)
Par Marcello-Andrea Canuto, Jason Yaeger both at. 2000
The Archaeology of Communities develops a critical evaluation of community and shows that it represents more than a mere aggregation…
of households. This collection bridges the gap between studies of ancient societies and ancient households. The community is taken to represent more than a mere aggregation of households, it exists in part through shared identities, as well as frequent interaction and inter-household integration. Drawing on case studies which range in location from the Mississippi Valley to New Mexico, from the Southern Andes to the Blue Ridge Mountains of Madison County, Virginia, the book explores and discusses communities from a whole range of periods, from Pre-Columbian to the late Classic. Discussions of actual communities are reinforced by strong debate on, for example, the distinction between 'Imagined Community' and 'Natural Community.'Seven Wonders Ancient World
Par Peter A. Clayton, Martin J. Price. 1988
Managing Historic Sites and Buildings: Reconciling Presentation and Preservation (Issues in Heritage Management)
Par David Baker, Gill Chitty. 1999
Managing Historic Sites and Buildings looks at the choices and the tensions that exist in conservation and interpretation of the…
heritage. Preservation and presentation are central activities, arguably means and ends in the conservation of the historic environment. But are they self-reinforcing or do they work against each other? In a series of essays which span form prehistoric sacred site to Second World war military remains, from medieval monastery to 1970s housing estate, we look at contemporary concerns and debates about the way the past is shaped, physically and metaphorically , by these two aspects of heritage management.Starting from the position that the fundamental purpose of the whole process is to communicate understanding about the human past, these essays examine how far the ideologies, strategies, tactics and techniques of preservation and presentation are mutually supportive. the success of integrated approaches that are inclusive of social, economic and green environmental concerns is understood, but the value of developing truly sustainable management for individual historic places is only just becoming evident. At the heart of such an approach lies a crucial relationship between the activity of preserving historic places and of promoting understanding of their significance.Museum Architecture: A New Biography (Museum Meanings Ser.)
Par Suzanne MacLeod. 2013
Recent decades have witnessed an explosion of museum building around the world and the subsequent publication of multiple texts dedicated…
to the subject. Museum Architecture: A new biography focuses on the stories we tell of museum buildings in order to explore the nature of museum architecture and the problems of architectural history when applied to the museum and gallery. Starting from a discussion of the key issues in contemporary museum design, the book explores the role of architectural history in the prioritisation of specific stories of museum building and museum architects and the exclusion of other actors from the history of museum making. These omissions have contemporary relevance and impact directly on the ways in which the physical structures of museums are shaped. Theoretically, the book places a particular emphasis on the work of Pierre Bourdieu and Henri Lefebvre in order to establish an understanding of buildings as social relations; the outcome of complex human interactions and relationships. The book utilises a micro history, an in-depth case study of the ‘National Gallery of the North’, the Walker Art Gallery in Liverpool, to expose the myriad ways in which museum architecture is made. Coupled with this detailed exploration is an emphasis on contemporary museum design which utilises the understanding of the social realities of museum making to explore ideas for a socially sustainable museum architecture fit for the twenty-first century.Conservation Skills: Judgement, Method and Decision Making
Par Chris Caple. 2009
Conservation Skills provides an overview of the issues facing conservators of historic and artistic works. It not only describes the…
nature of conservation but also provides an ethical framework to which the conservation of objects can be related. Drawing on case studies of well-known objects such as the body of Lindow Man and the Statue of Liberty it addresses the following issues: * perception, judgement and learning * reasons for preserving the past * the nature and history of conservation * conservation ethics * recording, investigating, cleaning objects * stabilisation and restoration * preventive conservation * decision making and responsibilities.Ancient Alterity in the Andes: A Recognition of Others
Par George F. Lau. 2013
Ancient Alterity in the Andes is the first major treatment on ancient alterity: how people in the past regarded others.…
At least since the 1970s, alterity has been an influential concept in different fields, from art history, psychology and philosophy, to linguistics and ethnography. Having gained steam in concert with postmodernism’s emphasis on self-reflection and discourse, it is especially significant now as a framework to understand the process of ‘writing’ and understanding the Other: groups, cultures and cosmologies. This book showcases this concept by illustrating how people visualised others in the past, and how it coloured their engagements with them, both physically and cognitively. Alterity has yet to see sustained treatment in archaeology due in great part to the fact that the archaeological record is not always equipped to inform on the subject. Like its kindred concepts, such as identity and ethnicity, alterity is difficult to observe also because it can be expressed at different times and scales, from the individual, family and village settings, to contexts such as nations and empires. It can also be said to ‘reside’ just as well in objects and individuals, as it may in a technique, action or performance. One requires a relevant, holistic data set and multiple lines of evidence. Ancient Alterity in the Andes provides just that by focusing on the great achievements of the ancient Andes during the first millennium AD, centred on a Precolumbian culture, known as Recuay (AD 1-700). Using a new framework of alterity, one based on social others (e.g., kinsfolk, animals, predators, enemies, ancestral dead), the book rethinks cultural relationships with other groups, including the Moche and Nasca civilisations of Peru’s coast, the Chavín cult, and the later Wari, the first Andean empire. In revealing little known patterns in Andean prehistory the book illuminates the ways that archaeologists, in general, can examine alterity through the existing record. Ancient Alterity in the Andes is a substantial boon to the analysis and writing of past cultures, social systems and cosmologies and an important book for those wishing to understand this developing concept in archaeological theory.Heritage and Social Media: Understanding heritage in a participatory culture
Par Elisa Giaccardi. 2012
Heritage and Social Media explores how social media reframes our understanding and experience of heritage. Through the idea of ‘participatory…
culture’ the book begins to examine how social media can be brought to bear on the encounter with heritage and on the socially produced meanings and values that individuals and communities ascribe to it. To highlight the specific changes produced by social media, the book is structured around three major themes: Social Practice. New ways of understanding and experiencing heritage are emerging as a result of novel social practices of collection, representation, and communication enabled and promoted by social media. Public Formation. In the presence of widely available social technologies, peer-to-peer activities such as information and media sharing are rapidly gaining momentum, as they increasingly promote and legitimate a participatory culture in which individuals aggregate on the basis of common interests and affinities. Sense of Place. As computing becomes more pervasive and digital networks extend our surroundings, social media and technologies support new ways to engage with the people, interpretations and values that pertain to a specific territorial setting. Heritage and Social Media provides readers with a critical framework to understand how the participatory culture fostered by social media changes the way in which we experience and think of heritage. By introducing readers to how social media are theorized and used, particularly outside the institutional domain, the volume reveals through groundbreaking case studies the emerging heritage practices unique to social media. In doing so, the book unveils the new issues that are emerging from these practices and the new space for debate and critical argumentation that is required to illuminate what can be done in this burgeoning sector of heritage work.Early Dynastic Egypt
Par Toby A.H. Wilkinson. 2001
Early Dynastic Egypt spans the five centuries preceding the construction of the Great Pyramid at Giza. This was the formative…
period of ancient Egyptian civilization, and it witnessed the creation of a distinctive culture that was to endure for 3,000 years. This book examines the background to that great achievement, the mechanisms by which it was accomplished, and the character of life in the Nile valley during the first 500 years of Pharaonic rule.The results of over thirty years of international scholarship and excavation are presented in a single highly illustrated volume. It traces the re-discovery of Early Dynastic Egypt, explains how the dynasties established themselves in government and concludes by examining the impact of the early state on individual communities and regions.Neolithic Farming in Central Europe examines the nature of the earliest crop cultivation, a subject that illuminates the lives of…
Neolithic farming families and the day-to-day reality of the transition from hunting and gathering to farming. Debate surrounding the nature of crop husbandry in Neolithic central Europe has focussed on the permanence of cultivation, its intensity and its seasonality: variables that carry different implications for Neolithic society. Amy Bogaard reviews the archaeological evidence for four major competing models of Neolithic crop husbandry - shifting cultivation, extensive plough cultivation, floodplain cultivation and intensive garden cultivation - and evaluates charred crop and weed assemblages. Her conclusions identify the most appropriate model of cultivation, and highlight the consequences of these agricultural practices for our understanding of Neolithic societies in central Europe.Gendering Spanish Democracy (Routledge Advances in European Politics #Vol. 20)
Par Monica Threlfall, Christine Cousins, Celia Valiente. 2004
This book provides an up-to-date critical assessment of gender in Spain with reference to the key social and political fields.…
It addresses aspects of women's experience such as the public spheres of elective politics, public policy-making and the labour market. This is underpinned by an in-depth analysis of underlying dynamics and structures that contribute to shaping gender relations in Spain, including women's activism, the family and the state social security system.Re-Imagining the Museum: Beyond the Mausoleum (Museum Meanings)
Par Andrea Witcomb. 2002
Re-Imagining the Museum presents new interpretations of museum history and contemporary museum practices. Through a range of case studies from…
the UK, North America and Australia, Andrea Witcomb moves away from the idea that museums are always 'conservative' to suggest they have a long history of engaging with popular culture and addressing a variety of audiences. She argues that museums are key mediators between high and popular culture and between government, media practitioners, cultural policy-makers and museums professionals. Analyzing links between museums and the media, looking at the role of museums in cities, and discussing the effects on museums of cultural policies, Re-Imagining the Museum presents a vital tool in the study of museum practice.A Slice Through Time: Dendrochronology and Precision Dating
Par M.G.L. Baillie. 1995
The dramatic development of European oak chronologies over the last ten years parallels and supplements the bristlecone-pine chronology in the…
United States. Dendrochronologists can now provide a wood sample - a time capsule of biological material - for any calender date over the last seven millennia from two continents. For archaeologists, resigned to the imprecision of radiocarbon dating, the implications are profound. For the first time it is possible to establish precise dates for prehistoric events. Similarly, we have an independent and scientifically objective way of testing historical accounts, such as the traditional Egyptian chronology. Equally fundamental are the insights provided by the related disciplines of dendroecology and dendroclimatology. The Bronze Age eruption of Santorini and the AD 540 `event' are explored as fascinating case studies. Drawing on a further decade of research by himself and others, Mike Baille not only brings the pre-1980 story up to date, but demonstrates the wide and exciting applications of this comparatively new science.The Presented Past: Heritage, Museums and Education (One World Archaeology)
Par B. L. Molyneaux, P. G. Stone. 1994
The Presented Past is concerned with the differences between the comparatively static, well-understood way in which the past is presented…
in schools, museums and at historic sites compared to the approaches currently being explored in contemporary archaeology. It challenges the all-too-frequent representation of the past as something finished, understood and objective, rather than something that is `constructed' and therefore open to co-existing interpretations and constant re-interpretation. Central to the book is the belief that the presentation of the past in school curricula and in museum and site interpretations will benefit from a greater use of non-documentary sources derived from archaeological study and oral histories. The book suggests that a view of the past incorporating a larger body of evidence and a wider variety of understanding will help to invigorate the way history is taught. The Presented Past will be of interest to teachers, archaeologists, cultural resource managers, in fact anyone who is concerned with how the past is presented.Stone Tools & Society: Working Stone In Neolithic And Bronze Age Britain
Par Mark Edmonds. 1995
Stone tools are the most durable and, in some cases, the only category of material evidence that students of prehistory…
have at their disposal. Exploring the changing character and context of stone tools in Neolithic and Bronze Age Britain, Mark Edmonds examines the varied ways in which these artefacts were caught up in the fabric of past social life. Key themes include:stone tool procurement and production * the nature of technological traditions * stone tools and social identity * the nature of exchange and the significance of depositional practices. As well as contributing to current debate about the interpretation of material culture, Dr. Edmonds uses the evidence of stone tools to reconsider some of the major horizons of change in later British prehistory.From the production of tools at spectacularly located quarries to their ceremonial burial or destruction at ritual monuments, this well-illustrated study demonstrates that our understanding of these varied and sometimes enigmatic artefacts requires a concern with their social, as well as their practical dimensions.The Archaeology of Time (Themes in Archaeology Series)
Par Gavin Lucas. 2004
It might seem obvious that time lies at the heart of archaeology, since archaeology is about the past. However, the…
issue of time is complicated and often problematic, and although we take it very much for granted, our understanding of time affects the way we do archaeology.This book is an introduction not just to the issues of chronology and dating, but time as a theoretical concept and how this is understood and employed in contemporary archaeology. It provides a full discussion of chronology and change, time and the nature of the archaeological record, and the perception of time and history in past societies. Drawing on a wide range of archaeological examples from a variety of regions and periods, The Archaeology of Time provides students with a crucial source book on one of the key themes of archaeology.European Landscapes of Rock-Art
Par George Nash, Christopher Chippindale. 2001
Rock-art - the ancient images which still scatter the rocky landscapes of Europe - is a singular kind of archaeological…
evidence. Fixed in place, it does not move about as artefacts as trade objects do. Enigmatic in its meaning, it uniquely offers a direct record of how prehistoric Europeans saw and envisioned their own worlds. European Landscapes of Rock-Art provides a number of case studies, covering arange of European locations including Ireland, Italy, Scandinavia, Scotland and Spain, which collectively address the chronology and geography of rock-art as well as providing an essential series of methodologies for future debate. Each author provides a synthesis that focuses on landscape as an essential part of rock-art construction. From the paintings and carved images of prehistoric Scandinavia to Second World War grafitti on the German Reichstag, this volume looks beyond the art to the society that made it. The papers in this volume also challenge the traditional views of how rock-art is recorded. Throughout, there is an emphasis on informal and informed methodologies. The authors skilfully discuss subjectivity and its relationship with landscape since personal experience, from prehistoric times to the present day, plays an essential role in the interpretation of art itself. The emphasis is on location, on the intentionality of the artist, and on the needs of the audience. This exciting volume is a crucial addition to rock-art literature and landscape archaeology. It will provide new material for a lively and greatly debated subject and as such will be essential for academics, non-academics and commentators of rock art in general.The Past in Contemporary Society: Then, Now (Heritage: Care-Preservation-Management)
Par Peter Fowler. 2002