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Quantifying the Evolution of Early Life
Par James D. Schiffbauer, Marc Laflamme, Stephen Q. Dornbos. 2010
This volume provides a detailed description of a wide range of numerical, statistical or modeling techniques and novel instrumentation separated…
into individual chapters written by paleontologists with expertise in the given methodology. Each chapter outlines the strengths and limitations of specific numerical or technological approaches, and ultimately applies the chosen method to a real fossil dataset or sample type. A unifying theme throughout the book is the evaluation of fossils during the prologue and epilogue of one of the most exciting events in Earth History: the Cambrian radiation.Contemporary Critical Criminology
Par Walter S. DeKeseredy. 2011
The concept of critical criminology – that crime and the present day processes of criminalization are rooted in the core…
structures of society – is of more relevance today than it has been at any other time. Written by an internationally renowned scholar, Contemporary Critical Criminology introduces the most up-to-date empirical, theoretical, and political contributions made by critical criminologists around the world. In its exploration of this material, the book also challenges the erroneous but widely held notion that the critical criminological project is restricted to mechanically applying theories to substantive topics, or to simple calling for radical political, economic, cultural, and social transformations. This book is an essential source of reference for both undergraduate and postgraduate students of Criminology, Criminal Theory, Social Policy, Research Methodology, and Penology.Early Miocene Paleobiology in Patagonia
Par Sergio F. Vizcaíno, Richard F. Kay, M. Susana Bargo. 2012
Coastal exposures of the Santa Cruz Formation in southern Patagonia have been a fertile ground for recovery of Early Miocene…
vertebrates for more than 100 years. This volume presents a comprehensive compilation of important mammalian groups which continue to thrive today. It includes the most recent fossil finds as well as important new interpretations based on 10 years of fieldwork by the authors. A key focus is placed on the paleoclimate and paleoenvironment during the time of deposition in the Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum (MMCO) between 20 and 15 million years ago. The authors present the first reconstruction of what climatic conditions were like and present important new evidence of the geochronological age, habits and community structures of fossil bird and mammal species. Academic researchers and graduate students in paleontology, paleobiology, paleoecology, stratigraphy, climatology and geochronology will find this a valuable source of information about this fascinating geological formation.Human Rights in Armed Conflict: Law, Practice, Policy
Par Gerd Oberleitner. 2015
It is now widely accepted that international human rights law applies in situations of armed conflict alongside international humanitarian law,…
but the contours and consequences of this development remain unclear. This book revisits, organizes and contextualizes the debate on human rights in armed conflict and explores the legal challenges, operational consequences and policy implications of resorting to human rights in situations of inter- and intra-state violence. It presents the benefits and the drawbacks of using international human rights law alongside humanitarian law and discusses how the idea, law and policy of human rights influence the development of the law of armed conflict. Based on legal theory, policy analysis, state practice and the work of human rights bodies it suggests a human rights-oriented reading of the law of armed conflict as feasible and necessary in response to the changing character of war.Giants of the Lost World: Dinosaurs and Other Extinct Monsters of South America
Par Donald R Prothero. 2016
More than a hundred years ago, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle wrote a novel called The Lost World with the exciting…
premise that dinosaurs and other prehistoric beasts still ruled in South America. Little did Conan Doyle know, there were terrifying monsters in South America--they just happened to be extinct. In fact, South America has an incredible history as a land where many strange creatures evolved and died out. In his book Giants of the Lost World: Dinosaurs and Other Extinct Monsters of South America, Donald R. Prothero uncovers the real science and history behind this fascinating story. The largest animal ever discovered was the huge sauropod dinosaur Argentinosaurus, which was about 130 feet long and weighed up to 100 tons. The carnivorous predator Giganotosaurus weighed in at more than 8 tons and measured more than 47 feet long, dwarfing the T. rex in comparison. Gigantic anacondas broke reptile records; possums evolved into huge saber-toothed predators; and ground sloths grew larger than elephants in this strange, unknown land. Prothero presents the scientific details about each of these prehistoric beasts, provides a picture of the ancient landscapes they once roamed, and includes the stories of the individuals who first discovered their fossils for a captivating account of a lost world that is stranger than fiction.The Politics of Inequality in Russia
Par Thomas F. Remington. 1978
This book investigates the relationship between the character of political regimes in Russia's subnational regions and the structure of earnings…
and income. Based on extensive data from Russian official sources and surveys conducted by the World Bank, the book shows that income inequality is higher in more pluralistic regions. It argues that the relationship between firms and government differs between more democratic and more authoritarian regional regimes. In more democratic regions, business firms and government have more cooperative relations, restraining the power of government over business and encouraging business to invest more, pay more and report more of their wages. Average wages are higher in more democratic regions and poverty is lower, but wage and income inequality are also higher. The book argues that the rising inequality in postcommunist Russia reflects the inability of a weak state to carry out a redistributive social policy.Victims and Warriors: Violence, History, and Memory in Amazonia
Par Casey High. 2015
"Casey High weaves together memories, facts and fantasies as these occur in contemporary Ecuadorian Amazonia, offering us a fascinating picture…
of Waorani life today. This highly original book takes us a step further in the understanding of current sociocultural transformations among Amazonian indigenous peoples." --Carlos Fausto, National Museum, Federal University of Rio de JaneiroApplications of Palaeontology
Par Robert Wynn Jones. 2011
Palaeontology, the scientific study of fossils, has developed from a descriptive science to an analytical science used to interpret relationships…
between earth and life history. This book provides a comprehensive and thematic treatment of applied palaeontology, covering the use of fossils in the ordering of rocks in time and in space, in biostratigraphy, palaeobiology and sequence stratigraphy. Robert Wynn Jones presents a practical workflow for applied palaeontology, including sample acquisition, preparation and analysis, and interpretation and integration. He then presents numerous case studies that demonstrate the applicability and value of the subject to areas such as petroleum, mineral and coal exploration and exploitation, engineering geology and environmental science. Specialist applications outside of the geosciences (including archaeology, forensic science, medical palynology, entomopalynology and melissopalynology) are also addressed. Abundantly illustrated and referenced, Applications of Palaeontology provides a user-friendly reference for academic researchers and professionals across a range of disciplines and industry settings.Occupying Syria under the French Mandate
Par Daniel Neep. 2012
What role does military force play during a colonial occupation? The answer seems obvious: coercion crushes local resistance, quashes political…
dissent, and consolidates the dominance of the occupying power. However, as this discerning and theoretically rigorous study suggests, violence can have much more ambiguous consequences. Set in Syria during the French Mandate from 1920 to 1946, the book explores a turbulent period in which conflict between armed Syrian insurgents and French military forces not only determined the strategic objectives of the colonial state, but also transformed how the colonial state organised, controlled, and understood Syrian society, geography, and population. In addition to the coercive techniques of airpower, collective punishment, and colonial policing, the book shows how civilian technologies such as urban planning and engineering were also commandeered in the effort to undermine rebel advances. In this way, colonial violence had a lasting effect in Syria, shaping a peculiar form of social order that endured well after the French occupation. As the conclusion surmises, the interplay between violence, spatial colonisation, and pacification continues to resonate with recent developments in the region.Throwing Stones at the Moon
Par Sibylla Brodzinsky, Max Schoening. 2012
For nearly five decades, Colombia has been embroiled in internal armed conflict among guerrilla groups, paramilitary militias, and the country's…
own military. Civilians in Colombia have to make their lives despite the threat of torture, kidnapping, and large-scale massacres-and more than four million have had to flee their homes. The oral histories in Throwing Stones at the Moon describe the most widespread of Colombia's human rights crises: forced displacement. Speakers recount life before displacement, the reasons for their flight, and their struggle to rebuild their lives. Among the narrators:JULIA, a hospital union leader whose fight against corruption led to a brutal attempt on her life. In 2009, assassins tracked her to her home and stabbed her seven times in the face and chest. Since the attack, Julia has undergone eight facial reconstructive surgeries, and continues to live in hiding.DANNY, who at eighteen joined a right-wing paramilitary's enormous training camp in the Eastern Plains of Colombia. Initially lured by the promise of quick money, Danny soon realized his mistake and escaped to Ecuador. He describes his harrowing escape and his struggle to survive as a refugee with two young children to support.I Ask for Justice: Maya Women, Dictators, and Crime in Guatemala, 1898-1944
Par David Carey. 2013
Given Guatemala's record of human rights abuses, its legal system has often been portrayed as illegitimate and anemic. I Ask…
for Justice challenges that perception by demonstrating that even though the legal system was not always just, rural Guatemalans considered it a legitimate arbiter of their grievances and an important tool for advancing their agendas. As both a mirror and an instrument of the state, the judicial system simultaneously illuminates the limits of state rule and the state's ability to co-opt Guatemalans by hearing their voices in court. Against the backdrop of two of Latin America's most oppressive regimes-the dictatorships of Manuel Estrada Cabrera (1898-1920) and General Jorge Ubico (1931-1944)-David Carey Jr. explores the ways in which indigenous people, women, and the poor used Guatemala's legal system to manipulate the boundaries between legality and criminality. Using court records that are surprisingly rich in Maya women's voices, he analyzes how bootleggers, cross-dressers, and other litigants crafted their narratives to defend their human rights. Revealing how nuances of power, gender, ethnicity, class, and morality were constructed and contested, this history of crime and criminality demonstrates how Maya men and women attempted to improve their socioeconomic positions and to press for their rights with strategies that ranged from the pursuit of illicit activities to the deployment of the legal system.Revolution Interrupted
Par Tyrell Haberkorn. 2011
In October 1973 a mass movement forced Thailand's prime minister to step down and leave the country, ending nearly forty…
years of dictatorship. Three years later, in a brutal reassertion of authoritarian rule, Thai state and para-state forces quashed a demonstration at Thammasat University in Bangkok. InRevolution Interrupted, Tyrell Haberkorn focuses on this period when political activism briefly opened up the possibility for meaningful social change. Tenant farmers and their student allies fomented revolution, she shows, not by picking up guns but by invoking laws-laws that the Thai state ultimately proved unwilling to enforce. In choosing the law as their tool to fight unjust tenancy practices, farmers and students departed from the tactics of their ancestors and from the insurgent methods of the Communist Party of Thailand. To first imagine and then create a more just future, they drew on their own lived experience and the writings of Thai Marxian radicals of an earlier generation, as well as New Left, socialist, and other progressive thinkers from around the world. Yet their efforts were quickly met with harassment, intimidation, and assassinations of farmer leaders. More than thirty years later, the assassins remain unnamed. Drawing on hundreds of newspaper articles, cremation volumes, activist and state documents, and oral histories, Haberkorn reveals the ways in which the established order was undone and then reconsolidated. Examining this turbulent period through a new optic-interrupted revolution-she shows how the still unnameable violence continues to constrict political opportunity and to silence dissent in present-day Thailand.Evolution of South American Mammalian Predators During the Cenozoic: Paleobiogeographic and Paleoenvironmental Contingencies
Par Francisco J. Prevosti, Analía M. Forasiepi. 2017
This book summarizes the evolution of carnivorous mammals in the Cenozoic of South America. It presents paleontological information on the…
two main mammalian carnivorous groups in South America; Metatheria and Eutheria. The topics include the origin, systematics, phylogeny, paleoecology and evolution of the Sparassodonta and Carnivora. The book is based on a wide variety of published sources from the last few decades.A Thousand Dreams: Vancouver's Downtown Eastside and the Fight for Its Future
Par Neil Boyd, Larry Campbell, Lori Culbert. 2009
In this mix of history, journalism, political analysis, and first-person accounts, former chief coroner and Vancouver mayor Larry Campbell, renowned…
criminologist Neil Boyd, and investigative journalist Lori Culbert, offer a portrait of one of North America's poorest, most drug-challenged neighbourhoods: Vancouver's Downtown Eastside.A Thousand Dreams raises provocative questions about the challenges confronting not only Vancouver's Downtown Eastside but also all of North America's major cities and offers concrete, urgently needed solutions, including:Continued support for Insite, the safe injection siteDecriminalization of prostitution and drugsThe transfer of addiction services to the Health Ministry, allowing detox into the medical systemMore government-funded SROs and more affordable social housingRadical Sensations: World Movements, Violence, and Visual Culture
Par Shelley Streeby. 2013
The significant anarchist, black, and socialist world-movements that emerged in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth adapted discourses of…
sentiment and sensation and used the era's new forms of visual culture to move people to participate in projects of social, political, and economic transformation. Drawing attention to the vast archive of images and texts created by radicals prior to the 1930s, Shelley Streeby analyzes representations of violence and of abuses of state power in response to the Haymarket police riot, of the trial and execution of the Chicago anarchists, and of the mistreatment and imprisonment of Ricardo and Enrique Flores Magón and other members of the Partido Liberal Mexicano. She considers radicals' reactions to and depictions of U. S. imperialism, state violence against the Yaqui Indians in the U. S. -Mexico borderlands, the failure of the United States to enact laws against lynching, and the harsh repression of radicals that accelerated after the United States entered the First World War. By focusing on the adaptation and critique of sentiment, sensation, and visual culture by radical world-movements in the period between the Haymarket riots of 1886 and the deportation of Marcus Garvey in 1927, Streeby sheds new light on the ways that these movements reached across national boundaries, criticized state power, and envisioned alternative worlds.Streets, Bedrooms, and Patios
Par Michael James Higgins. 2000
Diversity characterises the people of Oaxaca, Mexico. Within this city of half a million, residents are rising against traditional barriers…
of race and class, defining new gender roles, and expanding access for the disabled. In this rich ethnography of the city, Michael Higgins and Tanya Coen explore how these activities fit into the ordinary daily lives of the people of Oaxaca. Higgins and Coen focus their attention on groups that are often marginalised - the urban poor, transvestite and female prostitutes,discapacitados(the physically challenged), gays and lesbians, and artists and intellectuals. Blending portraits of and comments by group members with their own ethnographic observations, the authors reveal how such issues as racism, sexism, sexuality, spirituality, and class struggle play out in the people's daily lives and in grassroots political activism. By doing so, they translate the abstract concepts of social action and identity formation into the actual lived experiences of real people. Michael James Higgins is Professor of Anthropology at the University of Northern Colorado. Tanya L. Coen is Co-Director of Zocalero Creative Cultural Productions in San Francisco. Together they also wrote¡Oigame! ¡Oigame!: Struggle and Social Change in a Nicaraguan Urban Community.The Geology of Australia
Par David Johnson, Robert Henderson. 2016
The Geology of Australia provides a vivid and informative account of the evolution of the Australian continent over the last…
4400 million years Starting with the Precambrian rocks that hold clues to the origins of life and the development of an oxygenated atmosphere it goes on to cover the warm seas volcanism and episodes of mountain building which formed the eastern third of the Australian continent This illuminating history details the breakup of the supercontinents Rodinia and Gondwana the times of previous glaciations the development of climates and landscapes in modern Australia and the creation of the continental shelves and coastlines Separate chapters cover the origin of the Great Barrier Reef the basalts in Eastern Australia and the geology of the Solar System This second edition features two new chapters covering the evolution of life on Earth while emphasising the fossil record in Australia and providing a geological perspective on climate change From Uluru to the Great Dividing Range from earthquakes to dinosaurs from sapphires to the stars The Geology of Australia is a comprehensive exploration of the timeless forces that have shaped this continentTikal
Par Vernon L. Scarborough, David L. Lentz, David L. Lentz Nicholas P. Dunning, Nicholas P. Dunning. 2015
The primary theoretical question addressed in this book focuses on the lingering concern of how the ancient Maya in the…
northern Petén Basin were able to sustain large populations in the midst of a tropical forest environment during the Late Classic period. This book asks how agricultural intensification was achieved and how essential resources, such as water and forest products, were managed in both upland areas and seasonal wetlands, or bajos. All of these activities were essential components of an initially sustainable land use strategy that eventually failed to meet the demands of an escalating population. This spiraling disconnect with sound ecological principles undoubtedly contributed to the Maya collapse. The book's findings provide insights that broaden the understanding of the rise of social complexity - the expansion of the political economy, specifically - and, in general terms, the trajectory of cultural evolution of the ancient Maya civilization.Clandestine Political Violence
Par Donatella Della Porta. 2013
Clandestine Political Violence compares four types of clandestine political violence: left-wing (in Italy and Germany), right-wing (in Italy), ethnonationalist (in…
Spain) and religious fundamentalist (in Islamist clandestine organizations). Oriented toward theory building, Della Porta develops her own definition of clandestine political violence. Building on the most recent developments in social movement studies, Della Porta proposes an original interpretative model. Using a unique research design, she singles out some common causal mechanisms at the onset, during the persistence and at the demise of clandestine political violence. The development of the phenomenon is located within the interactions among social movements, countermovements and the state. She pays particular attention to the ways different actors cognitively construct the reality they act upon. Based on original empirical research as well as existing research in many languages, this book is rich in empirical evidence on some of the most crucial cases of clandestine political violence.Welcome to the Bangkok Slaughterhouse
Par Jerry Hopkins, Father Joe Maier. 2005
For twenty-five years, Father Joe Maier, a Catholic priest, has lived and worked in Bangkok's bleakest slums, establishing more than…
thirty schools, five shelters for street kids, and several projects for women and children with AIDS, working with and against authority, earning enmity and praise in equal measure. In this book, he tells the heartbreaking and heartwarming stories of the poorest of Thailand's poor, each a gem guaranteed to bring anger, tears, and joy. 100% of all proceeds will be donated to the Human Development Fund in Bangkok, Thailand