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Forgotten Islands of Indonesia
Par Joss Van Dijk, Nico Dejonge. 1995
This beautiful book contains over 170 unique photographs and pictures of one of the most interesting but least well known…
cultures in the Indonesian Archipelago.The traditional art of Maluku Tenggara, the Southeast Moluccas, is among the most sophisticated and expressive in the world. Simple tools were used to create masterpieces in wood, stone, textiles and precious metals, while the plaited work and earthenware of these islands are also of the very highest quality.the colonial period plunged the region into hopeless isolation. During the harsh rule of the Dutch many traditional woks of art, especially ancestor statues, were destroyed. Later, collectors stripped the islands of their masterpieces and the culture of Maluka Tenggara was forgotten.Forgotten Islands of Indonesia presents a unique survey of the finest examples of Southeast Moluccan art. This volume contains many photographs and descriptions which have never before been published. Set against the cultural background and supplemented by rare photographs taken in the field, the material culture of Maluku Tenggara, which is regarded as one of the most fascinating areas of Indonesia, is presented here comprehensively for the first time.Forgotten Islands of Indonesia
Par Joss Van Dijk, Nico Dejonge. 1995
This beautiful book contains over 170 unique photographs and pictures of one of the most interesting but least well known…
cultures in the Indonesian Archipelago.The traditional art of Maluku Tenggara, the Southeast Moluccas, is among the most sophisticated and expressive in the world. Simple tools were used to create masterpieces in wood, stone, textiles and precious metals, while the plaited work and earthenware of these islands are also of the very highest quality.the colonial period plunged the region into hopeless isolation. During the harsh rule of the Dutch many traditional woks of art, especially ancestor statues, were destroyed. Later, collectors stripped the islands of their masterpieces and the culture of Maluka Tenggara was forgotten.Forgotten Islands of Indonesia presents a unique survey of the finest examples of Southeast Moluccan art. This volume contains many photographs and descriptions which have never before been published. Set against the cultural background and supplemented by rare photographs taken in the field, the material culture of Maluku Tenggara, which is regarded as one of the most fascinating areas of Indonesia, is presented here comprehensively for the first time.Forgery, Replica, Fiction: Temporalities of German Renaissance Art
Par Christopher Wood. 2008
Today we often identify artifacts with the period when they were made. In more traditional cultures, however, such objects as…
pictures, effigies, and buildings were valued not as much for their chronological age as for their perceived links to the remote origins of religions, nations, monasteries, and families. As a result, Christopher Wood argues, pre-modern Germans tended not to distinguish between older buildings and their newer replacements, or between ancient icons and more recent forgeries. But Wood shows that over the course of the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries, emerging replication technologies-- such as woodcut, copper engraving, and movable type-- altered the relationship between artifacts and time. Mechanization highlighted the artifice, materials, and individual authorship necessary to create an object, calling into question the replica's ability to represent a history that was not its own. Meanwhile, print catalyzed the new discipline of archaeological scholarship, which began to draw sharp distinctions between true and false claims about the past. Ultimately, as forged replicas lost their value as historical evidence, they found a new identity as the intentionally fictional image-making we have come to understand as art.Science, Museums and Collecting the Indigenous Dead in Colonial Australia
Par Paul Turnbull. 2017
This book draws on over twenty years' investigation of scientific archives in Europe, Australia, and other former British settler colonies.…
It explains how and why skulls and other bodily structures of Indigenous Australians became the focus of scientific curiosity about the nature and origins of human diversity from the early years of colonisation in the late eighteenth century to Australia achieving nationhood at the turn of the twentieth century. The last thirty years have seen the world's indigenous peoples seek the return of their ancestors' bodily remains from museums and medical schools throughout the western world. Turnbull reveals how the remains of the continent's first inhabitants were collected during the long nineteenth century by the plundering of their traditional burial places. He also explores the question of whether museums also acquired the bones of men and women who were killed in Australian frontier regions by military, armed police and settlers.Stone Tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic Near East
Par John J. Shea. 2013
Stone Tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic Near East: A Guide surveys the lithic record for the East Mediterranean Levant…
(Lebanon, Syria, Israel, Jordan, and adjacent territories) from the earliest times to 6,500 years ago. It is intended both as an introduction to this lithic evidence for students and as a resource for researchers working with Paleolithic and Neolithic stone tool evidence. Written by a lithic analyst and professional flintknapper, this book systematically examines variation in technology, typology, and industries for the Lower, Middle, and Upper Paleolithic; the Epipaleolithic; and Neolithic periods in the Near East. It is extensively illustrated with drawings of stone tools. In addition to surveying the lithic evidence, the book also considers ways in which archaeological treatment of this evidence could be changed to make it more relevant to major issues in human origins research. A final chapter shows how change in stone tool designs point to increasing human dependence on stone tools across the long sweep of Stone Age prehistory.Romancing the Maya: Mexican Antiquity in the American Imagination, 1820-1915
Par R. Tripp Evans. 2004
During Mexico's first century of independence, European and American explorers rediscovered its pre-Hispanic past. Finding the jungle-covered ruins of lost…
cities and artifacts inscribed with unintelligible hieroglyphs--and having no idea of the age, authorship, or purpose of these antiquities--amateur archaeologists, artists, photographers, and religious writers set about claiming Mexico's pre-Hispanic patrimony as a rightful part of the United States' cultural heritage.In this insightful work, Tripp Evans explores why nineteenth-century Americans felt entitled to appropriate Mexico's cultural heritage as the United States' own. He focuses in particular on five well-known figures--American writer and amateur archaeologist John Lloyd Stephens, British architect Frederick Catherwood, Joseph Smith, founder of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, and the French émigré photographers Désiré Charnay and Augustus Le Plongeon. Setting these figures in historical and cultural context, Evans uncovers their varying motives, including the Manifest Destiny-inspired desire to create a national museum of American antiquities in New York City, the attempt to identify the ancient Maya as part of the Lost Tribes of Israel (and so substantiate the Book of Mormon), and the hope of proving that ancient Mesoamerica was the cradle of North American and even Northern European civilization. Fascinating stories in themselves, these accounts of the first explorers also add an important new chapter to the early history of Mesoamerican archaeology.The Western European Loess Belt
Par Corrie C. Bakels. 2009
This book deals with the early history of agriculture in a defined part of Western Europe: the loess belt west…
of the river Rhine. It is a well-illustrated book that integrates existing and new information, starting with the first farmers and ending when food production was no longer the chief source of livelihood for the entire population. The loess belt was chosen because it is a region with only one type of soil and climate as these are all-important factors where farming is concerned. Subjects covered are crops, crop cultivation, livestock and livestock handling, the farm and its yard, and the farm in connection with other farms. Crop plants and animals are described, together with their origin. New tools such as the plough, wheen, wagon and scythe are introduced. Groundplans of farm buildings, the history of the outhouse and the presence or absence of hamlets are presented as well, and the impact of farming on the landscape is not forgotten. The loess belt was not an island and the world beyond its boundaries was important for new ideas, new materials and new people. Summarising six millennia of agriculture, the thinking in terms of the Western European loess belt as one agricultural-cultural unit seems justified.Water Civilization
Par Yoshinori Yasuda. 2012
The book is comprised of three parts: 1) Discovery of the origin of rice agriculture and Yangtze River civilization in…
southern China was mainly based on the investigation of the Chentoushan archaeological site which is the earliest urban settlement in East Asia. The origin of rice cultivation can be traced back to 10000 BCE and the urban settlement starts at 6000 BP; 2) Collapse of the Yangtze River civilization at 4200 BP. Palaeoenvironmental studies including the analyses of annually laminated sediments in East and Southeast Asia indicate the close relationship between climate change and the rise and fall of the rice cultivating and fishing civilization ; and 3) Migration of the people from southern China to Southeast Asia after 4200 BP. Archaeological investigation of the Phum Snay site in Cambodia, including the analyses of DNA and human skeletal remains, reveal the close relationship with that of southern China indicating the migration of the people from southern China to Southeast Asia. This publication is an important contribution for understanding the environmental history of China and Cambodia in relation to the rise and fall of rice cultivating and fishing civilization which we call water civilization.Evolution of South American Mammalian Predators During the Cenozoic: Paleobiogeographic and Paleoenvironmental Contingencies
Par Francisco J. Prevosti, Analía M. Forasiepi. 2017
This book summarizes the evolution of carnivorous mammals in the Cenozoic of South America. It presents paleontological information on the…
two main mammalian carnivorous groups in South America; Metatheria and Eutheria. The topics include the origin, systematics, phylogeny, paleoecology and evolution of the Sparassodonta and Carnivora. The book is based on a wide variety of published sources from the last few decades.Maize Cobs and Cultures: History of Zea mays L.
Par John Staller. 2010
Our perceptions and conceptions regarding the roles and importance of maize to ancient economies is largely a product of scientific…
research on the plant itself, developed for the most part out of botanical research, and its recent role as one of the most important economic staples in the world. Anthropological research in the early part of the last century based largely upon the historical particularistic approach of the Boasian tradition provided the first evidence that challenged the assumptions about the economic importance of maize to sociocultural developments for scholars of prehistory. Subsequent ethnobotanic and archaeological studies showed that the role of maize among Native American cultures was much more complex than just as a food staple. In Maize Cobs and Cultures, John Staller provides a survey of the ethnohistory and the scientific, botanical and biological research of maize, complemented by reviews on the ethnobotanic, interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary methodologies.Flowerdew Hundred: The Archaeology of a Virginia Plantation, 1619-1864
Par James Deetz. 1993
Archaeological excavations began in the 1970s to reconstruct some 250 years of life at the 1,000 acre plantation that Virginia's…
first governor established roughly halfway between present-day Richmond and Williamsburg. Deetz (anthropology, U. of Virginia) presents some of the findings and pays particular attention to archaeology's value in fleshing out the stories of people omitted from written records, or included in only minimal or biased ways. Annotation c. by Book News, Inc., Portland, Or.A Favored Place: San Juan River Wetlands, Central Veracruz, A.D. 500 to the Present
Par Alfred H. Siemens. 1998
I doubt there is a wetland environment anywhere in the Americas inhabited, used, and modified as long as San Juan…
Basin, and by as many cultures with different technologies. This story needs to be told. --William E. Doolittle, Professor of Geography, University of Texas at Austin The wetlands of the San Juan Basin in Central Veracruz, Mexico, have been a favored place since the fifth century A. D. , when Prehispanic people built an extensive network of canals and raised fields that allowed for almost year-round agriculture. Alfred Siemens' discovery of the remains of this network in the 1970s led him to uncover fifteen centuries of land-use history in the region. This book contains a full record of his findings. Siemens organizes his history of the San Juan Basin around the question: What relationships exist between Prehispanic agriculture and the production systems of the tropical lowlands in our own time? This focus allows him to chart the changes in human perceptions and uses of the landscape, from the Prehispanic wetland agricultural system to the drained pastures of today's cattle ranches. Amplified with air oblique photography, maps, and tables, and enriched with data from archaeology and colonial archives, this is an authoritative historical geography of a wetland landscape. Or, in the author's more modest words, It seems to me that what I have here is a biography of a swamp.Method and Theory in Paleoethnobotany
Par Jade D'Alpoim Guedes, John M. Marston, Christina Warinner. 2014
Paleoethnobotany, the study of archaeological plant remains, is poised at the intersection of the study of the past and concerns…
of the present, including agricultural decision making, biodiversity, and global environmental change, and has much to offer to archaeology, anthropology, and the interdisciplinary study of human relationships with the natural world. Method and Theory in Paleoethnobotany demonstrates those connections and highlights the increasing relevance of the study of past human-plant interactions for understanding the present and future.A diverse and highly regarded group of scholars reference a broad array of literature from around the world as they cover their areas of expertise in the practice and theory of paleoethnobotany--starch grain analysis, stable isotope analysis, ancient DNA, digital data management, and ecological and postprocessual theory.The only comprehensive edited volume focusing on method and theory to appear in the last twenty-five years, Method and Theory in Paleoethnobotany addresses the new areas of inquiry that have become central to contemporary archaeological debates, as well as the current state of theoretical, methodological, and empirical work in paleoethnobotany.Mapping Archaeological Landscapes from Space
Par Douglas C. Comer, Michael J. Harrower. 2013
Given the rising awareness and interest in aerial and satellite remote sensing, there is a need to familiarize archaeologists with…
the basic principles and applications of what have become the most useful technologies. This volume, in the Springerbriefs Archaeologial Heritage Management series, accomplishes this. Contributions to the volume come from those who have been active in developing key technologies as well as those who have been most successful in applying them. Leading experts, most of them from NASA, concisely describe what needs to be understood in order to utilize images produced from data collected by the most important airborne and satellite sensing devices.. Exemplary applications of these technologies are presented in brief by archaeologists who have made notable discoveries using them or have contributed to archaeological resource preservation. Among the technologies examined are those that are undergoing rapid refinement and will be carried by an increasing number of aerial and satellite platforms, such as synthetic aperture radar (SAR), Lidar, and multispectral/hyperspectral sensors, as well as older space technologies now made more useful by the availability of increasingly sophisticated computer hardware and software. Of particular importance is the ability to model how development in and around archaeological sites and landscapes can damage or destroy archaeological materials. Nurturing the development and application of space and aerial technologies in archaeology is therefore a matter of the greatest urgency, an appropriate goal to adopt by governments and universities at the 40th anniversary of the World Heritage Convention. Researchers gain a sense of what is possible by the use of these technologies, and why they should be used.The Sacred Landscape of the Inca: The Cusco Ceque System
Par Brian S. Bauer. 1998
The ceque system of Cusco, the ancient capital of the Inca empire, was perhaps the most complex indigenous ritual system…
in the pre-Columbian Americas. From a center known as the Coricancha (Golden Enclosure) or the Temple of the Sun, a system of 328 huacas (shrines) arranged along 42 ceques (lines) radiated out toward the mountains surrounding the city. This elaborate network, maintained by ayllus (kin groups) that made offerings to the shrines in their area, organized the city both temporally and spiritually. From 1990 to 1995, Brian Bauer directed a major project to document the ceque system of Cusco. In this book, he synthesizes extensive archaeological survey work with archival research into the Inca social groups of the Cusco region, their land holdings, and the positions of the shrines to offer a comprehensive, empirical description of the ceque system. Moving well beyond previous interpretations, Bauer constructs a convincing model of the system's physical form and its relation to the social, political, and territorial organization of Cusco.Mortuary Landscapes of North Africa
Par David L. Stone, Lea Stirling. 2007
Cemetery and landscape studies have been hallmarks of North African archaeology for more than one hundred years. Mortuary Landscapes of…
North Africa is the first book to combine these two fields by considering North African cemeteries within the context of their wider landscapes. This unique perspective allows for new interpretations of notions of identity, community, imperial influence, and sacred space. Based on a wealth of material research from current fieldwork, this collection of essays investigates how North African funerary monuments acted as regional boundaries, markers of identity and status, and barometers of cultural change. The essays cover a broad range in terms of space and time - from southern Libya to eastern Algeria, and from the seventh century BCE to the seventh century CE. A comprehensive introduction explains the importance of the 'landscape perspective' that these studies bring to North African funerary monuments, while individual case-studies address such topics as the African way of death among the Garamantes, the ritual reasons for the location of certain Early Christian tombs, Punic burials, Roman cupula tombs, and the effects of rapid state formation and imperial incorporation on tomb builders. Unique in both scope and perspective, this volume will prove invaluable to a cross-section of archaeological scholars.My Ten Years as a Counterspy
Par Boris Morros, Charles Samuels. 1959
Boris Morros was a successful Hollywood producer and a highly regarded musician and impresario. His life had been a legendary…
success story even in the flamboyant annals of show business. What chain of events in 1936 led him into serving the interests of a Soviet spy ring? What even more dramatic events brought him into the office of the FBI in 1947 to take on the role of a United States counterspy? How did Morros manage to deceive Communist agents and help provide the evidence which resulted, in the exposure and conviction of the, leaders of the spy ring? This book, for the first time, unfolds the entire drama of the ten-year ordeal of Boris Morros.Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis in Archaeological Computational Modeling
Par Marieka Brouwer Burg, Hans Peeters, William A. Lovis. 2016
Thisvolume deals with the pressing issue of uncertainty in archaeological modeling Detecting where and when uncertainty is introduced to…
the modeling process iscritical as are strategies for minimizing reconciling or accommodating suchuncertainty Included chapters provide unique perspectives on uncertainty inarchaeological modeling ranging in both theoretical and methodologicalorientation The strengths and weaknesses of various identification andmitigation techniques are discussed in particular sensitivity analysis Thechapters demonstrate that for archaeological modeling purposes there is noquick fix for uncertainty indeed each archaeological model requires intensiveconsideration of uncertainty and specific applications for calibration andvalidation As very few such techniques have been problematized in a systematicmanner or published in the archaeological literature this volume aims toprovide guidance and direction to other modelers in the field by distillingsome basic principles for model testing derived from insight gathered in thecase studies presented Additionally model applications and their attendantuncertainties are presented from distinct spatio-temporal contexts and willappeal to a broad range of archaeological modelers This volume will also be ofinterest to non-modeling archaeologists as consideration of uncertainty wheninterpreting the archaeological record is also a vital concern for thedevelopment of non-formal or implicit models of human behavior in the pastOverblown
Par John Mueller. 2006
Why have there been no terrorist attacks in the United States since 9/11? It is ridiculously easy for a single…
person with a bomb-filled backpack, or a single explosives-laden automobile, to launch an attack. So why hasn't it happened? The answer is surely not the Department of Homeland Security, which cannot stop terrorists from entering the country, legally or otherwise. It is surely not the Iraq war, which has stoked the hatred of Muslim extremists around the world and wasted many thousands of lives. Terrorist attacks have been regular events for many years -- usually killing handfuls of people, occasionally more than that. Is it possible that there is a simple explanation for the peaceful American homefront? Is it possible that there are no al-Qaeda terrorists here? Is it possible that the war on terror has been a radical overreaction to a rare event? Consider: 80,000 Arab and Muslim immigrants have been subjected to fingerprinting and registration, and more than 5,000 foreign nationals have been imprisoned -- yet there has not been a single conviction for a terrorist crime in America. A handful of plots -- some deadly, some intercepted -- have plagued Europe and elsewhere, and even so, the death toll has been modest. We have gone to war in two countries and killed tens of thousands of people. We have launched a massive domestic wiretapping program and created vast databases of information once considered private. Politicians and pundits have berated us about national security and patriotic duty, while encroaching our freedoms and sending thousands of young men off to die. It is time to consider the hypothesis that dare not speak its name: we have wildly overreacted. Terrorism has been used by murderous groups for many decades, yet even including 9/11, the odds of an American being killed by international terrorism are microscopic. In general, international terrorism doesn't do much damage when considered in almost any reasonable context. The capacity of al-Qaeda or of any similar group to do damage in the United States pales in comparison to the capacity other dedicated enemies, particularly international Communism, have possessed in the past. Lashing out at the terrorist threat is frequently an exercise in self-flagellation because it is usually more expensive than the terrorist attack itself and because it gives the terrorists exactly what they are looking for. Much, probably most, of the money and effort expended on counterterrorism since 2001 (and before, for that matter) has been wasted. The terrorism industry and its allies in the White House and Congress have preyed on our fears and caused enormous damage. It is time to rethink the entire enterprise and spend much smaller amounts on only those things that do matter: intelligence, law enforcement, and disruption of radical groups overseas. Above all, it is time to stop playing into the terrorists' hands, by fear-mongering and helping spread terror itself.The Archaeology of Early China: From Prehistory to the Han Dynasty
Par Gideon Shelach-Lavi. 2015
This volume aims to satisfy a pressing need for an updated account of Chinese archaeology. It covers an extended time…
period from the earliest peopling of China to the unification of the Chinese Empire some two thousand years ago. The geographical coverage includes the traditional focus on the Yellow River basin but also covers China's many other regions. Among the topics covered are the emergence of agricultural communities; the establishment of a sedentary way of life; the development of sociopolitical complexity; advances in lithic technology, ceramics, and metallurgy; and the appearance of writing, large-scale public works, cities, and states. Particular emphasis is placed on the great cultural variations that existed among the different regions and the development of interregional contacts among those societies.