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This Is Your Brain on Stereotypes: How Science Is Tackling Unconscious Bias
Par Tanya Lloyd Kyi, Drew Shannon. 2020
An essential overview of the science behind stereotypes: from why our brains form them to how recognizing them can help…
us be less biased. From the time we're babies, our brains constantly sort and label the world around us --- a skill that's crucial for our survival. But, as adolescents are all too aware, there's a tremendous downside: when we do this to groups of people it can cause great harm. Here's a comprehensive introduction to the science behind stereotypes that will help young people make sense of why we classify people, and how we can change our thinking. It covers the history of identifying stereotypes, secret biases in our brains, and how stereotypes affect our sense of self. Most importantly, it covers current research into how science can help us overcome our biases, offering hope for a future where stereotypes are less prevalent and the world is more fair for everyone. Written by award-winning author Tanya Lloyd Kyi, this timely and hopeful book addresses the issues of discrimination, racism, sexism, ableism and homophobia and offers concrete suggestions on how to make change. It uses scientific inquiry and loads of relatable and interesting examples to explore these uncomfortable topics in age-appropriate and engaging ways. Chapters, sidebars and colorful illustrations break the text into manageable chunks. Besides the many ways this book could be used to inspire frank and in-depth discussions on the importance of addressing stereotypes and bias, it also links to many science and social studies curriculum topics. Backmatter includes an extensive list of sources, suggestions for further reading and an index.Mad for Ads: How Advertising Gets (and Stays) in Our Heads
Par Ian Turner, Erica Fyvie. 2021
This amusing and engaging behind-the-scenes look at advertising and its influence will help kids decode the ads that surround them…
every day and make smart decisions. For children growing up in an advertising-saturated world, here's an eye-opening explanation of what advertising is, how it works and why that matters. The book covers the components of an advertising campaign, from slogans to logos, and the many ways marketers seek to influence behavior, from tapping into fears to using psychological pricing. It then brings these techniques and tools to life by taking readers through the creation of two fictional advertising plans. Along the way, there's information about the strategies that advertisers use to influence their audience, as well as valuable background on how digital technology allows companies to track people and what that means for privacy. It's a savvy look at the business of advertising that teaches children to pay better attention to ads and be more discerning about the messages they find. Award-winning author Erica Fyvie has geared this vital, comprehensive and entertaining look at advertising to children who are just beginning to notice and to be swayed by brands. By building media literacy and promoting critical thinking about all kinds of marketing tools --- from in-game ads to social media “kid influencers” --- the book empowers readers to analyze and respond to what they see every day. Relevant, child-friendly language and examples, along with bold and humorous illustrations by Ian Turner, keep the pages lively and interesting. There are direct curriculum links to language arts, visual arts, technology and social studies lessons. Also included are a glossary, index and selected bibliography.On Dreams (Dover Thrift Editions Ser.)
Par Sigmund Freud, M. D. Eder. 2001
Among the first of Sigmund Freud's many contributions to psychology and psychoanalysis was The Interpretation of Dreams, published in 1900,…
and considered his greatest work -- even by Freud himself. Aware, however, that it was a long and difficult book, he resolved to compile a more concise and accessible version of his ideas on the interpretation of dreams. That shorter work is reprinted here. Since its publication, generations of readers and students have turned to this volume for an authoritative and coherent account of Freud's theory of dreams as distorted wish fulfillment.After contrasting the scientific and popular views of dreams, Freud illustrates the ways in which dreams can be shown to have been influenced by the activities or thoughts of the preceding day. He considers the effect on dreams of such mental mechanisms as condensation, dramatization, displacement, and regard for intelligibility. In addition, the author offers perceptive insights into repression, the three classes of dreams, and censorship within the dream.Students and psychologists will welcome this inexpensive edition of an always-relevant work by the father of modern psychoanalysis. This volume will also appeal to anyone interested in dreams of the workings of the unconscious mind.Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from Each Other
Par Sherry Turkle. 2011
Consider Facebook--it's human contact, only easier to engage with and easier to avoid. Developing technology promises closeness. Sometimes it delivers,…
but much of our modern life leaves us less connected with people and more connected to simulations of them. In Alone Together, MIT technology and society professor Sherry Turkle explores the power of our new tools and toys to dramatically alter our social lives. It's a nuanced exploration of what we are looking for--and sacrificing--in a world of electronic companions and social networking tools, and an argument that, despite the hand-waving of today's self-described prophets of the future, it will be the next generation who will chart the path between isolation and connectivity.Scared Sick: The Role of Childhood Trauma in Adult Disease
Par Robin Karr-Morse, Meredith S. Wiley. 2012
The first years of human life are more important than we ever realized. InScared Sick, Robin Karr-Morse connects psychology, neurobiology,…
endocrinology, immunology, and genetics to demonstrate how chronic fear in infancy and early childhood when we are most helplesslies at the root of common diseases in adulthood. Compassionate and based on the latest research,Scared Sickwill unveil a major public health crisis. Highlighting case studies and cutting-edge scientific findings, Karr- Morse shows how our innate fight-or-flight system can injure us if overworked in the early stages of life. Persistent stress can trigger diabetes, heart disease, obesity, depression, and addiction later on.The Happiness of Pursuit: What Neuroscience Can Teach Us About the Good Life
Par Shimon Edelman. 2012
When fishing for happiness, catch and release. Remember these seven wordsthey are the keys to being happy. So says Shimon…
Edelman, an expert on psychology and the mind. In The Happiness of Pursuit, Edelman offers a fundamental understanding of pleasure and joy via the brain. Using the concept of the mind as a computing device, he unpacks how the human brain is highly active, involved in patterned networks, and constantly learning from experience. As our brains predict the future through pursuit of experience, we are rewarded both in real time and in the long run. Essentially, as Edelman discovers, it’s the journey, rather than the destination, that matters. The idea that cognition is computationthe brain is a machineis nothing new of course. But, as Edelman argues, the mind is actually a bundle of ongoing computations, essentially, the brain being one of many possible substrates that can support them. Edelman makes the case for these claims by constructing a conceptual toolbox that offers readers a glimpse of the computations underlying the mind’s faculties: perception, motivation and emotions, action, memory, thinking, social cognition, learning and language. It is this collection of tools that enables us to discover how and why happiness happens. An informative, accessible, and witty tour of the mind, The Happiness of Pursuit offers insights to a thorough understanding of what minds are, how they relate to each other and to the world, and how we can make the best of it all.Games Primates Play: An Undercover Investigation of the Evolution and Economics of Human Relationships
Par Dario Maestripieri. 2012
Most humans don’t realize that when they exchange emails with someone, anyone, they are actually exhibiting certain unspoken rules about…
dominance and hierarchy. The same rules regulate the exchange of grooming behavior in rhesus macaques or chimpanzees. Interestingly, some of the major aspects of human nature have profound commonalities with our ape ancestors: the violence of war, the intensity of love, the need to live together. While we often assume that our behavior in everyday situations reflects our unique personalities, the choices we freely make, or the influences of our environment, we rarely consider that others behave in these situations in almost the exact the same way as we do. In Games Primates Play, primatologist Dario Maestripieri examines the curious unspoken customs that govern our behavior. These patterns and customs appear to be motivated by free will, yet they are so similar from person to person, and across species, that they reveal much more than our selected choices. Games Primates Play uncovers our evolutionary legacy: the subtle codes that govern our behavior are the result of millions of years of evolution, predating the emergence of modern humans. To understand the rules that govern primate games and our social interactions, Maestripieri arms readers with knowledge of the scientific principles that ethologists, psychologists, economists, and other behavioral scientists have discovered in their quest to unravel the complexities of behavior. As he realizes, everything from how we write emails to how we make love is determined by the legacy of our primate roots and the conditions that existed so long ago. An idiosyncratic and witty approach to our deep and complex origins, Games Primates Play reveals the ways in which our primate nature drives so much of our lives.Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from Each Other
Par Sherry Turkle. 2011
Consider Facebook—it’s human contact, only easier to engage with and easier to avoid. Developing technology promises closeness. Sometimes it delivers,…
but much of our modern life leaves us less connected with people and more connected to simulations of them.In Alone Together, MIT technology and society professor Sherry Turkle explores the power of our new tools and toys to dramatically alter our social lives. It’s a nuanced exploration of what we are looking for—and sacrificing—in a world of electronic companions and social networking tools, and an argument that, despite the hand-waving of today’s self-described prophets of the future, it will be the next generation who will chart the path between isolation and connectivity.Trafficked Children and Youth in the United States: Reimagining Survivors
Par Elzbieta M. Gozdziak. 2007
Trafficked children are portrayed by the media--and even by child welfare specialists--as hapless victims who are forced to migrate from…
a poor country to the United States, where they serve as sex slaves. But as Elzbieta M. Gozdziak reveals in Trafficked Children in the United States, the picture is far more complex. Basing her observations on research with 140 children, most of them girls, from countries all over the globe, Gozdziak debunks many myths and uncovers the realities of the captivity, rescue, and rehabilitation of trafficked children. She shows, for instance, that none of the girls and boys portrayed in this book were kidnapped or physically forced to accompany their traffickers. In many instances, parents, or smugglers paid by family members, brought the girls to the U.S. Without exception, the girls and boys in this study believed they were coming to the States to find employment and in some cases educational opportunities. Following them from the time they were trafficked to their years as young adults, Gozdziak gives the children a voice so they can offer their own perspective on rebuilding their lives--getting jobs, learning English, developing friendships, and finding love. Gozdziak looks too at how the children's perspectives compare to the ideas of child welfare programs, noting that the children focus on survival techniques while the institutions focus, not helpfully, on vulnerability and pathology. Gozdziak concludes that the services provided by institutions are in effect a one-size-fits-all, trauma-based model, one that ignores the diversity of experience among trafficked children. Breaking new ground, Trafficked Children in the United States offers a fresh take on what matters most to these young people as they rebuild their lives in America.My Revision Notes (9-1) Sociology: Aqa Gcse (9-1) Sociology Epub
Par Ian Woodfield, Rosie Owens. 2018
Exam board: AQALevel: GCSESubject: SociologyFirst teaching: September 2017First exams: Summer 2019Target success in AQA GCSE Sociology with this proven formula…
for effective, structured revision. Key content coverage is combined with exam-style tasks and practical tips to create a revision guide that students can rely on to review, strengthen and test their knowledge.With My Revision Notes, every student can:- Plan and manage a successful revision programme using the topic-by-topic planner- Consolidate subject knowledge by working through clear and focused content coverage- Test understanding and identify areas for improvement with regular 'Now Test Yourself' tasks and answers- Enhance exam responses using relevant case studies for each topic- Improve exam technique through practice questions, expert tips and examples of typical mistakes to avoidStudies in Hysteria
Par Sigmund Freud, Josef Breuer. 1952
Hysteria—the tormenting of the body by the troubled mind—is among the most pervasive of human disorders; yet, at the same…
time, it is the most elusive. Freud’s recognition that hysteria stemmed from traumas in the patient’s past transformed the way we think about sexuality. Studies in Hysteria is one of the founding texts of psychoanalysis, revolutionizing our understanding of love, desire, and the human psyche. As full of compassionate human interest as of scientific insight, these case histories are also remarkable, revelatory works of literature. .Cognitive Disorders (The State of Mental Illness and Its Ther #19)
Par Sherry Bonnice. 2014
Imagine what it would be like to look at the faces of your family members and friends and not know…
who they are. How would it feel to wake up each morning and find that another piece of your mind had slipped away? What would you do if you could not remember the simplest things, like whether you should get out of bed in the mornings or how to brush your hair? Cognitive disorders like Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia are devastating, not only to the individuals who suffer from them, but to those individuals' families and friends as well. These disorders have become serious topics of research and discussion. Helping patients, caretakers, families, and friends understand what can be done to ease the symptoms of cognitive disorders is a very important part of care. In this book, you will learn about cognitive disorders, what it is like to have them, and how they can be treated. Along the way, you will read about drugs that can help with symptoms like depression, panic, and hallucinations, all of which can be caused by cognitive disorders. In addition, you will learn about some alternative treatments for cognitive disorders and the possible risks and side effects that accompany different forms of treatment. Coauthored by someone who has experience first-hand the early stages of Alzheimer's, this book will give you an up-close view of what can be done to help individuals with these often-devastating forms of mental illness.Substance-Related Disorders (The State of Mental Illness and Its Ther #19)
Par Joyce Libal. 2014
Substance-related disorders are among the most prevalent of all mental disorders. They affect people in every part of society, and…
their consequences can be painful, traumatic, expensive, and even deadly. Furthermore, the negative consequences of substance-related disorders do not only affect the substance user; they touch the lives of the user's friends, family, coworkers, and other relations as well. From caffeine to alcohol, spray paint to cocaine, glue to nicotine, many different chemicals, both legal and illegal, can cause substance-related disorders. With so many substances available for use and misuse, how do you know which substances are addictive? Furthermore, why are they addictive, and what dangers do they pose? This book provides answers to many of these difficult questions. In addition to learning about addictive substances and substance abuse, you will learn about the treatments available for substance-related disorders and how some doctors are using medication to treat drug abuse. Take the first step toward understanding this all-too common category of mental disorders by reading Substance-Related Disorders.Psychologist (Careers With Character #18)
Par Shirley Brinkerhoff. 2014
Find out what it takes to be a psychologist with character... Psychologists can specialize in a variety of areas, including:…
*Experimental psychology; *Physiological psychology; *Development psychology; *Social psychology; *Clinical psychology; *School psychology; *Industrial psychology; and *Counseling psychology. Although professionals in this field need strong educational backgrounds, they also need: The diligence to follow through on long-term treatments or research... Respect and compassion for other human beings who are in emotional pain... And a sense of justice that enables them to treat each patient or client fairly. Few other professionals relate so closely with other human beings. If you pursue a career in psychology, you will have opportunities to help individuals become emotionally healthier and happier. Psychologists have the power to teach society better ways to live. Read Psychologist and find out how.Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (The State of Mental Illness and Its Ther)
Par Shirley Brinkerhoff. 2014
A century ago, people with symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) were sometimes institutionalized for life or treated with frightening operations…
such as frontal lobotomies. In the twentieth century, psychoanalysis and other types of therapies began to offer more treatment options. In this book, you will read about: *Lauren, a high school student whose OCD robbed her of friends, her social life, job, and future, leaving her too ashamed to reach out for help. *Jacob, an eight-year-old who suffered a head injury and awoke from his coma with an all-consuming need to do everything seven times. *Sal, a dependable, well-balanced husband and father whose sudden compulsion to bring home paper and trash changed his entire life. *Laura, whose undiagnosed OCD led her to be placed in a school for children with mental retardation. *Emma, whose frightening thoughts about hurting her baby sister drove her to pray for hours every day and to go to confession many times a week. *Annaliese, a nurse who was accidentally poked by a patient's needle a decade ago and has remained convinced ever since that she has AIDS. Through these stories and the factual material accompanying them, you will learn about the huge ramifications OCD has on individuals' lives as well as the types of treatments available to help. With the discovery of psychiatric drugs, doctors now have more ways than ever to treat, and in some cases altogether relieve, the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder explains how psychiatric drugs and other forms of therapy are making a difference in the lives of many people with symptoms of OCD.Childhood & Adolescent Disorders (The State of Mental Illness and Its Ther)
Par Shirley Brinkerhoff. 2014
Mental disorders can affect people of all ages and backgrounds. But specific mental disorders may be more likely to affect…
certain groups of people than other groups. For example, some mental disorders, like attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, are more common in children and adolescents than in adults. Dealing with the issues that surround mental disorders can be difficult for anyone. However, young people who must balance a mental disorder with other stresses, like schoolwork, extra-curricular activities, social pressures, and physical changes, may face additional challenges coping with mental disorders. With promising discoveries and developments in psychiatric drug treatments, doctors now have more ways than ever to help patients with childhood and adolescent disorders. In this book, you will read about: *Tracy, who refused to hug or kiss her parents or even look them in the eye. *Kelly, a child with mental retardation who needed schooling but couldn't stay in her classroom because she banged her head against the walls. *Tony, whose undiagnosed and untreated ADHD led him into drug and alcohol abuse. *Carissa, who was sent home from summer camp because of her tics and echolalia. Learn how parents, doctors and psychiatrists were able to help each of these young people cope with their disorders and achieve their individual potential.Emotional Bullshit: The Hidden Plague that Is Threatening to Destroy Your Relationships-and How to S top It
Par Alasko, Carl Paul. 2008
An invisible disease is affecting every aspect of your life. Insidious and creeping, it shapes you everyday – from the…
bedroom to the boardroom, from your shopping splurge, to the extra helping at your holiday dinner, to the dangerous liaison at work. It’s called emotional bullshit, and it’s encroaching on your happiness. In Emotional Bullshit: The Hidden Plague That Is Threatening to Destroy Your Relationships – AND HOW TO STOP IT , Carl Alasko, Ph. D. sheds light on the stealth disease of Emotional BS: that is, the Toxic Trio of denial, delusion and blame that we fall back on when faced with difficult situations. These three dynamics work together to distort and manipulate truth, create a delusional reality, and shift blame when things fall apart. With the toxic trio in action, it’s all but impossible to get at the heart of the problem. The result, however, is obvious – no one can achieve happiness and fulfillment. And when used in the world of business, Emotional BS can lead to financial ruin. In his over twenty years working with individuals, couples and families as a psychotherapist, Dr. Alasko has come to recognize the same problem underlying all his patients’ unhappiness. When confronted with an unpleasant or inconvenient reality, they fall prey to the TOXIC TRIO: DENIAL: “My girlfriend enjoys a ‘good time’ at parties, sure. But she doesn’t have a drinking problem. ” Decoded: There is no problem. Everything is okay. You’re exaggerating See: the drinker, the overweight, the wallet full of maxed-out credit cards (pg 12) DELUSION: “Working late isn’t a problem. My family will understand when I get that big promotion. ” Decoded: I’ll tell you what’s true. Don’t believe what you see – believe me. See: the demanding boss, the neglected partner, the alienated friend (pgs 63, 138) BLAME: “She knew I hated sloppiness when she married me. Why can’t she pick up after herself?” Decoded: You’re the problem. I was forced to do it; I had no choice. See: the clean freak, sub-prime mortgages, Napoleon Bonaparte (pgs 45, 84) When the Toxic Trio works together, we become stuck in a cycle of emotional BS, preventing us from moving on or learning from our mistakes. Emotional bullshit’s pervasiveness in society can be found everywhere, from rising divorce rates, weight gain, and debt, to angry outbursts at work, loss of control over our children, and a lack of fulfillment in our lives. The solution is deceptively simple: You focus on your Core Needs, which is any behavior that advances your long-term best interest, and ask yourself the Master Question—“What do I need from this situation?”. Honestly addressing the larger issue – not just in the short term – cuts the BS in every relationship: between friends, co-workers, couples, in parenting and especially in business. Frank, concise and unapologetic, EMOTIONAL BULLSHIT sheds light on this hidden plague, and provides concrete advice to keep it from infiltrating your relationships. .Assessment for Intervention
Par Rachel Brown-Chidsey, Kristina J. Andren. 2013
This cutting-edge volume offers a complete primer on conducting problem-solving based assessments in school or clinical settings. Presented are an…
effective framework and up-to-date tools for identifying and remediating the many environmental factors that may contribute to a student's academic, emotional, or behavioral difficulties, and for improving all children's educational outcomes. Concise, consistently formatted chapters from leading researchers describe problem-solving based applications of such core assessment methods as interviews, observations, rating scales, curriculum-based measurement, functional behavioral assessment, and published tests. Including helpful case examples to demonstrate each method in action, the volume also offers invaluable tips on collaborating with teachers and school administrators, writing solution-focused psychoeducational reports, and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions.30 Days to Getting Over the Dork You Used to Call Your Boyfriend
Par Clea Hantman. 2008
Even Gwyneth, even Cameron, even Madonna have been on the losing end of love. The part you might not believe…
is that no matter how brutally your heart's been broken, those wounds will heal.The Psychology of Love
Par Sigmund Freud. 1931
Freud s landmark writings on love and sexuality including the famous case study of Dora newly translated and in…
one volume for the first time This original collection brings together the most important writings on the psychology of love by one of the great thinkers of the twentieth century Sigmund Freud s discussions of the ways in which sexuality is always psychosexuality that there is no sexuality without fantasy have changed social cultural and intellectual attitudes toward erotic life Among the influential pieces included here are On Female Sexuality The Taboo of Virginity A Child Is Being Beaten and the widely cited case history of the eighteen-year-old Dora making The Psychology of Love essential reading for anyone who wants to understand Freud s tremendous legacy