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Spiritual Resiliency and Aging: Hope, Relationality, and the Creative Self
Par Janet L Ramsey, Rosemary Blieszner. 2012
A Guided Science: History of Psychology in the Mirror of Its Making
Par Jaan Valsiner. 2012
That sciences are guided by explicit and implicit ties to their surrounding social world is not new. Jaan Valsiner fills…
in the wide background of scholarship on the history of science, the recent focus on social studies of sciences, and the cultural and cognitive analyses of knowledge making. The theoretical scheme that he uses to explain the phenomena of social guidance of science comes from his thinking about processes of development in general--his theory of bounded indeterminacy--and on the relations of human beings with their culturally organized environments. Valsiner examines reasons for the slow and nonlinear progress of ideas in psychology as a science at the border of natural and social sciences. Why is that intellectual progress occurs in different countries at different times? Most responses are self-serving blinders for presenting science as a given rather than understanding it as a deeply human experience. For Valsiner, scientific knowledge is cultural at its core. Major changes have occurred in contemporary sciences--collective authorship, fragmentation of knowledge into small, quickly published (and equally quickly retractable) journal articles, and the counting of numbers of such articles by institutions as if that is a measure of "scientific productivity." Scientists are inherently ambivalent about the benefit of these changes for the actual development of knowledge. There is a gradual "takeover" of the domain of scientific knowledge creation by other social institutions with vested interests in defending and promoting knowledge that serves their social interests. Sciences are entering into a new form of social servitude.After Piaget
Par Eduardo Marti. 2012
After Piaget proves that Jean Piaget's work is critical for understanding some of the most current proposals in the study…
of psychological development. It analyzes Piaget's legacy, moving beyond the harsh critiques that have circulated since he lost prominence. It also brings together new developments and research practices that have grown out of Jean Piaget's tradition, while providing a retrospective glance into the intellectual atmospheres of different periods at which the contributors encountered Piaget.This book reveals the richness and coherence of the School of Geneva's research during the last decades before Piaget's death. Contributions from scholars who formed part of the School of Geneva during the 1970s and '80s demonstrate Piaget's influence on such diverse fields as infant development, ethnology, neuropsychology, semiotic development, and epistemology. After Piaget is part of Transaction's History and Theory of Psychology series.Brain, Mind, and Medicine: Charles Richet and the Origins of Physiological Psychology
Par Robert Guskind. 2012
Charles Richet was one of the most remarkable figures in the history of medical science. He is best known for…
his work on the body's immune reactions to foreign substances for which he won the Nobel Prize in medicine in 1913. Richet was also a poet, playwright, historian, bibliographer, political activist, classical scholar, and pioneer in aircraft design.Brain, Mind, and Medicine is the first major biography of Richet in any language. Wolf brilliantly situates Richet's work in the intellectual currents of Europe during the latter half of the nineteenth and early twentieth century. Richet was a contemporary of Wilhelm Wundt and William James. All three considered psychology to be an aspect of physiology governed by biological laws. But while James and Wundt considered consciousness as a process influenced by experience without much reference to neural structures, Richet's focus was on the brain itself as shaped by genetics and experience and serving as the organ of the mind.Brain, Mind, and Medicine illuminates a significant chapter in scientific and cultural history. It should be read by medical scientists, historians, and individuals interested in medicine and psychology.FRAM: Modelling Complex Socio-technical Systems
Par Erik Hollnagel. 2012
Resilience engineering has consistently argued that safety is more than the absence of failures. Since the first book was published…
in 2006, several book chapters and papers have demonstrated the advantage in going behind 'human error' and beyond the failure concept, just as a number of serious accidents have accentuated the need for it. But there has not yet been a comprehensive method for doing so; the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) fulfils that need. Whereas commonly used methods explain events by interpreting them in terms of an already existing model, the FRAM is used to model the functions that are needed for everyday performance to succeed. This model can then be used to explain specific events, by showing how functions can be coupled and how the variability of everyday performance sometimes may lead to unexpected and out-of-scale outcomes - either good or bad. The FRAM is based on four principles: equivalence of failures and successes, approximate adjustments, emergence, and functional resonance. As the FRAM is a method rather than a model, it makes no assumptions about how the system under investigation is structured or organised, nor about possible causes and cause-effect relations. Instead of looking for failures and malfunctions, the FRAM explains outcomes in terms of how functions become coupled and how everyday performance variability may resonate. This book presents a detailed and tested method that can be used to model how complex and dynamic socio-technical systems work, to understand why things sometimes go wrong but also why they normally succeed.Borderline Shine: A Memoir
Par Connie Greshner. 2020
A therapist's story of complex trauma and her remarkable journey to recovery. When Connie Greshner was eight years old, her…
father walked into a bar in Ponoka, Alberta, and shot her mother. So began a young life defined by trauma. From Catholic boarding school in Kansas to the streets of the Downtown Eastside in Vancouver, Connie travelled in pursuit of acceptance and belonging. Grief, confusion, and shame manifested as depression, addiction, and promiscuity. Branded chronically suicidal with no hope of recovery by the mental health system, Connie was determined to heal herself and help others. Supported and inspired by exceptional friends, a love of books, and a connection to nature, she finally found her home, purpose, and peace. In Borderline Shine, Connie breaks the silence and shame of intergenerational violence. With unflinching honesty she chronicles her unique journey through the darkness of suffering to the light of compassion, hope, and recovery.The Abused and the Abuser: Victim–Perpetrator Dynamics
Par Martin J. Dorahy, Warwick Middleton, Adah Sachs. 2018
Severe abuse often occurs in settings where the grouping, whether based around a family or a community organisation or institution,…
outwardly appears to be very respectable. The nature of attachment dynamics allied with threat, discrediting, the manipulation of the victim's dissociative defences, long-term conditioning and the endless invoking of shame mean that sexual, physical and emotional abuse may, in some instances, be essentially unending. Even when separation from the long-term abuser is attempted, it may initially be extremely difficult to achieve, and there are some individuals who never achieve this parting. Even when the abuser is dead, the intrapsychic nature of the enduring attachment experienced by their victim remains complicated and difficult to resolve. This volume includes multiple perspectives from highly experienced clinicians, researchers and writers on the nature of the relationship between the abused and their abuser(s). No less than five of this international grouping of authors have been president of the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation, the world's oldest international trauma society. This book, which opens with a highly original clinical paper on 'weaponized sex' by Richard Kluft, one of the foremost pioneers of the modern dissociative disorders field, concludes with a gripping historical perspective written by Jeffrey Masson as he reengages with issues that first brought him to worldwide prominence in the 1980s. Between these two pieces, the contributors, all highly acclaimed for their clinical, theoretical or research work, present original, cutting edge work on this complex subject. This book was originally published as a double special issue of the Journal of Trauma and Dissociation.This collection of David H. Barlow‘s key papers are a testimony to the collaborative research that he engendered and directed…
with associates who now stand with him at the forefront of experimental psychopathology research and in the treatment of anxiety and related disorders. His research on the nature of anxiety and mood disorders resulted in new conceptualizations of etiology and classification. This research led new treatments for anxiety and related emotional disorders, most notably a new transdiagnostic psychological approach that has been positively evaluated and widely accepted. Clinical psychology will benefit from this collection of papers with connecting commentary.Introduction to Theories of Learning: Ninth Edition
Par Matthew H. Olson. 2012
Defines learning and shows how the learning process is studied. Clearly written and user-friendly, Introduction to the Theories of Learning…
places learning in its historical perspective and provides appreciation for the figures and theories that have shaped 100 years of learning theory research. The 9th edition has been updated with the most current research in the field. With Pearson's MySearchLab with interactive eText and Experiment's Tool, this program is more user-friendly than ever. Learning Goals Upon completing this book, readers should be able to: Define learning and show how the learning process is studied Place learning theory in historical perspective Present essential features of the major theories of learning with implications for educational practice Note: MySearchLab does not come automatically packaged with this text. To purchase MySearchLab, please visit: www.mysearchlab.com or you can purchase a ValuePack of the text + MySearchLab (at no additional cost).60 años de soledad: La vida de Carlota después del Imperio Mexicano
Par Gustavo Vázquez. 2019
Carlota pasó de un cuento de hadas a un infierno. Ésta es la historia de ese infierno. La emperatriz volvió…
a ser princesa. Después de que su marido fuera fusilado en el Cerro de las Campanas, la consentida, la enamorada, se convirtió en una paria de las monarquías europeas y pasó sesenta años en la locura. Esta obra es la primera que se concentra en las seis décadas que Carlota de Sajonia-Coburgo-Gotha vivió después de que se derrumbara el Segundo Imperio Mexicano, y ofrece un estudio lúcido de uno de los personajes más apasionantes en la historia del país. Aquí hablan los diarios de los médicos de Carlota, los papeles de Adrien Goffinet (administrador de sus bienes), testigos de aquellos años, archivos reales, las cartas de su servidumbre, bitácoras de viajeros y la prensa europea de la época. Paso a paso, se revela cómo la "princesa más triste del mundo" terminó convertida en un peón. Y cómo, de las ruinas del México de Maximiliano, surgió el imperio privado del rey belga Leopoldo II en el Congo.Everyday Music Listening: Absorption, Dissociation and Trancing
Par Ruth Herbert. 2012
In what ways does listening to music shape everyday perception? Is music particularly effective in promoting shifts in consciousness? Is…
there any difference perceptually between contemplating one's surroundings and experiencing a work of art? Everyday Music Listening is the first book to focus in depth on the detailed nature of music listening episodes as lived mental experiences. Ruth Herbert uses new empirical data to explore the psychological processes involved in everyday music listening scenarios, charting interactions between music, perceiver and environment in a diverse range of real-world contexts. Findings are integrated with insights from a broad range of literature, including consciousness studies and research into altered states of consciousness, as well as ideas from ethology and evolutionary psychology, suggesting that a psychobiological capacity for trancing is linked to the origins of making and receiving of art. The term 'trance' is not generally associated with music listening outside ethnomusicological studies of strong experiences, yet 'hypnotic-like' involvements in daily life have long been recognized by hypnotherapy researchers. The author argues that multiply distributed attention - prevalent in much contemporary listening- does not necessarily indicate superficial engagement. Music emerges as a particularly effective mediator of experience. Absorption and dissociation, as manifestations of trancing, are self-regulatory processes, often operating at the level of unconscious awareness, that support individuals' perceptions of psychological health. This fascinating study brings together research and theory from a wide range of fields to provide a new framework for understanding the phenomenology of music listening in a way that will appeal to both specialist academic audiences and a broad general readership.Arctic Plants of Svalbard: What We Learn From the Green in the Treeless White World
Par Yoo Kyung Lee. 2020
The Arctic is a special world. The Arctic Ocean is covered by white sea ice, and its margins are surrounded…
by bare terrestrial regions, known as tundra. Tundra is a cold and dry environment without trees, but even in the absence of trees, tundra plants such as dwarf shrubs, grasses, herbs and moss support the harsh environment by providing sustenance and shelter. This book introduces representative arctic plants and their function in Svalbard, revealing the unique tundra ecosystem, and discussing the direct and indirect effects of climate change in the Arctic.This book focuses on virtual teams, which are fraught with cooperation problems. It offers novel insights into how team members…
experience and overcome these problems by empirically studying hybrid virtual teams in Shared Services Organizations. It firstly enhances the reader’s understanding of contextual challenges relating to cooperation and shows how members of such teams experience faultlines through distance, disconnection through reliance on communication technology and discontinuity through temporality of team composition. Secondly, it explores how they use 22 practices to overcome the cooperation problem, which can be categorized as strategies of identity constructing, trusting and virtual peer monitoring. Lastly, the study analyzes the role of technology, demonstrating that state-of-the-art media can facilitate, but not ensure the use of these strategies and practices. As such, the book has implications for both researchers and practitioners.Geoinformatics for Sustainable Development in Asian Cities (Springer Geography)
Par Sathaporn Monprapussorn, Zhaohui Lin, Asamaporn Sitthi, Parichat Wetchayont. 2020
This proceedings volume focuses on the importance and power of spatial thinking and planning, especially by applying geospatial technologies in…
solving the past and current global problems such as environmental degradation, urban pollution, climate change, agricultural management and epidemiology.The proceedings of the International Conference on Geography and Geoinformatics for Sustainable Development 2018 (ICGGS 2018) consist of a wide range of case studies from developing countries. The contributions address challenges of developing countries in mainstreaming sustainable development paradigm into their economy with the aim to improve and manage natural resources and environment in a sustainable manner. One of the main goals of the conference and the proceedings is to share and exchange different perspectives on global, regional and local spatial issues and how the concept of spatial planning and thinking can be used in building resilience to natural and anthropogenic threats in many sectors (such as water, ecosystem, agriculture and health). This includes a summary of how the key concepts of geospatial technologies could contribute to environmental sustainability and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as well as an outlook on challenges and opportunities for sustainable development. This book explains how geoinformatics can help analyse, model and explain sustainable development within a geographic context and thus provide the integrative framework necessary for global collaboration consensus and evidence-based decision-making. It highlights the vital and integrative role of geospatial information in driving sustainable development and thus can be used as a tool to put the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development into practice. This volume can be a useful resource for readers regarding research on geospatial issues on both the regional and local scale. Both undergraduate and graduate students around the globe can advance their academic and research knowledge of past and present environmental problems and learn how geospatial planning can be applied for sustainable development. It also appeals to researchers, academics, practitioners, community developers and policy makers interested in promoting sustainable development.This monograph presents a clear account of when and how attentional processes can shape perceptual experience. This argument is based…
on the prediction-error minimization model of the mind. The author believes that the topic of attention should take a more central role in the debate about the influence of cognition on perception. Inside, he shows how this can be possible.The hypothesis that cognition may shape perceptual experience has been traditionally labeled as the cognitive penetrability of perceptual experience. Cognitive penetrability is relevant for several debates in philosophy and cognitive science. It tackles the possibility of gathering genuine knowledge on the basis of perceptual information about the world delivered by sensory channels. The problem, the author notes, is that if our previously acquired belief can shape current perceptual experiences, such experiences cannot serve as an adequate source of justification in retaining those beliefs or even forming new ones. He argues that cognitive penetration may sometimes happen through attentional processes, but that its occurrence need not undermine perceptual justification.The book provides an overview of the cognitive penetrability debate. The author discusses evidence that supports the occurrence of this phenomenon. Overall, this investigation offers readers a philosophical discussion of attention based on the biased-competition theory. It argues that attention is a property of mental representations that emerges from a metacognitive competition process.Executive compensation and its fairness to stakeholders are topics of heated debate on platforms ranging from news forums to financial…
markets. This book stimulates critical thinking on executive compensation and guides academics and practitioners on the key concepts by developing a multi-faceted and multi-cultural framework. It also presents the new ‘Fair CEO Compensation,’ which uses a scientifically developed and structured stakeholder-based approach to reach optimal and fair CEO compensation, without capping bonuses or variable pay by rules and regulations. Financial, non-financial, organizational, strategic, cultural, personal, and social aspects are all taken into account in the framework. In addition to implementation guidelines and real-world examples, the book presents a checklist for businesses to measure the fairness of their CEO compensation based on the suggested framework. Moreover, the author also provides a survey template to help businesses investigate their employees’ perception of the fairness of their CEO’s compensation.Behavioral Diabetes: Social Ecological Perspectives for Pediatric and Adult Populations
Par David G. Marrero, Alan M. Delamater. 2020
This book presents an up-to-date review of behavioral factors in diabetes management across the lifespan: an update on medical management,…
epidemiology, and prognosis, and utilize an ecological framework to address various aspects of diabetes management for children and adults on the individual, social, community and medical system, and policy levels. The individual level examines biobehavioral and neuroendocrine factors for their role in the etiology of diabetes, as well as various demographic factors involved in health disparities, and specific psychological issues including distress and quality of life, depression and anxiety, eating disorders, and intervention approaches. Zooming out, the social level addresses the role of social support and family influences as well as group and family interventions to promote more effective diabetes management. The community level addresses medical system factors including the patient-physician relationship and transition programs, as well as community and school-based prevention programs. Finally, chapters also address how the policy level impacts diabetes management considering the role of health care, insurance, and school and workplace policy. Topics featured in this book include: Neuroendocrine and biobehavioral influences on diabetes Eating disorders in individuals with diabetesFamily influences and family therapies for children and adults with diabetesDepression and anxiety in children and adults with diabetes Behavioral Diabetes is a must-have resource for researchers, graduate students and fellows, as well as clinicians, therapists, and other practitioners involved in diabetes management across the lifespan. A secondary audience comprises individuals working in the community and policy levels, including but not limited to health care and medical systems administrators, as well as school and workplace policymakers. “This book is a comprehensive overview of the extremely important topic of behavioral diabetes. The issues encompassed in this book have evolved greatly over the last few decades and the editors have done a spectacular job in having the key experts on each of the many topics review the literature while at the same time keeping it practical for both clinicians and researchers.”--Irl B. Hirsch, MD, University of Washington, SeattlePositive Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychology: Clinical Applications
Par Erick Messias, Hamid Peseschkian, Consuelo Cagande. 2020
For hundreds of years, psychology has looked into the dysfunctions and symptoms of the mind. It’s only over the last…
few decades that the field has started to pay attention to what constitutes a functional and content life. Instead of using disease to understand health, positive psychology studies the components of a good life and helps people not only avoid mental health problems but develop happiness. The work done in positive psychology is now at a point where applications are being developed in positive psychotherapy and extended to those with psychiatric diagnoses in positive psychiatry. While these fields are a recent development they hold the promise of helping all of us live a fulfilled life. Medicine in general, and psychiatry in particular, suffers from a worldview that is symptom- and deficit-oriented. By adopting a positive approach, psychology, psychotherapy, and psychiatry add a more holistic, integrative, resource oriented, and preventive perspective. There is great urgency in developing resources and potentials in our patients, not only freeing them from their disorders. Psychiatrists and psychotherapists alike are incorporating these positive tools into their practices with positive clinical outcomes. Standing on the shoulders of pioneers like Nossrat Peseschkian, in positive psychotherapy, and Dilip Jeste, in positive psychiatry, this textbook is the first to bring together these innovations in one volume that will serve as an excellent resource for medical professionals looking to reap the benefits gained by the studies in these areas. Currently, the majority of texts that are available are targeting psychologists and researchers, whereas this book seeks to use positive psychology as the foundation on which the clinical applications are built. As such, this book will be of interest to psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and other mental health professionals. It may be used in educating a new generation of mental health professionals in these tenets that are expanding the reach of psychology, the practice of psychotherapy, and the scope of psychiatry.Perspectives for a New Social Theory of Sustainability
Par Mariella Nocenzi, Alessandra Sannella. 2020
This ambitious book outlines the theoretical and practical implications of the recent technological revolution of human/non-human relations for social researchers,…
and in so doing, seeks to develop more adequate theoretical and methodological models for social scientists to describe and investigate these social transformations and their consequences. The environmental strategies to balance human actions with the earth’s resources utilizing a sustainable approach can inspire original conceptualizations and, therefore, a new sociological paradigm rooted in a necessary rethinking of the dualism between nature and culture, and of human relations in a hyper-connected society increasingly composed by non-human elements. Chapter discussions include: Sustainability and the crisis of the theoretical functional modelEnvironmental sustainability and the evolution of capitalismFrom moral imperatives to indicators and indices: a methodology for validating and assessing SDGsAn understanding of psychopathological syndromes related to social environmentsSocial research between participation and critical detachment Perspectives for a New Social Theory of Sustainability emphasizes that not only are modernist theories of unlimited wealth and progress no longer supportable, but also that their theoretical and empirical settings must be reassessed if society is to move towards sustainability. It promises to be required reading for students and researchers in sociology, psychology, economics and statistics, as well as professionals within government organizations and NGOs focused on human rights work, global inequities, ethical activism, and the UN Agenda 2030 and its Sustainable Development Goals."This book provides a unique toolkit for politicians and citizens on sustainable development and how it is fulfilled every day."David Maria SASSOLIEuropean Parliament PresidentModernity and Cultural Decline: A Biobehavioral Perspective
Par Colin Feltham, Matthew Alexandar Sarraf, Michael Anthony Woodley of Menie. 2019
This book argues that despite the many real advantages that industrial modernity has yielded—including large gains in wealth, longevity, and…
(possibly) happiness—it has occurred together with the appearance of a variety of serious problems. Chief among these are probable losses in subjective existential purpose and increases in psychopathology. A highly original theory of the ultimate basis of these trends is advanced, which unites prior work in psychometrics and evolutionary science. This theory builds on the social epistasis amplification model to argue that genetic and epigenetic changes in modernizing and modernized populations, stemming from shifts in selective pressures related to industrialization, have lowered human fitness and wellness.