Résultats de recherche de titre
Articles 1 à 20 sur 54
Oxygen
Par Donald E. Canfield. 2014
The air we breathe is twenty-one percent oxygen, an amount higher than on any other known world. While we may…
take our air for granted, Earth was not always an oxygenated planet. How did it become this way? Oxygen is the most current account of the history of atmospheric oxygen on Earth. Donald Canfield--one of the world's leading authorities on geochemistry, earth history, and the early oceans--covers this vast history, emphasizing its relationship to the evolution of life and the evolving chemistry of the Earth. With an accessible and colorful first-person narrative, he draws from a variety of fields, including geology, paleontology, geochemistry, biochemistry, animal physiology, and microbiology, to explain why our oxygenated Earth became the ideal place for life. Describing which processes, both biological and geological, act to control oxygen levels in the atmosphere, Canfield traces the records of oxygen concentrations through time. Readers learn about the great oxidation event, the tipping point 2.3 billion years ago when the oxygen content of the Earth increased dramatically, and Canfield examines how oxygenation created a favorable environment for the evolution of large animals. He guides readers through the various lines of scientific evidence, considers some of the wrong turns and dead ends along the way, and highlights the scientists and researchers who have made key discoveries in the field. Showing how Earth's atmosphere developed over time, Oxygen takes readers on a remarkable journey through the history of the oxygenation of our planet.Designed to inform, educate and inspire women of all ages about the joys and benefits of fitness, proper nutrition, health…
and resistance training. Helps you acquire a sound body and clear mind to achieve an energy-filled, stress-free lifestyle and empowered self-image.Designed to inform, educate and inspire women of all ages about the joys and benefits of fitness, proper nutrition, health…
and resistance training. Helps you acquire a sound body and clear mind to achieve an energy-filled, stress-free lifestyle and empowered self-image.Designed to inform, educate and inspire women of all ages about the joys and benefits of fitness, proper nutrition, health…
and resistance training. Helps you acquire a sound body and clear mind to achieve an energy-filled, stress-free lifestyle and empowered self-image.Designed to inform, educate and inspire women of all ages about the joys and benefits of fitness, proper nutrition, health…
and resistance training. Helps you acquire a sound body and clear mind to achieve an energy-filled, stress-free lifestyle and empowered self-image.Designed to inform, educate and inspire women of all ages about the joys and benefits of fitness, proper nutrition, health…
and resistance training. Helps you acquire a sound body and clear mind to achieve an energy-filled, stress-free lifestyle and empowered self-image.Designed to inform, educate and inspire women of all ages about the joys and benefits of fitness, proper nutrition, health…
and resistance training. Helps you acquire a sound body and clear mind to achieve an energy-filled, stress-free lifestyle and empowered self-image.Designed to inform, educate and inspire women of all ages about the joys and benefits of fitness, proper nutrition, health…
and resistance training. Helps you acquire a sound body and clear mind to achieve an energy-filled, stress-free lifestyle and empowered self-image.Designed to inform, educate and inspire women of all ages about the joys and benefits of fitness, proper nutrition, health…
and resistance training. Helps you acquire a sound body and clear mind to achieve an energy-filled, stress-free lifestyle and empowered self-image.Designed to inform, educate and inspire women of all ages about the joys and benefits of fitness, proper nutrition, health…
and resistance training. Helps you acquire a sound body and clear mind to achieve an energy-filled, stress-free lifestyle and empowered self-image.Designed to inform, educate and inspire women of all ages about the joys and benefits of fitness, proper nutrition, health…
and resistance training. Helps you acquire a sound body and clear mind to achieve an energy-filled, stress-free lifestyle and empowered self-image.Phosphorescent Oxygen-Sensitive Probes
Par James Hynes, Dmitri Papkovsky, Ruslan I. Dmitriev, Andreas Fercher, Alexander V. Zhdanov. 2012
Biological O2 sensing probes and measurement techniques were first introduced in the late 80s. In the last 3-5 years they…
have undergone major development that have made them available and affordable for a broad range of applications in various disciplines of the life and biomedical sciences. These new chemistries and technologies, which are significantly different from the majority of other fluorescence-based probes and detection techniques, have already demonstrated their high utility. This book will provide a systematic overview of the existing and emerging O2 sensing technologies in their different modifications, a practical guide to their rational selection and use, and examples of biological applications/case studies, including details on how to set up and conduct such experiments, troubleshoot and interpret the data.Oxygen Diving (Diving Sciences)
Par Ryszard Klos. 2023
The book provides a derivation of the models used for calculating the risk and hazard of central oxygen toxicity pertaining…
to diving-based studies consistent with the research conducted earlier by the Royal Navy and the US Navy. This book forms the basis for extending the possibility of undertaking nitrox dives in combination with oxygen dives, thus significantly increasing tactical capabilities of conducting diving special operations. Features: provides derivation of the models used for calculating the risk and hazard of central oxygen toxicity improves oxygen diving procedures described in the US Navy Diving Manual includes procedures applicable to undertaking nitrox dives in combination with oxygen dives pitches the material at highest technology readiness levels, i.e. 9 TRL aims to increase tactical capabilities of conducting diving special operations This book is aimed at researchers, professionals and graduate students in life support system design, diving submarine safety, ventilation, health, sanitary engineering, mining engineering and working environment in chambers or closed compartments.Oxygen Transport to Tissue XXXVI
Par Duane F. Bruley, David K. Harrison, Harold M. Swartz. 2014
This book contains the refereed contributions from the 41st annual meeting of ISOTT. The annual meetings of ISOTT bring together…
scientists from various fields (medicine, physiology, mathematics, biology, chemistry, physics, engineering, etc. ) in a unique international forum. Traditionally, ISOTT conferences are a place, where an atmosphere of interaction is created, where many questions are asked after each presentation and lively discussions occur at a high scientific level. This vivid interaction is the main motivation for members to participate and gain new ideas and knowledge in the broad field of oxygen transport to tissue. The papers in this volume summarize some of the outstanding contributions from the 41st annual meeting. Special features in this volume include invited presentations from senior members of ISOTT for the theme "the wisdom of ISOTT" in which founders, past presidents and prize winners from previous meetings provided both cutting edge new knowledge and integrated overviews of critical aspects of the field. The presentations and manuscripts also include those provided by the special opportunity provided by having part of the ISOTT meeting overlap with the EPR-2013 meeting where both focused on preclinical and clinical measurements of oxygen, with a particular emphasis on cancer.Oxygen Transport to Tissue XXXVIII
Par Duane F. Bruley, David K. Harrison, Qingming Luo, Lin Z. Li, Hua Shi. 2016
This book contains the refereed contributions from the 43rd annual meeting of ISOTT. The annual meetings of ISOTT bring together…
scientists from various fields (medicine, physiology, mathematics, biology, chemistry, physics, engineering, etc. ) in a unique international forum. ISOTT conferences are a place where an atmosphere of interaction is created, where many questions are asked after each presentation and lively discussions occur at a high scientific level. This vivid interaction is the main motivation for members to participate and gain new ideas and knowledge in the broad field of oxygen transport to tissue. The proceedings include sessions covered various research topics including Multi-Modal Imaging/Spectroscopy & Instrumentation; Cancer Metabolism; Cellular Hypoxia and Mitochondrial Function; Brain Oxygenation and Function; Other Organ Function and Metabolism; Oxygen Transport in Sports, Diseases and Clinical Care; Acupuncture, Meridians, and Primo Vascular System; EPR, MRS and MRI.Oxygen Transport to Tissue XXXVIII
Par Duane Bruley, Qingming Luo, Lin Li, Hua Shi. 2016
This book contains the refereed contributions from the 43rd annual meeting of ISOTT The annual meetings of ISOTT…
bring together scientists from various fields medicine physiology mathematics biology chemistry physics engineering etc in a unique international forum ISOTT conferences are a place where an atmosphere of interaction is created where many questions are asked after each presentation and lively discussions occur at a high scientific level This vivid interaction is the main motivation for members to participate and gain new ideas and knowledge in the broad field of oxygen transport to tissue The proceedings include sessions covered various research topics including Multi-Modal Imaging Spectroscopy Instrumentation Cancer Metabolism Cellular Hypoxia and Mitochondrial Function Brain Oxygenation and Function Other Organ Function and Metabolism Oxygen Transport in Sports Diseases and Clinical Care Acupuncture Meridians and Primo Vascular System EPR MRS and MRIOxygen Transport to Tissue XXXVII
Par David K. Harrison, Clare E. Elwell, Terence S. Leung. 2016
This book contains the refereed contributions from the 42nd annual meeting of ISOTT. The annual meetings of ISOTT bring together…
scientists from various fields (medicine, physiology, mathematics, biology, chemistry, physics, engineering, etc. ) in a unique international forum. ISOTT conferences are a place where an atmosphere of interaction is created, where many questions are asked after each presentation and lively discussions occur at a high scientific level. This vivid interaction is the main motivation for members to participate and gain new ideas and knowledge in the broad field of oxygen transport to tissue. The papers in this volume summarize some of the outstanding contributions from the 42nd annual meeting, which included sessions on: cellular hypoxia and mitochondria; blood substitutes and oxygen therapeutics; oxygen transport in critical care medicine and disease; muscle oxygenation; multi modal imaging techniques; brain oxygenation and imaging; optical techniques for oxygen measurement; microcirculation; mathematical modelling of oxygen transport; and cancer metabolism.Oxygen and the Evolution of Life
Par Heinz Decker, Kensal E Holde. 2010
This book describes the interlaced histories of life and oxygen. It opens with the generation of oxygen in ancient stars…
and its distribution to newly formed planets like the Earth. Free O2 was not available on the early Earth, so the first life forms had to be anaerobic. Life introduced free O2 into the environment through the evolution of photosynthesis, which must have been a disaster for many anaerobes. Others found ways to deal with the toxic reactive oxygen species and even developed a much more efficient oxygen-based metabolism. The authors vividly describe how the introduction of O2 allowed the burst of evolution that created today's biota. They also discuss the interplay of O2 and CO2, with consequences such as worldwide glaciations and global warming. On the physiological level, they present an overview of oxidative metabolism and O2 transport, and the importance of O2 in human life and medicine, emphasizing that while oxygen is essential, it is also related to aging and many disease states.Reactive Oxygen Species in Plant Signaling
Par Luis A. del Río, Alain Puppo. 2009
Until recent years the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was generally considered to be a harmful process and a…
generator of oxidative stress. But more recently this concept has been re-evaluated and the term "oxidative signaling" was coined (Foyer and Noctor, 2005). This means that ROS generation is also an important component of the signaling network of plants. Results obtained during the last decade have highlighted that ROS are key regulators of plant metabolism, morphology and development which are also used by plants to respond to environmental challenges. The role of ROS as signals for gene expression has been established, and ROS also modulate the activity of key signaling compounds such as MAP kinases. The volume of research into the roles of ROS in plants is currently growing and the purpose of this book is to present recent advances in this field.Chemistry and Biochemistry of Oxygen Therapeutics
Par Stefano Bettati, Andrea Mozzarelli. 2011
Human blood performs many important functions including defence against disease and transport of biomolecules, but perhaps the most important is…
to carry oxygen - the fundamental biochemical fuel - and other blood gases around the cardiovascular system. Traditional therapies for the impairment of this function, or the rapid replacement of lost blood, have centred around blood transfusions. However scientists are developing chemicals (oxygen therapeutics, or "blood substitutes") which have the same oxygen-carrying capability as blood and can be used as replacements for blood transfusion or to treat diseases where oxygen transport is impaired.Chemistry and Biochemistry of Oxygen Therapeutics: From Transfusion to Artificial Blood links the underlying biochemical principles of the field with chemical and biotechnological innovations and pre-clinical development.The first part of the book deals with the chemistry, biochemistry, physiology and toxicity of oxygen, including chapters on hemoglobin reactivity and regulation; the major cellular and physiological control mechanisms of blood flow and oxygen delivery; hemoglobin and myoglobin; nitric oxide and oxygen; and the role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in ischemia/reperfusion Injury.The book then discusses medical needs for oxygen supply, including acute traumatic hemorrhage and anemia; diagnosis and treatment of haemorrhages in "non-surgical" patients; management of perioperative bleeding; oxygenation in the preterm neonate; ischemianormobaric and hyperbaric oxygen therapy for ischemic stroke and other neurological conditions; and transfusion therapy in β thalassemia and sickle cell diseaseFinally "old"and new strategies for oxygen supply are described. These include the political, administrative and logistic issues surrounding transfusion; conscientious objection in patient blood management; causes and consequences of red cell incompatibility; biochemistry of red blood cell storage; proteomic investigations on stored red blood cells; red blood cells from stem cells; the universal red blood cell; allosteric effectors of hemoglobin; hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers; oxygen delivery by natural and artificial oxygen carriers; cross-linked and polymerized hemoglobins as potential blood substitutes; design of novel pegylated hemoglobins as oxygen carrying plasma expanders; hb octamers by introduction of surface cysteines; hemoglobin-vesicles as a cellular type hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier; animal models and oxidative biomarkers to evaluate pre-clinical safety of extracellular hemoglobins; and academia - industry collaboration in blood substitute development.Chemistry and Biochemistry of Oxygen Therapeutics: From Transfusion to Artificial Blood is an essential reference for clinicians, haematologists, medicinal chemists, biochemists, molecular biologists, biotechnologists and blood substitute researchers.