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Fear of a Black Universe: An Outsider's Guide to the Future of Physics
Par Stephon Alexander. 2021
In this important guide to science and society, a cosmologist argues that physics must embrace the excluded, listen to the…
unheard, and be unafraid of being wrong. Years ago, cosmologist Stephon Alexander received life-changing advice: to discover real physics, he needed to stop memorizing and start taking risks. In Fear of a Black Universe, Alexander shows that great physics requires us to think outside the mainstream -- to improvise and rely on intuition. His approach leads him to three principles that shape all theories of the universe: the principle of invariance, the quantum principle, and the principle of emergence. Alexander uses them to explore some of physics' greatest mysteries, from what happened before the big bang to how the universe makes consciousness possible. Drawing on his experience as a Black physicist, he makes a powerful case for diversifying our scientific communities. Compelling and empowering, Fear of a Black Universe offers remarkable insight into the art of physics.Paradigms of Titanate Centered Energy Materials
Par Sanjay J. Dhoble, S. C. Sharma, Abhijeet R Kadam, G. P. Darshan, H. Nagabhushuna. 2024
Titanate-centered perovskites are an important class of crystalline materials with outstanding structural and property tunability. Recently, titanate perovskites have been…
extensively investigated as new-generation materials for various energy-allied applications, together with photovoltaic cells, light emitting diodes, photo detectors and lasers, for their exceptional optical and electronic properties. With increasing attention on the development of nanotechnology and multidisciplinary research, scientists have been trying to downscale the titanate perovskite structures into the nanoregime, so as to further boost their performances and applications. Compared with bulk perovskite materials, perovskite nanomaterials exhibit a series of advantages, such as fabrication of thin films and flexible devices and PNMs display high process ability. Perovskite nanomaterials feature rich and controllable facets and active sites. Besides benefiting from the small-size effect and quantum effect, perovskite nanomaterials are endowed with outstanding photo-electromagnetic properties. Furthermore, the applications of titanate-centered perovskites in the fields of energy, environment, WLEDs, forensic science and piezoelectric devices will be reviewed. This book will also discuss the possible solutions to the problems in their application by optimizing their compositions, structures and preparation methods. This book will systematically summarize the key points in the design, synthesis, property improvements and application expansion of titanate-centered perovskites. The different perovskite structures and the rational design of functional materials will be discussed in detail. The advantages, disadvantages and experimental parameters of different synthesis methods for titanate-centered perovskites will be reviewed. This book will also summarize some practical experiences in selecting suitable elements and designing multifunctional materials according to the mechanisms and principles of elements promoting the properties of perovskites by covering almost last 20 years of literature. At the end of this book, we will provide an outlook on the opportunities and challenges in the view of development in titanate-centered perovskites The inclusive effectiveness and practicality of prospective titanate energy materials and systems are directly connected to many materials-related factors. This volume of book features totally seven sections that envelop a wide range of titanate energy materials. They cover the modern developments involving materials for alternative and renewable energy sources and systems, including energy storage and batteries, nanocomposites, hydrogen, solar, wind, geothermal, biomass and nuclear. The book is a significant orientation for students and researchers (from academics, but also industry) interested in understanding the properties of emerging titanate energy materials and challenges in the recent era.Theory of Liquids: From Excitations to Thermodynamics
Par Kostya Trachenko. 2023
Of the three basic states of matter, liquid is perhaps the most complex. While its flow properties are described by…
fluid mechanics, its thermodynamic properties are often neglected, and for many years it was widely believed that a general theory of liquid thermodynamics was unattainable. In recent decades that view has been challenged, as new advances have finally enabled us to understand and describe the thermodynamic properties of liquids. This book explains the recent developments in theory, experiment and modelling that have enabled us to understand the behaviour of excitations in liquids and the impact of this behaviour on heat capacity and other basic properties. Presented in plain language with a focus on real liquids and their experimental properties, this book is a useful reference text for researchers and graduate students in condensed matter physics and chemistry as well as for advanced courses covering the theory of liquids.Seeing the Light: Optics in Nature, Photography, Color, Vision, and Holography (Updated Edition)
Par Joan G. Thomas. 2019
The clearest and most complete non-mathematical study of light available—with updated material and a new chapter on digital photography. …
Finally, a book on the physics of light that doesn&’t require advanced mathematics to understand. Seeing the Light is the most accessible and comprehensive study of optics and light on the market. With a focus on conceptual study, Seeing the Light leaves the heavy-duty mathematics behind, instead using practical analogies and simple empirical experiments to teach the material. Each chapter is a self-contained lesson, making it easy to learn about specific optical concepts without having to read the whole book over. Inside you&’ll find clear and easy-to-understand explanations of topics including: Processes of vision and the eyeAtmospherical optical phenomenaColor perception and illusionsColor in nature and in artDigital photographyHolographyAnd more Diagrams, photos, and illustrations help bring difficult concepts to life, and optional sections at the ends of chapters explore the more advanced aspects of each topic. A truly one-of-a-kind book for physics students and teachers, this updated edition of Seeing the Light is not to be missed.SpaceShipOne: An Illustrated History
Par Dan Linehan. 2011
“One of the most remarkable accomplishments in our conquest of gravity.” — Sir Arthur C. Clarke In April, 2003, a…
company called Scaled Composites introduced SpaceShipOne to the world. SpaceShipOne: An Illustrated History chronicles the development of the world’s first commercial manned space program—aprogram that includes an airborne launcher (the White Knight), a space ship (SpaceShipOne), rocket propulsion, avionics, simulator, and full ground support. With ample illustrations, photographs, and behind-the-scenes information, SpaceShipOne provides a full picture of this classified project. The story of SpaceShipOne combines the adventurous spirit of Charles Lindbergh, the entrepreneurial drive of Howard Hughes, and the urgency of the space race at the height of the Cold War.Entangled State Representations in Quantum Optics
Par Xiang-Guo Meng, Ji-Suo Wang, Bao-Long Liang. 2023
This book highlights the applications of continuous-variable entangled state representations in the research areas of quantum optics via the integration…
method within an ordered product of operators (IWOP). As a way to develop the Dirac’s symbolic method, the IWOP method has made the integration of non-commutative operators possible by arranging non-commutable operators within an ordered product symbol. It not only deals with many existent quantum optics problems but also explores new research fields. The book also establishes a theoretical framework for solving important quantum optics subjects by taking full advantage of the entangled state representations. With original methods and detailed descriptions, the book is suitable for researchers, instructors, and students interested in quantum mechanics, quantum optics, and quantum information science.Hardware Acceleration of Computational Holography
Par Tomoyoshi Shimobaba, Tomoyoshi Ito. 2023
This book explains the hardware implementation of computational holography and hardware acceleration techniques, along with a number ofconcrete example source…
codes that enable fast computation. Computational holography includes computer-based holographictechnologies such as computer-generated hologram and digital holography, for which acceleration of wave-optics computation is highly desirable.This book describes hardware implementations on CPUs (Central Processing Units), GPUs (Graphics Processing Units) and FPGAs (Field ProgrammableGate Arrays).This book is intended for readers involved in holography as well as anyone interested in hardware acceleration.This book provides a model description for the electromagnetic response of topological nodal semimetals and summarizes recent experimental findings in…
these systems. Specifically, it discusses various types of topological semimetals – Dirac, Weyl, nodal-line, triple-point, and multifold semimetals – and provides description for the characteristic features of the linear electrodynamic response for all these types of materials.Topological semimetals possess peculiar bulk electronic band structure, which leads to unusual electrodynamic response. For example, the low-energy inter-band optical conductivity of nodal semimetals is supposed to demonstrate power-law frequency dependence and the intra- and inter-band contributions to the conductivity are often mixed. Further, the magneto-optical response is also unusual, because of the non-equidistant spacing between the Landau levels. Finally, in semimetals with chiral electronic bands, e.g. in Weyl semimetals, the simultaneous application of parallel magnetic and electric fields leads to the chiral anomaly, i.e. to a misbalance between the electrons with diffident chiralities. This misbalance affects the electrodynamics properties of the material and can be detected optically. All these points are addressed here in detail.The book is written for a wide audience of physicists, working in the field of topological condensed matter physics. It gives a pedagogical introduction enabling graduate students and non-experts to familiarize themselves with the subject.Grundprobleme der modernen Naturphilosophie
Par Andreas Bartels. 2023
Dieses Lehrbuch behandelt zentrale naturphilosophische Probleme, die durch Theorien der modernen Naturwissenschaften aufgeworfen werden. Es fragt, welches Bild von Raum,…
Zeit, Materie, Leben und Bewusstsein sich aus ihnen ergibt, aber auch nach den Konsequenzen der aktuellen Umweltkrise für unser praktisches Verhältnis zur Natur.The Physics and Metaphysics of Transubstantiation
Par Mark P. Fusco. 2023
In this book, Mark P. Fusco offers a historical, philosophical and theological review and appraisal of current research into quantum,…
post-modern, atheistic, mathematical, and philosophical theories that engage our interpretation of Hans Urs von Balthasar and Ferdinand Ulrich’s accounts of Ur-Kenosis. This cross-disciplinary approach inspires a new speculative metaphysical theory based on the representation of being as a holo-somatic ontology. Holocryptic metaphysics gives us a novel interpretation of transubstantiation as it is founded on the findings of quantum mechanical theory. The quantum object and black hole’s properties present a new way to explain physical matter based on its holographic identity. This scientific theory for representing physical matter’s identity is recognized, for example, in the symmetry existing between a subatomic particle and its orbital shell, a single particle’s identity in relationship to its thermodynamic system, Hawking radiation, and black hole entropy. Further, the properties of quantum non-locality and teleportation signpost a new way to understand the Eternal Logos’ relationship to Jesus Christ and the Eucharist.Dimensión desconocida: El hiperespacio y la física moderna
Par Gerardo Herrera Corral. 2023
Un libro sobre la naturaleza del tiempo y el espacio, y la exploración científica de otras dimensiones. Y si existiera…
una cuarta dimensión espacial que no pudiéramos percibir? ¿Y si el tiempo, que nos parece una realidad implacable, no fuera más que una ilusión de nuestra mente? ¿Y si nuestro universo fuera sólo uno de los muchos que integran un complejo multiverso inflacionario? Estas preguntas, que parecieran derivadas de un guion de ciencia ficción o propias de un temperamento esotérico, constituyen algunos de los planteamientos más rigurosos de la física moderna. Y son la fascinante materia de este libro.La ciencia lleva más de un siglo explorando el hiperespacio, es decir, considerando la existencia real de un espacio con cuatro o más dimensiones. En Dimensión desconocida, Gerardo Herrera Corral revisa los momentos más importantes de esa aventura, tanto teórica como experimental: desde la fusión del tiempo y el espacio en una sola entidad —por parte de teoría de la relatividad—, pasando por la primera propuesta de una dimensión adicional —en un intento por unificar la gravedad y el electromagnetismo—,hasta llegar a las 26 dimensiones que postula la teoría de cuerdas, que luego serían reducidas a 10, debido a la supersimetría. Quizás esas otras dimensiones son demasiado grandes o demasiado pequeñas y por ello no hemos podido detectarlas. Sin embargo, si llegara a comprobarse su existencia, cambiaría para siempre nuestra noción de la realidad, pues, como nos recuerda Herrera Corral, el tiempo y el espacio son más que el simple escenarioSpacecraft that Explored the Inner Planets Venus and Mercury (Springer Praxis Books)
Par Thomas Lund. 2023
A series of increasingly capable spacecraft were sent to explore the inner planets Venus and Mercury. The history of that…
planetary exploration is traced in this book along with the evolution of sophisticated spacecraft that unveiled long-sought secrets of the planets. The spacecraft were ingenious and reflected the best efforts of talented people working with the available technology of the day. Additionally, this book showcases engineering involved in those capable machines. A consecutive series of 34 planetary spacecraft, which span the time period 1961 to 2021, are described. This includes the unsuccessful missions of several early spacecraft that paved the way for a better understanding of Venus’ hostile environments. This book will describe many successful spacecraft sent to Venus by the Soviet Union and many successful spacecraft sent to Venus and to Mercury by the United States.The recent exploration of Venus by the European Space Agency’s Venus Express and the Japanese spacecraft Akatsuki can also be found in this book. The author draws on over 50 years of experience on aircraft and spacecraft systems to tell the story of these planetary spacecraft. The spacecraft experience includes being the technical lead for the landing radars on the Surveyor and Apollo lunar landers as well as providing analyses for the rendezvous radar for the Space Shuttle. Practical engineering experience is augmented by Master’s degrees in electrical engineering, physics, and business administration.Introduction to Elementary Particles
Par David Griffiths. 2010
In the second, revised edition of a well-established textbook, the author strikes a balance between quantitative rigor and intuitive understanding,…
using a lively, informal style. The first chapter provides a detailed historical introduction to the subject, while subsequent chapters offer a quantitative presentation of the Standard Model. A simplified introduction to the Feynman rules, based on a "toy" model, helps readers learn the calculational techniques without the complications of spin. It is followed by accessible treatments of quantum electrodynamics, the strong and weak interactions, and gauge theories. New chapters address neutrino oscillations and prospects for physics beyond the Standard Model. The book contains a number of worked examples and many end-of-chapter problems. A complete solution manual is available for instructors.Photonic Crystal and Its Applications for Next Generation Systems (Springer Tracts in Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Par Ramesh Raju, Sathish-Kumar Kamaraj, Arun Thirumurugan, Shanmuga Sundar Dhanabalan, Sridarshini Thirumaran. 2023
This book covers the advanced fabrication techniques, challenges, and applications of photonic crystals for next-generation systems in various applications such…
as high-speed networks, photonic integrated circuits, health care, sensors, energy, and environmental. This book highlights the literature and works put forward by various scientists, researchers, and academicians in photonic crystals and their real-time applications. The content of the book appeals to readers such as students, researchers, and industrial engineers who are working in the design and development of photonics-based concepts, components, and devices for various applications.Photoelectric Detection on Derived Attributes of Targets
Par Yihua Hu, Xing Yang. 2023
This book highlights the novel photoelectric detection technique on derived attributes of targets. Photoelectric detection on derived attributes of targets…
is a new target detection and monitoring method. It is achieved by acquiring three types of attributes of the target, including those that reflect the essential features of parts of the target, those directly generated from the target, and those synthesized by the target features. The book introduces the classification of derived attributes of targets and describes typical detection methods. Emphases are put on laser detection of aerial moving targets, using derived attributes such as the disturbance of atmospheric wind fields, trailing vortexes, and the disturbance of atmospheric components. The authors also elaborate on visible light imaging detection using derived attributes such as retroreflection and the identification of target carriers. Besides, the synthetic attributes processing of integrated aerospace images is introduced for the detection of targets on the ground and sea surfaces. This book can be used as a good reference for researchers engaged in the fields of photoelectric detection, target detection and image processing, and as a reference book for senior undergraduates and postgraduates in relevant majors.Thermo-Mechanically Coupled Cyclic Deformation and Fatigue Failure of NiTi Shape Memory Alloys: Experiments, Simulations and Theories (Springer Series in Materials Science #335)
Par Guozheng Kang, Qianhua Kan, Chao Yu. 2023
Written by leading experts in the field, this book highlights an authoritative and comprehensive introduction to thermo-mechanically coupled cyclic deformation…
and fatigue failure of shape memory alloys. The book deals with: (1) experimental observations on the cyclic deformation and fatigue failure in the macroscopic and microscopic scales; (2) molecular dynamics and phase-field simulations for the thermo-mechanical behaviors and underlying mechanisms during cyclic deformation; (3) macroscopic phenomenological and crystal plasticity-based cyclic constitutive models; and (4) fatigue failure models. This book is an important reference for students, practicing engineers and researchers who study shape memory alloys in the areas of mechanical, civil and aerospace engineering as well as materials science.Piezotronics and Piezo-Phototronics: Applications to Third-Generation Semiconductors (Microtechnology and MEMS)
Par Zhong Lin Wang, Yan Zhang, Weiguo Hu. 2023
Co-authored by the discoverer of the piezotronic effect, this book is a fundamental and comprehensive survey of piezotronics and piezo-phototronics.…
Piezotronics is a term broadly applied to devices fabricated using the piezopotential as a “gate” voltage to tune/control charge carrier transport at a contact or junction. The piezo-phototronic effect describes the use of the piezopotential to control the carrier generation, transport, separation and/or recombination for improving the performance of optoelectronic devices. The book first introduces the theory of the piezotronic effect and its applications in transistors, sensors, and catalysis. Subsequent chapters comprehensively cover the fundamentals of the piezo-phototronic effect and its impacts on photon sensors, solar cells, and LEDs.The updated and significantly expanded second edition covers the most recent advances and breakthroughs in this field over the last decade — gas, chemical, and biological nanosensors; quantum dots, wells, and wires; piezocatalysis; the piezo-photonic effect; and the pyro-phototronic effect. This seminal book serves as a basic text for scientists and students in the field of piezotronic devices and third-generation semiconductors.Optical Polarimetric Modalities for Biomedical Research (Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering)
Par Nirmal Mazumder, Yury V. Kistenev, Ekaterina Borisova, Shama Prasada K.. 2023
This book focuses on polarization microscopy, a powerful optical tool used to study anisotropic properties in biomolecules, and its enormous…
potential to improve diagnostic tools for various biomedical research. The interaction of polarized light with normal and abnormal regions of tissue reveals structural information associated with its pathological condition. Diagnosis using conventional microscopy can be time-consuming, as pathologists require an hour to freeze and stain tissue slices from suspected patients. In comparison, polarization microscopy more quickly distinguishes abnormal tissue and provides better microstructural information of samples, even in the absence of staining. This book provides a basic understanding of the properties of polarized light, a description of the polarization microscope, and a mathematical formalism of Mueller matrix polarimetry. The authors discuss various advanced linear and nonlinear optical techniques such as optical coherence tomography (OCT), reflectance and transmission spectroscopy, fluorescence, multiphoton excitation, second harmonic generation, Raman microscopy, and more. They explore the exciting potential of integrating polarimetry with these techniques for possible applications in different areas of biomedical research, as well as the associated challenges. Including the most recent developments on the topic, this book serves as a modern guide to polarization microscopy and advancements in its use in biomedical research.Mathematics of Classical and Quantum Physics (Dover Books on Physics)
Par Robert W. Fuller, Frederick W. Byron Jr.. 1992
This textbook is designed to complement graduate-level physics texts in classical mechanics, electricity, magnetism, and quantum mechanics. Organized around the…
central concept of a vector space, the book includes numerous physical applications in the body of the text as well as many problems of a physical nature. It is also one of the purposes of this book to introduce the physicist to the language and style of mathematics as well as the content of those particular subjects with contemporary relevance in physics.Chapters 1 and 2 are devoted to the mathematics of classical physics. Chapters 3, 4 and 5 — the backbone of the book — cover the theory of vector spaces. Chapter 6 covers analytic function theory. In chapters 7, 8, and 9 the authors take up several important techniques of theoretical physics — the Green's function method of solving differential and partial differential equations, and the theory of integral equations. Chapter 10 introduces the theory of groups. The authors have included a large selection of problems at the end of each chapter, some illustrating or extending mathematical points, others stressing physical application of techniques developed in the text.Essentially self-contained, the book assumes only the standard undergraduate preparation in physics and mathematics, i.e. intermediate mechanics, electricity and magnetism, introductory quantum mechanics, advanced calculus and differential equations. The text may be easily adapted for a one-semester course at the graduate or advanced undergraduate level.Himalaya: Dynamics of a Giant, Current Activity of the Himalayan Range
Par Rodolphe Cattin, Jean-Luc Epard. 2023
The Himalaya is well known as the largest and highest mountain belt on Earth. Advances in geoscience over the past…
few decades have revealed a complex picture of the dynamics of this giant, opening up questions about the initial stages of Himalayan building, lateral variations in its structures, variations in tectonic forcing, tectonic-climate coupling and assessments of the natural hazards affecting this area. In this three-volume book, we present the current knowledge on the building and present-day behavior of the Himalayan range. The objective is not to be exhaustive, but to provide some key elements used by researchers to unravel the many processes acting in the Himalayan dynamics. Mountain environments are at the forefront of climate change with glacier retreat, landslides, flash floods and water availability. Understanding the delicate balance that controls the dynamics of the Himalayan giant is now, more than ever, a major challenge for the scientific community.