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Spacecraft that Explored the Inner Planets Venus and Mercury (Springer Praxis Books)
Par Thomas Lund. 2023
A series of increasingly capable spacecraft were sent to explore the inner planets Venus and Mercury. The history of that…
planetary exploration is traced in this book along with the evolution of sophisticated spacecraft that unveiled long-sought secrets of the planets. The spacecraft were ingenious and reflected the best efforts of talented people working with the available technology of the day. Additionally, this book showcases engineering involved in those capable machines. A consecutive series of 34 planetary spacecraft, which span the time period 1961 to 2021, are described. This includes the unsuccessful missions of several early spacecraft that paved the way for a better understanding of Venus’ hostile environments. This book will describe many successful spacecraft sent to Venus by the Soviet Union and many successful spacecraft sent to Venus and to Mercury by the United States.The recent exploration of Venus by the European Space Agency’s Venus Express and the Japanese spacecraft Akatsuki can also be found in this book. The author draws on over 50 years of experience on aircraft and spacecraft systems to tell the story of these planetary spacecraft. The spacecraft experience includes being the technical lead for the landing radars on the Surveyor and Apollo lunar landers as well as providing analyses for the rendezvous radar for the Space Shuttle. Practical engineering experience is augmented by Master’s degrees in electrical engineering, physics, and business administration.Introduction to Elementary Particles
Par David Griffiths. 2010
In the second, revised edition of a well-established textbook, the author strikes a balance between quantitative rigor and intuitive understanding,…
using a lively, informal style. The first chapter provides a detailed historical introduction to the subject, while subsequent chapters offer a quantitative presentation of the Standard Model. A simplified introduction to the Feynman rules, based on a "toy" model, helps readers learn the calculational techniques without the complications of spin. It is followed by accessible treatments of quantum electrodynamics, the strong and weak interactions, and gauge theories. New chapters address neutrino oscillations and prospects for physics beyond the Standard Model. The book contains a number of worked examples and many end-of-chapter problems. A complete solution manual is available for instructors.Gone Missing (Amazing Mysteries Series)
Par John Townsend. 2010
The world is full of strange disappearances. There is the man who suddenly vanished in front of family and friends…
and another who disappeared from a plane in mid-flight. Gone Missing takes a fascinating journey through these strange events. Here you'll discover the mysteries of the Bermuda Triangle, the ships that were abandoned for no obvious reason, and many other people who have simply disappeared without a trace. Prepare to be puzzled and amazed!Photonic Crystal and Its Applications for Next Generation Systems (Springer Tracts in Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Par Ramesh Raju, Sathish-Kumar Kamaraj, Arun Thirumurugan, Shanmuga Sundar Dhanabalan, Sridarshini Thirumaran. 2023
This book covers the advanced fabrication techniques, challenges, and applications of photonic crystals for next-generation systems in various applications such…
as high-speed networks, photonic integrated circuits, health care, sensors, energy, and environmental. This book highlights the literature and works put forward by various scientists, researchers, and academicians in photonic crystals and their real-time applications. The content of the book appeals to readers such as students, researchers, and industrial engineers who are working in the design and development of photonics-based concepts, components, and devices for various applications.Photoelectric Detection on Derived Attributes of Targets
Par Yihua Hu, Xing Yang. 2023
This book highlights the novel photoelectric detection technique on derived attributes of targets. Photoelectric detection on derived attributes of targets…
is a new target detection and monitoring method. It is achieved by acquiring three types of attributes of the target, including those that reflect the essential features of parts of the target, those directly generated from the target, and those synthesized by the target features. The book introduces the classification of derived attributes of targets and describes typical detection methods. Emphases are put on laser detection of aerial moving targets, using derived attributes such as the disturbance of atmospheric wind fields, trailing vortexes, and the disturbance of atmospheric components. The authors also elaborate on visible light imaging detection using derived attributes such as retroreflection and the identification of target carriers. Besides, the synthetic attributes processing of integrated aerospace images is introduced for the detection of targets on the ground and sea surfaces. This book can be used as a good reference for researchers engaged in the fields of photoelectric detection, target detection and image processing, and as a reference book for senior undergraduates and postgraduates in relevant majors.Thermo-Mechanically Coupled Cyclic Deformation and Fatigue Failure of NiTi Shape Memory Alloys: Experiments, Simulations and Theories (Springer Series in Materials Science #335)
Par Guozheng Kang, Qianhua Kan, Chao Yu. 2023
Written by leading experts in the field, this book highlights an authoritative and comprehensive introduction to thermo-mechanically coupled cyclic deformation…
and fatigue failure of shape memory alloys. The book deals with: (1) experimental observations on the cyclic deformation and fatigue failure in the macroscopic and microscopic scales; (2) molecular dynamics and phase-field simulations for the thermo-mechanical behaviors and underlying mechanisms during cyclic deformation; (3) macroscopic phenomenological and crystal plasticity-based cyclic constitutive models; and (4) fatigue failure models. This book is an important reference for students, practicing engineers and researchers who study shape memory alloys in the areas of mechanical, civil and aerospace engineering as well as materials science.Piezotronics and Piezo-Phototronics: Applications to Third-Generation Semiconductors (Microtechnology and MEMS)
Par Zhong Lin Wang, Yan Zhang, Weiguo Hu. 2023
Co-authored by the discoverer of the piezotronic effect, this book is a fundamental and comprehensive survey of piezotronics and piezo-phototronics.…
Piezotronics is a term broadly applied to devices fabricated using the piezopotential as a “gate” voltage to tune/control charge carrier transport at a contact or junction. The piezo-phototronic effect describes the use of the piezopotential to control the carrier generation, transport, separation and/or recombination for improving the performance of optoelectronic devices. The book first introduces the theory of the piezotronic effect and its applications in transistors, sensors, and catalysis. Subsequent chapters comprehensively cover the fundamentals of the piezo-phototronic effect and its impacts on photon sensors, solar cells, and LEDs.The updated and significantly expanded second edition covers the most recent advances and breakthroughs in this field over the last decade — gas, chemical, and biological nanosensors; quantum dots, wells, and wires; piezocatalysis; the piezo-photonic effect; and the pyro-phototronic effect. This seminal book serves as a basic text for scientists and students in the field of piezotronic devices and third-generation semiconductors.Optical Polarimetric Modalities for Biomedical Research (Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering)
Par Nirmal Mazumder, Yury V. Kistenev, Ekaterina Borisova, Shama Prasada K.. 2023
This book focuses on polarization microscopy, a powerful optical tool used to study anisotropic properties in biomolecules, and its enormous…
potential to improve diagnostic tools for various biomedical research. The interaction of polarized light with normal and abnormal regions of tissue reveals structural information associated with its pathological condition. Diagnosis using conventional microscopy can be time-consuming, as pathologists require an hour to freeze and stain tissue slices from suspected patients. In comparison, polarization microscopy more quickly distinguishes abnormal tissue and provides better microstructural information of samples, even in the absence of staining. This book provides a basic understanding of the properties of polarized light, a description of the polarization microscope, and a mathematical formalism of Mueller matrix polarimetry. The authors discuss various advanced linear and nonlinear optical techniques such as optical coherence tomography (OCT), reflectance and transmission spectroscopy, fluorescence, multiphoton excitation, second harmonic generation, Raman microscopy, and more. They explore the exciting potential of integrating polarimetry with these techniques for possible applications in different areas of biomedical research, as well as the associated challenges. Including the most recent developments on the topic, this book serves as a modern guide to polarization microscopy and advancements in its use in biomedical research.Mathematics of Classical and Quantum Physics (Dover Books on Physics)
Par Robert W. Fuller, Frederick W. Byron Jr.. 1992
This textbook is designed to complement graduate-level physics texts in classical mechanics, electricity, magnetism, and quantum mechanics. Organized around the…
central concept of a vector space, the book includes numerous physical applications in the body of the text as well as many problems of a physical nature. It is also one of the purposes of this book to introduce the physicist to the language and style of mathematics as well as the content of those particular subjects with contemporary relevance in physics.Chapters 1 and 2 are devoted to the mathematics of classical physics. Chapters 3, 4 and 5 — the backbone of the book — cover the theory of vector spaces. Chapter 6 covers analytic function theory. In chapters 7, 8, and 9 the authors take up several important techniques of theoretical physics — the Green's function method of solving differential and partial differential equations, and the theory of integral equations. Chapter 10 introduces the theory of groups. The authors have included a large selection of problems at the end of each chapter, some illustrating or extending mathematical points, others stressing physical application of techniques developed in the text.Essentially self-contained, the book assumes only the standard undergraduate preparation in physics and mathematics, i.e. intermediate mechanics, electricity and magnetism, introductory quantum mechanics, advanced calculus and differential equations. The text may be easily adapted for a one-semester course at the graduate or advanced undergraduate level.Himalaya: Dynamics of a Giant, Current Activity of the Himalayan Range
Par Rodolphe Cattin, Jean-Luc Epard. 2023
The Himalaya is well known as the largest and highest mountain belt on Earth. Advances in geoscience over the past…
few decades have revealed a complex picture of the dynamics of this giant, opening up questions about the initial stages of Himalayan building, lateral variations in its structures, variations in tectonic forcing, tectonic-climate coupling and assessments of the natural hazards affecting this area. In this three-volume book, we present the current knowledge on the building and present-day behavior of the Himalayan range. The objective is not to be exhaustive, but to provide some key elements used by researchers to unravel the many processes acting in the Himalayan dynamics. Mountain environments are at the forefront of climate change with glacier retreat, landslides, flash floods and water availability. Understanding the delicate balance that controls the dynamics of the Himalayan giant is now, more than ever, a major challenge for the scientific community.Himalaya: Dynamics of a Giant, Tectonic Units and Structure of the Himalaya
Par Rodolphe Cattin, Jean-Luc Epard. 2023
The Himalaya is well known as the largest and highest mountain belt on Earth. Advances in geoscience over the past…
few decades have revealed a complex picture of the dynamics of this giant, opening up questions about the initial stages of Himalayan building, lateral variations in its structures, variations in tectonic forcing, tectonic-climate coupling and assessments of the natural hazards affecting this area. In this three-volume book, we present the current knowledge on the building and present-day behavior of the Himalayan range. The objective is not to be exhaustive, but to provide some key elements used by researchers to unravel the many processes acting in the Himalayan dynamics. Mountain environments are at the forefront of climate change with glacier retreat, landslides, flash floods and water availability. Understanding the delicate balance that controls the dynamics of the Himalayan giant is now, more than ever, a major challenge for the scientific community.Himalaya: Dynamics of a Giant, Geodynamic Setting of the Himalayan Range
Par Rodolphe Cattin, Jean-Luc Epard. 2023
The Himalaya is well known as the largest and highest mountain belt on Earth. Advances in geoscience over the past…
few decades have revealed a complex picture of the dynamics of this giant, opening up questions about the initial stages of Himalayan building, lateral variations in its structures, variations in tectonic forcing, tectonic-climate coupling and assessments of the natural hazards affecting this area. In this three-volume book, we present the current knowledge on the building and present-day behavior of the Himalayan range. The objective is not to be exhaustive, but to provide some key elements used by researchers to unravel the many processes acting in the Himalayan dynamics. Mountain environments are at the forefront of climate change with glacier retreat, landslides, flash floods and water availability. Understanding the delicate balance that controls the dynamics of the Himalayan giant is now, more than ever, a major challenge for the scientific community.Drawing on practical engineering experience and latest achievements of space technology in China, this title investigates spacecraft system design and…
introduces several design methods based on the model development process.A well-established space engineering system with spacecraft as the core is integral to spaceflight activities and missions of entering, exploring, developing and utilizing outer space. This book expounds the key phases in the workflow of spacecraft development, including task analysis, overall plan design, external interface, configuration and assembly design and experimental verification. Subsystems that function as the nuclei of spacecraft design and important aspects in the model development process are then examined, such as orbit design, environmental influence factors, reliability design, dynamics analysis, etc. In addition, it also discusses the digital environment and methods to improve the efficiency of system design.The title will appeal to researchers, students, and especially professionals interested in spacecraft system design and space engineering.As we prod the cosmos at very large scales, basic tenets of physics seem to crumble under the weight of…
contradicting evidence. This book helps mitigate the crisis. It resorts to artificial intelligence (AI) for answers and describes the outcome of this quest in terms of an ur-universe, a quintessential compact multiply connected space that incorporates a fifth dimension to encode space-time as a latent manifold. In some ways, AI is bolder than humans because the huge corpus of knowledge, starting with the prodigious Standard Model (SM) of particle physics, poses almost no burden to its conjecture-framing processes. Why not feed AI with the SM enriched by the troubling cosmological phenomenology on dark matter and dark energy and see where AI takes us vis-à-vis reconciling the conflicting data with the laws of physics? This is precisely the intellectual adventure described in this book and – to the best of our knowledge – in no other book on the shelf. As the reader will discover, many AI conjectures and validations ultimately make a lot of sense, even if their boldness does not feel altogether "human" yet. This book is written for a broad readership. Prerequisites are minimal, but a background in college math/physics/computer science is desirable. This book does not merely describe what is known about dark matter and dark energy but also provides readers with intellectual tools to engage in a quest for the deepest cosmological mystery.Today Lie group theoretical approach to differential equations has been extended to new situations and has become applicable to the…
majority of equations that frequently occur in applied sciences. Newly developed theoretical and computational methods are awaiting application. Students and applied scientists are expected to understand these methods. Volume 3 and the accompanying software allow readers to extend their knowledge of computational algebra.Written by the world's leading experts in the field, this up-to-date sourcebook covers topics such as Lie-Bäcklund, conditional and non-classical symmetries, approximate symmetry groups for equations with a small parameter, group analysis of differential equations with distributions, integro-differential equations, recursions, and symbolic software packages. The text provides an ideal introduction to the modern group analysis and addresses issues to both beginners and experienced researchers in the application of Lie group methods.Reinforcement Learning: Optimal Feedback Control with Industrial Applications (Advances in Industrial Control)
Par Frank L. Lewis, Jialu Fan, Jinna Li. 2023
This book offers a thorough introduction to the basics and scientific and technological innovations involved in the modern study of…
reinforcement-learning-based feedback control. The authors address a wide variety of systems including work on nonlinear, networked, multi-agent and multi-player systems. A concise description of classical reinforcement learning (RL), the basics of optimal control with dynamic programming and network control architectures, and a brief introduction to typical algorithms build the foundation for the remainder of the book. Extensive research on data-driven robust control for nonlinear systems with unknown dynamics and multi-player systems follows. Data-driven optimal control of networked single- and multi-player systems leads readers into the development of novel RL algorithms with increased learning efficiency. The book concludes with a treatment of how these RL algorithms can achieve optimal synchronization policies for multi-agent systems with unknown model parameters and how game RL can solve problems of optimal operation in various process industries. Illustrative numerical examples and complex process control applications emphasize the realistic usefulness of the algorithms discussed. The combination of practical algorithms, theoretical analysis and comprehensive examples presented in Reinforcement Learning will interest researchers and practitioners studying or using optimal and adaptive control, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and operations research, whether advancing the theory or applying it in mineral-process, chemical-process, power-supply or other industries.Analytical Chemistry: Basic Techniques and Methods
Par Priti Malhotra. 2023
This book is designed as an undergraduate textbook for students of analytical chemistry. It can also be used as a…
reference book to study analytical methods in chemical analysis that have wide applications in various areas such as life sciences, clinical chemistry, air and water pollution, and industrial analysis. It covers fundamentals of analytical chemistry and the various analytical methods and techniques. This textbook includes pedagogical features such as worked examples and unsolved problems at the end of each chapter. This book is also useful for students of life sciences, clinical chemistry, air and water pollution, and industrial analysis.Mere Thermodynamics
Par Don S. Lemons. 2008
An accessible exploration of a notoriously difficult subject, this &“gem of physics pedagogy . . . should be required reading for all courses…
on thermodynamics&” (Robert C. Hilborn, University of Texas at Dallas). Presenting classical thermodynamics as a concise and discrete whole, Mere Thermodynamics is a perfect tool for teaching the theory&’s central concepts and methods. The book features end-of-chapter practice problems, an appendix of worked problems, a glossary of terms, and an annotated bibliography. Accomplished teacher Don S. Lemons uses thermodynamics to solve problems from a broad range of physics. He illustrates not only the fundamentals of the subject but also advanced topics such as the relationship between the second law of thermodynamics and entropy. He highlights the intellectual structure and history of the discipline and explores the logical consequences of each of the famous three laws. Lemons explains and develops the first two laws and their corollaries, the methods and applications of thermodynamics, and the third law, as well as non-fluid variables, equilibrium and stability, and two-phase systems.Quantum Crystallography: Expectations vs Reality (SpringerBriefs in Crystallography)
Par Piero Macchi. 2022
This book explores the potential of quantum crystallography. The field accompanied the major milestones of x-ray diffraction and it has undergone…
a rapid evolution in the past few years. For this reason, some reflections are necessary in order to scrutinize the next steps and anticipate the future developments. After a short survey of the historical background and in depth description of the state of the art, some examples are provided of current and future applications of the know-how in this discipline. This implies attracting readership of both experts in the field and neophytes. The former will test their own views with the one exposed in the book; the newcomers, instead, will learn both what has been done and what could be done with quantum crystallography.Microscopic Dynamics of Plasmas and Chaos (Series in Plasma Physics)
Par Y Elskens. 2001
Microscopic Dynamics of Plasmas and Chaos discusses the resonant wave-particle interaction in plasmas, provides the tools for chaotic Hamiltonian dynamics,…
and describes a turbulent macroscopic system through the chaotic classical mechanics of the corresponding N-body problem. The book begins with the fundamentals of N-body dynamics, followed by a