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Articles 1421 à 1440 sur 2073
Par International Monetary Fund. 2021
Par International Monetary Fund. 2021
Par International Monetary Fund. 2021
Par International Monetary Fund. African Dept.. 2022
Par International Monetary Fund. 2021
Par International Monetary Fund. 2021
Par International Monetary Fund. 2021
Par International Monetary Fund. 2021
Par International Monetary Fund. 2021
Par International Monetary Fund. 2021
Par International Monetary Fund. 2021
How foreign lending weakens emerging nationsIn the nineteenth century, many developing countries turned to the credit houses of Europe for…
sovereign loans to balance their books and weather major fiscal shocks such as war. This reliance on external public finance offered emerging nations endless opportunities to overcome barriers to growth, but it also enabled rulers to bypass critical stages in institution building and political development. Pawned States reveals how easy access to foreign lending at early stages of state building has led to chronic fiscal instability and weakened state capacity in the developing world.Drawing on a wealth of original data to document the rise of cheap overseas credit between 1816 and 1913, Didac Queralt shows how countries in the global periphery obtained these loans by agreeing to “extreme conditionality,” which empowered international investors to take control of local revenue sources in cases of default, and how foreclosure eroded a country’s tax base and caused lasting fiscal disequilibrium. Queralt goes on to combine quantitative analysis of tax performance between 1816 and 2005 with qualitative historical analysis in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and the Middle East, illustrating how overreliance on external capital by local leaders distorts their incentives to expand tax capacity, articulate power-sharing institutions, and strengthen bureaucratic apparatus.Panoramic in scope, Pawned States sheds needed light on how early and easy access to external finance pushes developing nations into trajectories characterized by fragile fiscal institutions and autocratic politics.Par Stuart Thomson. 2023
A compelling mix of reputation management, crisis leadership and the role of politics in business, this book provides unique practical…
steps that leaders can take to protect their reputations and those of the organisations they head in an ever more open social media-led world. Although leaders increasingly recognise the vital intangible asset that reputation represents, too many do not really understand what reputation is and the steps that should be taken to build it and their corporate value. Given the range of factors depending on the organisation, each aspect of its complex reputational story needs to be unpicked if a reputation is to be built, maintained and protected. This step by-step-guide offers advice on how to develop the strategies needed to do this, provides clear lessons throughout from a range of experts - and distinctively, looks beyond the corporate sector to charities, governments, NGOs and the public sector. Boards, trustees, non-executive directors, senior management, and leaders of all types of organisations need to consider the steps that should be taken to build, maintain and defend their reputation, and that means knowing what their reputation is and the audiences that matter most to them. This book is the roadmap.Par Stephanie Kelton. 2020
'Game-changing ... Read it!' - Mariana MazzucatoIn a world of epic, overlapping crises, Stephanie Kelton is an indispensable source of…
moral clarity ... the truths that she teaches about money, debt, and deficits give us the tools we desperately need to build a safe future for all. Read it - then put it to use. - Naomi KleinThe leading thinker and most visible public advocate of modern monetary theory - the freshest and most important idea about economics in decades - delivers a radically different, bold, new understanding for how to build a just and prosperous society.Any ambitious proposal - ranging from fixing crumbling infrastructure to Medicare for all or preventing the coming climate apocalypse - inevitably sparks questions: how can we afford it? How can we pay for it? Stephanie Kelton points out how misguided those questions really are by using the bold ideas of modern monetary theory (MMT), a fundamentally different approach to using our resources to maximize our potential as a society.We've been thinking about government spending in the wrong ways, Kelton argues, on both sides of the political aisle. Everything that both liberal/progressives and conservatives believe about deficits and the role of money and government spending in the economy is wrong, especially the fear that deficits will endanger long-term prosperity.Through illuminating insights about government debt, deficits, inflation, taxes, the financial system, and financial constraints on the federal budget, Kelton dramatically changes our understanding of how to best deal with important issues ranging from poverty and inequality to creating jobs and building infrastructure. Rather than asking the self-defeating question of how to pay for the crucial improvements our society needs, Kelton guides us to ask: which deficits actually matter? What is the best way to balance the risk of inflation against the benefits of a society that is more broadly prosperous, safer, cleaner, and secure?With its important new ways of understanding money, taxes, and the critical role of deficit spending, MMT busts myths that prevent us from taking action because we can't get beyond the question of how to pay for it. 'The best book on rethinking economics that anyone will find right now.' - Richard Murphy, Political Economist and author of The Joy of Tax (P)2020 Hachette AudioIs there a limit to technological advancements Are technological advancements creating a more equal and fair world Starting…
from influential thinkers driving a never-ending evaluation of development discourse incorporating theories of modernisation endogenous growth globalisation neoliberalism and several others Seung-Jin Baek answers these questions and sets out practical steps to create societies that are more equal in the Fourth Industrial Revolution This book explores why Western-centred development strategies are unlikely to bring about similar developmental paths and outcomes in developing economies By theoretically and empirically assessing the Technology-Development-Inequality nexus Baek explores why a distorted developmental path has been observed in recent years with high income countries being associated with rising inequality This is important reading for all those seeking to understand international development in a twenty-first century contextPar Tohru Naito, Woohyung Lee, Yasunori Ouchida. 2017
This book gives readers the theoretical and empirical methods to analyze applied economics They are institutional economics …
information economics environmental economics international economics financial economics industrial organization public economics law and economics and spatial economics Because the chapters of this book deal with current topics in these categories they are relevant not only to researchers and graduate students but also to policy makers and entrepreneurs As there is uncertainty about the global economy it is necessary to consider optimal efficient behavior to survive in the confused world The book is organized in three parts Part 1 deals with institutional economics information economics and related topics approached through game theory Part 2 focuses on environmental economics international economics and financial economics through a microeconomic or econometric approach Finally Part 3 concentrates on public economics social security and related fields through microeconomics or macroeconomicsPar Barbara Mcpake, Samantha Smith, Charles Normand. 2013
This third edition of Barbara McPake and Charles Normand s textbook confirms it as providing the only properly international treatment…
of health economics on the market A key tenet of the book is its analysis of comparative health systems across borders and the text has been updated and revised to take account of changes in a host of countries Barack Obama s reforms in the United States are considered alongside the provision of healthcare in China providing a unique overview of these different approaches The introduction of performance related payment in various forms is appraised with the experience of developing countries such as Cambodia Rwanda and Uganda important in this regard An overview of the range of mathematical techniques available to perform economic evaluation in healthcare is also introduced although the text avoids becoming too technical In all the text builds on the success of the first edition and provides the perfect introduction to the fast changing world of health economicsPar Yazhuo Zheng, Kent Deng. 2018
This book examines failure in the urbanisation of Northwest China as a result of government industrial policies that have impacted…
on the economic development of the region By looking at the under-researched provinces of Gansu Qinghai and Inner Mongolia which make up a quarter of China s territory Zheng and Deng challenge the common story of China s miracle growth and reveal the dark side of the country s pursuit of modernity Severe weather conditions chronic drought permanent lack of oxygen and unforgiving terrain in the Northwest make farming manufacture and services difficult simply because people tend not to stay Yet China s current political system forces growth to take place even though basic conditions and prerequisites for market-based growth are missing This volume analyses ghost cities and social tension in the process of forced urbanisation in which huge amount of resources are wasted the local environment is systematically damaged and ordinary people s basic rights are brutally violated in the name of higher GDP and greater government gloryPar Peter Scholten, Mark Ostaijen. 2018
This open access book offers a critical perspective on intra-European mobility and migration by using new empirical data and theoretical…
discussions It develops a theoretical and empirical analysis of the consequences of intra-European movement for sending and receiving urban regions in The Netherlands Sweden Austria Turkey Poland and Czech Republic The book conceptualizes Central and Eastern European CEE migration by distinguishing between different types of CEE migrants and consequences This involves a mapping of migration corridors within Europe a unique empirical analysis of consequences for urban regions and an analysis of governance responses Next to the European and country perspectives on this phenomenon the book focuses on the local perspective of urban regions where most mobile citizens settle either permanently or temporarily This way the book puts the analysis of intra-European movement in the perspective of broader theoretical debates in migration studies and beyond