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Blockchain and the Law: The Rule of Code
Par Primavera De De Filippi. 2018
Since Bitcoin appeared in 2009, the digital currency has been hailed as an Internet marvel and decried as the preferred…
transaction vehicle for all manner of criminals. It has left nearly everyone without a computer science degree confused: Just how do you “mine” money from ones and zeros? The answer lies in a technology called blockchain, which can be used for much more than Bitcoin. A general-purpose tool for creating secure, decentralized, peer-to-peer applications, blockchain technology has been compared to the Internet itself in both form and impact. Some have said this tool may change society as we know it. Blockchains are being used to create autonomous computer programs known as “smart contracts,” to expedite payments, to create financial instruments, to organize the exchange of data and information, and to facilitate interactions between humans and machines. The technology could affect governance itself, by supporting new organizational structures that promote more democratic and participatory decision making. Primavera De Filippi and Aaron Wright acknowledge this potential and urge the law to catch up. That is because disintermediation—a blockchain’s greatest asset—subverts critical regulation. By cutting out middlemen, such as large online operators and multinational corporations, blockchains run the risk of undermining the capacity of governmental authorities to supervise activities in banking, commerce, law, and other vital areas. De Filippi and Wright welcome the new possibilities inherent in blockchains. But as Blockchain and the Law makes clear, the technology cannot be harnessed productively without new rules and new approaches to legal thinking.Privacy’s Blueprint: The Battle to Control the Design of New Technologies
Par Woodrow Hartzog. 2018
Every day, Internet users interact with technologies designed to undermine their privacy. Social media apps, surveillance technologies, and the Internet…
of Things are all built in ways that make it hard to guard personal information. And the law says this is okay because it is up to users to protect themselves—even when the odds are deliberately stacked against them. In Privacy’s Blueprint, Woodrow Hartzog pushes back against this state of affairs, arguing that the law should require software and hardware makers to respect privacy in the design of their products. Current legal doctrine treats technology as though it were value-neutral: only the user decides whether it functions for good or ill. But this is not so. As Hartzog explains, popular digital tools are designed to expose people and manipulate users into disclosing personal information. Against the often self-serving optimism of Silicon Valley and the inertia of tech evangelism, Hartzog contends that privacy gains will come from better rules for products, not users. The current model of regulating use fosters exploitation. Privacy’s Blueprint aims to correct this by developing the theoretical underpinnings of a new kind of privacy law responsive to the way people actually perceive and use digital technologies. The law can demand encryption. It can prohibit malicious interfaces that deceive users and leave them vulnerable. It can require safeguards against abuses of biometric surveillance. It can, in short, make the technology itself worthy of our trust.Reassertion of Control over the Investment Treaty Regime
Par Andreas Kulick. 2016
Driven by public opinion in host states, contracting parties to investment agreements are pursuing many avenues in order to curb…
a system that is being perceived - correctly or not - as having run out of control. Reassertion of Control over the Investment Treaty Regime is the first book of its kind to examine the many issues of procedure, substantive law, and policy which arise from this trend. From procedural aspects such as frivolous claims mechanisms, the establishment of appeals mechanism or state-state arbitration, to substantive issues such as joint interpretations, treaty termination or detailed definitions of standards of protection, the book identifies and discusses the main means by which states do or may reassert their control over the interpretation and application of investment treaties. Each chapter tackles one of these avenues and evaluates its potential to serve as an instrument in states' reassertion of control.Uncommon Sense: Economic Insights, from Marriage to Terrorism
Par Richard A. Posner, Gary S. Becker. 2009
The Handy Law Answer Book
Par David L Hudson. 2010
Combining practical legal tips with an exhaustive review of the law in the United States, this comprehensive reference answers more…
than 1,200 questions ranging from Where did the word tort come from? and How are state court judges selected? to Where did the first U.S. Supreme Court meet? Useful advice includes how to find a lawyer, how to file a complaint against a lawyer, how to document discrimination in the workplace, and how to handle oneself in court. Interspersed throughout are fun sidebars highlighting important cases and explanations of legal terms as well as entertaining information on bizarre and frivolous lawsuits, including one where a prisoner in Colorado sued prison officials after he injured himself during an escape attempt. With a wide range of information suitable for various knowledge bases-from junior high to junior college-this is an ideal source for anyone looking to get a better understanding of the law.A World of Struggle: How Power, Law, and Expertise Shape Global Political Economy
Par David Kennedy. 2018
A World of Struggle reveals the role of expert knowledge in our political and economic life. As politicians, citizens, and…
experts engage one another on a technocratic terrain of irresolvable argument and uncertain knowledge, a world of astonishing inequality and injustice is born.In this provocative book, David Kennedy draws on his experience working with international lawyers, human rights advocates, policy professionals, economic development specialists, military lawyers, and humanitarian strategists to provide a unique insider's perspective on the complexities of global governance. He describes the conflicts, unexamined assumptions, and assertions of power and entitlement that lie at the center of expert rule. Kennedy explores the history of intellectual innovation by which experts developed a sophisticated legal vocabulary for global management strangely detached from its distributive consequences. At the center of expert rule is struggle: myriad everyday disputes in which expertise drifts free of its moorings in analytic rigor and observable fact. He proposes tools to model and contest expert work and concludes with an in-depth examination of modern law in warfare as an example of sophisticated expertise in action.Charting a major new direction in global governance at a moment when the international order is ready for change, this critically important book explains how we can harness expert knowledge to remake an unjust world.How Judges Think
Par Richard A. Posner. 2008
A distinguished and experienced appellate court judge, Richard A. Posner offers in this new book a unique and, to orthodox…
legal thinkers, a startling perspective on how judges and justices decide cases. When conventional legal materials enable judges to ascertain the true facts of a case and apply clear pre-existing legal rules to them, Posner argues, they do so straightforwardly; that is the domain of legalist reasoning. However, in non-routine cases, the conventional materials run out and judges are on their own, navigating uncharted seas with equipment consisting of experience, emotions, and often unconscious beliefs. In doing so, they take on a legislative role, though one that is confined by internal and external constraints, such as professional ethics, opinions of respected colleagues, and limitations imposed by other branches of government on freewheeling judicial discretion. Occasional legislators, judges are motivated by political considerations in a broad and sometimes a narrow sense of that term. In that open area, most American judges are legal pragmatists. Legal pragmatism is forward-looking and policy-based. It focuses on the consequences of a decision in both the short and the long term, rather than on its antecedent logic. Legal pragmatism so understood is really just a form of ordinary practical reasoning, rather than some special kind of legal reasoning. Supreme Court justices are uniquely free from the constraints on ordinary judges and uniquely tempted to engage in legislative forms of adjudication. More than any other court, the Supreme Court is best understood as a political court.How Medicaid Fails the Poor
Par Avik Roy. 2013
Medicaid, America's government-run health insurance program for the poor, should be a lifeline that provides needed health care to Americans…
with no other options. Surprisingly, however, it doesn't. The medical literature reveals a $450 billion-a-year scandal: that people on Medicaid have far worse health outcomes than those with private insurance, and no better outcomes than those with no insurance at all.Why is this so? In How Medicaid Fails the Poor, Avik Roy explains how Medicaid's clumsy design and perverse incentives make it hard for people on Medicaid to get the medical care they need. Medicaid doesn't reimburse doctors or hospitals for the cost of caring for Medicaid enrollees, forcing many doctors to opt out of the program.The Affordable Care Act, otherwise known as Obamacare, doubles down on this broken system. Roy shows us that there are better ways, using private insurance, to provide needed care to our poorest citizens.Marijuana Law
Par Boire. 1996
Over a million people in the United States regularly smoke marijuana. Approximately 400,000 defendants each year are charged with the…
use, possession, sale, or cultivation of marijuana. MARIJUANA LAW describes how people can reduce the probability of arrest and defend themselves from prosecution if arrested.Readers will learn when a police officer can legally stop them; when they can be searched; when they have to be read their rights; what to do if an officer comes to their home with (or without) a search warrant; and how to counter many police tactics simply by knowing their rights.Contains information on the necessity defense in medical marijuana cases, drug testing, case law, and federal sentencing guidelines. It also contains practical tips on individual rights and avoiding surveillance. Includes appendices on the Bill of Rights, wallet cards, atate-by-state punishment for marijuana crimes, and the13 federal circuits; plus a thorough Index.Defending the Damned: Inside Chicago's Cook County Public Defender's Office
Par Kevin Davis. 2007
Chicago was the nation's deadliest city in 2001, recording 666 homicides. For lawyers in the Cook County Public Defender's Office…
Murder Task Force, that meant a steady flow of new clients. Eight out of ten people arrested for murder in Chicago are represented by public defenders. They're assigned the most challenging and seemingly hopeless cases, yet they always fight to win. One of those lawyers is Marijane Placek, a snakeskin boot-wearing, Shakespeare-quoting nonconformist whose courtroom bravado and sharp legal skills have made her a well-known figure around the courthouse. When an ex-convict was arrested on charges of killing a Chicago police officer that deadly year, Placek got the high-profile case, and her defense forms the hub around which the book's narrative revolves. Veteran journalist Kevin Davis reveals the compelling true story of a team of battle-scarred lawyers fighting against all odds. Unflinching, gripping, and full of surprises, Defending the Damned is an unforgettable human story and engaging courtroom drama where life and death hang in the balance. Davis explores the motives that compel these lawyers to come to work in this dark corner of the criminal justice system and exposes their insular and often misunderstood world. This groundbreaking work comes at a time when the country has seen how wrongful convictions have slipped through the system, that innocent people have been sent to death row, and that some police have lied or coerced suspects into confessing to crimes they did not commit. Such flaws drive these public defenders even harder to do their jobs, providing scrutiny to a long ignored and often broken system. Davis's reporting offers an unvarnished account of public defenders as never seen before. A powerful melding of courtroom drama and penetrating truecrime journalism, Defending the Damned is narrative nonfiction at its finest.European Metropolitan Commercial Real Estate Markets
Par Ed F. Nozeman, Arno J. Van der Vlist. 2014
Metropolitan commercial real estate markets are highly influenced by global forces, the regional economy, and institutional behaviour. While descriptions of regional…
commercial real estate markets are well known and widespread in academic literature, this monograph goes beyond that in explaining the dynamics in and variations between European metropolitan markets. By comparing those markets on relevant indicators and through extensive data analysis, a number of explaining factors is revealed. Contributions on specific metropolitan markets with different positions within the real estate cycle illustrate not only the characteristics of the local economy and its institutions, but also urgent issues such as battling vacancy, changing retail hierarchy or managing obsolescence.Ethics of War and Peace in Iran and Shi'i Islam
Par Mohammed Jafar Mahallati. 2016
Nearly four decades after a revolution, experiencing one of the longest wars in contemporary history, facing political and ideological threats…
by regional radicals such as ISIS and the Taliban, and having succeeded in negotiations with six world powers over her nuclear program, Iran appears as an experienced Muslim country seeking to build bridges with its Sunni neighbours as well as with the West.Ethics of War and Peace in Iran and Shi'i Islam explores the wide spectrum of theoretical approaches and practical attitudes concerning the justifications, causes and conduct of war in Iranian-Shi'i culture. By examining primary and secondary sources, and investigating longer lasting factors and questions over circumstantial ones, Mohammed Jafar Amir Mahallati seeks to understand modern Iranian responses to war and peace. His work is the first in its field to look into the ethics of war and peace in Iran and Shi'i Islam. It provides a prism through which the binary source of the Iranian national and religious identity informs Iranian response to modernity. By doing so, the author reveals that a syncretic and civilization-conscious soul in modern Iran is re-emerging.Newsworthy: The Supreme Court Battle over Privacy and Press Freedom
Par Samantha Barbas. 2017
In 1952, the Hill family was held hostage by escaped convicts in their suburban Pennsylvania home. The family of seven…
was trapped for nineteen hours by three fugitives who treated them politely, took their clothes and car, and left them unharmed. The Hills quickly became the subject of international media coverage. Public interest eventually died out, and the Hills went back to their ordinary, obscure lives. Until, a few years later, the Hills were once again unwillingly thrust into the spotlight by the media—with a best-selling novel loosely based on their ordeal, a play, a big-budget Hollywood adaptation starring Humphrey Bogart, and an article in Life magazine. Newsworthy is the story of their story, the media firestorm that ensued, and their legal fight to end unwanted, embarrassing, distorted public exposure that ended in personal tragedy. This story led to an important 1967 Supreme Court decision—Time, Inc. v. Hill—that still influences our approach to privacy and freedom of the press. Newsworthy draws on personal interviews, unexplored legal records, and archival material, including the papers and correspondence of Richard Nixon (who, prior to his presidency, was a Wall Street lawyer and argued the Hill family's case before the Supreme Court), Leonard Garment, Joseph Hayes, Earl Warren, Hugo Black, William Douglas, and Abe Fortas. Samantha Barbas explores the legal, cultural, and political wars waged around this seminal privacy and First Amendment case. This is a story of how American law and culture struggled to define and reconcile the right of privacy and the rights of the press at a critical point in history—when the news media were at the peak of their authority and when cultural and political exigencies pushed free expression rights to the forefront of social debate. Newsworthy weaves together a fascinating account of the rise of big media in America and the public's complex, ongoing love-hate affair with the press.The Soul of Creativity
Par Roberta Rosenthal Kwall. 2010
In the United States, human creativity is historically understood to be motivated by economic concerns. However, this perspective fails to…
account for the reality that human creativity is also often the result of internal motivations having nothing to do with money. This book addresses what motivates human creativity and how the law governing authors' rights should be shaped in response to these motivations. On a practical level, it illustrates how integrating a fuller appreciation of the inspirational dimension of the creative process will allow us to think more expansively about legal protections for authors. Many types of creators currently lack the legal ability to compel attribution for their work, to prevent misattribution, and to safeguard their work from unwanted modifications. Drawing from a number of diverse sources, including literary, philosophical, and religious works, this book offers real solutions for crafting legal measures that facilitate an author's ability to safeguard his or her work without entirely sacrificing the intellectual property policies in practice in the United States today.Invisible Hands, Invisible Objectives: Bringing Workplace Law and Public Policy into Focus
Par John W Budd, Stephen F Befort. 2009
Written for policymakers and scholars, this volume shows how the current global financial crisis affects free market ideologies, and how…
employment relationships in the United Sates need to be reworked in terms of regulations and economic efficiency. Befort (law, U. of Minnesota Law School) and Budd (management, U. of Minnesota) introduce a set of reforms that address regulatory enforcement, employee benefits, living wages, workplace safety and health, balanced income distributions and labor unions. The authors also emphasize the need for explicitness in all aspects of workplace law and public policy. Annotation ©2009 Book News, Inc. , Portland, OR (booknews. com)Framing Equal Opportunity
Par Michael Paris. 2010
In order to illuminate the crucial and often neglected role of legal translation in litigation-driven reform efforts, Paris (political science,…
City U. of New York-College of Staten Island) explores legal aspects--lawyers, rights claims, litigation, courts, and the like--in struggles to produce more egalitarian school finance and education policies. He focuses attention on would-be reformers and their mobilization of law and courts. Comparative case studies in New Jersey 1970-2009 and Kentucky 1983-2009 demonstrate details about the interplay between law and politics in litigation-based reform projects. Annotation ©2010 Book News, Inc. , Portland, OR (booknews. com)Intellectual Property Issues in Biotechnology
Par Alok Jha, Harikesh B. Singh, Chetan Keswani. 2016
Adopting a unique approach, and with case studies and examples from developing economy markets, this book integrates science and business…
to provide an introduction and an insider view of intellectual property issues within the biotech industry. Broad in scope, the book covers key principles in pharmaceutical, industrial and agricultural biotechnology within four sections. The first section details the principles of intellectual property and biotechnology, the second section covers plant biotechnology, including biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, GM foods in sustainable agriculture, microbial biodiversity and bioprospecting for improving crop health and productivity, and production and regulatory requirements of biopesticides and biofertilizers. The third section describes recent advances in industrial biotechnology, such as DNA patenting, and commercial viability of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in genome editing. The final section describes intellectual property issues in drug discovery and development personalized medicine, and vaccines in biodefense.Home Business Tax Deductions: Keep What You Earn
Par Stephen Fishman. 2016
Pay less to the IRS Completely updated for 2016 returns! For any home business, claiming all the tax deductions you…
are entitled to is essential to your business financial success. Don't miss out on the many valuable deductions you can claim. Here, you'll find out how to deduct: start-up costs home office expenses (using new IRS rules) vehicles and travel expenses entertainment and meals medical expenses under Obamacare, and retirement expenses. You'll also learn how to keep accurate, thorough records in case the IRS ever comes calling. Easy to read and full of real-life examples, this book can help you take advantage of all the valuable deductions you are entitled to. Includes the top home business deductions--the most valuable ones and how to claim them.The Racial Glass Ceiling: Subordination in American Law and Culture
Par Roy L Brooks. 2017
A compelling study of a subtle and insidious form of racial inequality in American law and culture. Why does racial…
equality continue to elude African Americans even after the election of a black president? Liberals blame white racism while conservatives blame black behavior. Both define the race problem in socioeconomic terms, mainly citing jobs, education, and policing. Roy Brooks, a distinguished legal scholar, argues that the reality is more complex. He defines the race problem African Americans face today as a three-headed hydra involving socioeconomic, judicial, and cultural conditions. Focusing on law and culture, Brooks defines the problem largely as racial subordination—“the act of impeding racial progress in pursuit of nonracist interests.” Racial subordination is little understood and underacknowledged, yet it produces devastating and even deadly racial consequences that affect both poor and socioeconomically successful African Americans. Brooks addresses a serious problem, in many ways more dangerous than overt racism, and offers a well-reasoned solution that draws upon the strongest virtues America has exhibited to the world.Public Health Law and Ethics: A Reader (Revised and Updated Second Edition)
Par Lawrence O. Gostin. 2010