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Articles 4421 à 4440 sur 5012
Par Frances Pownall. 2004
Because of the didactic nature of the historical genre, many scholars ancient and modern have seen connections between history and…
rhetoric. So far, discussion has centered on fifth-century authors -- Herodotus and Thucydides, along with the sophists and early philosophers. Pownall extends the focus of this discussion into an important period. By focusing on key intellectuals and historians of the fourth century (Plato and the major historians -- Xenophon, Ephorus, and Theopompus), she examines how these prose writers created an aristocratic version of the past as an alternative to the democratic version of the oratorical tradition. Frances Pownall is Professor of History and Classics, University of Alberta.During the fourth century BC the number of Greeks who did not live as citizens in the city-states of southern…
mainland Greece increased considerably: mercenaries, pirates, itinerant artisans and traders, their origins differed widely. It has been argued that this increase was caused by the destruction of many Greek cities in the wars of the fourth century, accompanied by the large programme of settlement begun by Alexander in the East and Timoleon in the West. Although this was an important factor, argues Dr McKechnie, more crucial was an ideological deterioration of loyalties to the city: the polis was no longer absolutely normative in the fourth century and Hellenistic periods. With so many outsiders with specialist skills, Alexander and his successors were able to recruit the armies and colonists needed to conquer and maintain empires many times larger than any single polis had ever controlled.Par G. W. Trompf. 2006
First Published in 2014. This book describes the developing application of retributive principles in historical narratives before Christ. It assesses…
degrees of concern in the first history-writers of the world's most widespread monotheistic tradition to discern divine justice in human affairs.Par Gareth C. Sampson. 2019
&“Capture[s] the essence of the struggle within Rome for reform and power and dominance . . . a page turner of a…
book . . . that offers fresh insight.&” —Firetrench Following the First Civil War the Roman Republic was able to rebuild itself and restore stability. Yet the problems which had plagued the previous seventy years of the Republic, of political reform being met with violence and bloodshed, had not been resolved and once again resumed. Men such as Catiline and Clodius took up the mantle of reform which saw Rome paralyzed with domestic conflict and ultimately carnage and murder. In the search for stability, the Roman system produced a series of military dynasts; men such as Pompey, Crassus and Caesar. Ultimately this led to the Republic&’s collapse into a second and third civil war and the end of the old Republican system. In its place was the Principate, a new Republic founded on the promise of peace and security at home and an end to the decades of bloodshed. Gareth Sampson analyses the various reforming politicians, their policies and opponents and the conflicts that resulted. He charts the Republic&’s collapse into further civil wars and the new system that rose from the ashes. &“[Sampson] has obviously done a huge amount of research, and yet managed to turn what could be a dry subject into an interesting tale of men battling for control. Far more exciting than Game of Thrones, and with added gladiators!&” —Army Rumour Service (ARRSE)Par Thomas Wiedemann. 1989
There is little evidence to enable us to reconstruct what it felt like to be a child in the Roman…
world. We do, however, have ample evidence about the feelings and expectations that adults had for children over the centuries between the end of the Roman republic and late antiquity. Thomas Wiedemann draws on this evidence to describe a range of attitudes towards children in the classical period, identifying three areas where greater individuality was assigned to children: through political office-holding; through education; and, for Christians, through membership of the Church in baptism. These developments in both pagan and Christian practices reflect wider social changes in the Roman world during the first four centuries of the Christian era. Of obvious value to classicists, Adults and Children in the Roman Empire, first published in 1989, is also indispensable for anthropologists, and well as those interested in ecclesiastical and social history.Par Edwyn Bevan. 1927
First published in 1927, this title presents a well-regarded study of this intriguing and often over-looked period of Egyptian history,…
both for the general reader and the student of Hellenism.Edwyn Bevan describes his work as ‘an attempt to tell afresh the story of a great adventure, Greek rule in the land of the Pharaohs…which ends with the astounding episode of Cleopatra’. The result is a remarkable synthesis of historical scholarship, prose style and breadth of vision, which will still prove to be of value to Egypt enthusiasts and students of Egyptology.Par C.D.N. Costa. 1973
Two thousand years after his death Horace is still recognised as a unique poet, having exerted marked influence on later…
European literature. This collection, first published in 1973, explores the different aspects of Horace’s poetic achievement in his main works: the Odes, Epistles¸ Satires and Ars Poetica. The essays, written by internationally-known scholars, include a discussion of the three worlds of the Satires, and a study of Horace’s poetic craft in the Odes – his greatest technical accomplishment. The final chapter is devoted entirely to Horace’s reputation in England up to the seventeenth century as ‘The Best of Lyrick Poets’, and concentrates on the many English translations which he inspired. The expert criticism is illustrated throughout by English translations from the original Latin texts. Horace will appeal to students and scholars of Latin poetry alike, as well as to those interested in the reception of classical literature throughout European history.Par F. Gerald Downing. 1998
F. Gerald Downing explores the teachings of Paul, arguing that the development of Paul's preaching and of the Pauline Church…
owed a great deal to the views of the vagabond Cynic philosophers, critics of the gods and of the ethos of civic society.F. Gerald Downing examines the New Testament writings of Paul, explaining how he would have been seen, heard, perceived and understood by his culturally and ethnically diverse converts and disciples. He engages in a lucid Pauline commentary and offers some startling and ground-breaking views of Paul and his Word.Cynics, Paul and the Pauline Churches is a unique and controversial book, particularly in its endorsement of the simple and ascetic life proffered in Paul's teachings in comparison with the greedy, consumerist and self-promoting nature of today's society.Par Vivian Nutton. 2013
The first edition of Ancient Medicine was the most complete examination of the medicine of the ancient world for a…
hundred years. The new edition includes the key discoveries made since the first edition, especially from important texts discovered in recent finds of papyri and manuscripts, making it the most comprehensive and up-to-date survey available. Vivian Nutton pays particular attention to the life and work of doctors in communities, links between medicine and magic, and examines the different approaches to medicine across the ancient world. The new edition includes more on Rufus and Galen as well as augmented information on Babylonia, Hellenistic medicine and Late Antiquity. With recently discovered texts made accessible for the first time, and providing new evidence, this broad exploration challenges currently held perspectives, and proves an invaluable resource for students of both classics and the history of medicine.Par Sarah Iles Johnston, Fritz Graf. 2013
Fascinating texts written on small gold tablets that were deposited in graves provide a unique source of information about what…
some Greeks and Romans believed regarding the fate that awaited them after death, and how they could influence it. These texts, dating from the late fifth century BCE to the second century CE, have been part of the scholarly debate on ancient afterlife beliefs since the end of the nineteenth century. Recent finds and analysis of the texts have reshaped our understanding of their purpose and of the perceived afterlife. The tablets belonged to those who had been initiated into the mysteries of Dionysus Bacchius and relied heavily upon myths narrated in poems ascribed to the mythical singer Orpheus. After providing the Greek text and a translation of all the available tablets, the authors analyze their role in the mysteries of Dionysus, and present an outline of the myths concerning the origins of humanity and of the sacred texts that the Greeks ascribed to Orpheus. Related ancient texts are also appended in English translations. Providing the first book-length edition and discussion of these enigmatic texts in English, and their first English translation, this book is essential to the study of ancient Greek religion.Par Yann Le Bohec. 1994
The Emperor Augustus believed that the Roman army occupied a crucial lace at the heart of the empire and it…
was he who made it a fully professional force. This book looks at the structure and development of the army between the Republic and the Late Empire, examining why the army has always been accorded such a prominent position in the history of the Roman Empire, and whether that view is justified.The book is divided into three sections. The author first examines the major divisions of army organization - the legions, the auxiliary units, the fleet - and how the men were recruited. Secondly he looks at what the army did - the training, tactics and strategy. Finally he considers the historical role of the army - how it fitted into Roman society, of which it was only part, and what influence it had economically and politically.In exploring these themes, the author gives equal weight to epigraphic, documentary and archaeology evidence. With tables summarizing detailed information, Yann Le Bohec provides a synthesis of current knowledge of the Roman army from the first to the third century AD, putting it in its context as part of the state structure of the Roman Empire.Par T. A. Dorey. 1965
First published in 1965, Cicero contains a number of assessments of Cicero’s life and works, made by a group of…
scholars that includes some of the acknowledged experts in their particular field. Cicero is a man on whom most judgments have been harsh. His political ideals, though sincerely held, were bypassed by the march of events; his public life was a series of frustrations; his personality was egotistical. However, as a speaker and a thinker, as a master of the use of language, and as a man of cultured interests and human disposition he deserves sympathetic study. The chapters in this volume deal with his political career, his character, his oratory, philosophy and poems, and his influence on subsequent literature and scholarship. This book will be of interest to students of literature, history and philosophy.First published in 1960, The Treasure of the Copper Scroll is the companion volume to John Marco Allegro’s People of…
the Dead Sea Scrolls and tells the story of this unusual, buried treasure. Allegro here reveals much hitherto unknown information – the location of many of the cities of the Old Testament, events of the second Jewish Revolt, and the relation between the Essene community at Qumran and the New Testament interest in healing. With facsimiles of the scroll, translations of its texts, and a thorough discussion of its significance, with maps indicating many of the probable present-day hiding places, the book is a truly fascinating report on this unusual document and a first long step toward the unravelling of its secrets.Par A. Andrewes. 1956
First Published in 1956 The Greek Tyrants is concerned primarily with an early period of Greek history, when the aristocracies…
which ruled in the eighth and seventh centuries were losing control of their cities and were very often overthrown by a tyranny, which in its turn gave way to the oligarchies and democracies of the classical period. The tyrants who seized power from time to time in various cities of Greece are analogous to the dictators of our own day and represented for the Greeks a political problem which is still topical: whether it is ever advantageous for a State to concentrate power in the hands of an individual. Those early tyrannies are an important phase of Greek political development: the author discusses here the various military, economic, political, and social factors of the situation which produce them. The book thus forms an introduction to the central period of Greek political history and will be of interest to scholars and researchers of political thought, ancient history, and Greek philosophy.Par Timothy Venning. 2013
Taking a similar approach to his successful If Rome Hadn't Fallen, Timothy Venning explores the various decision points in a…
fascinating period of British history and the alternative paths that it might have taken.Dr. Timothy Venning starts within an outline of the process by which much of Britain came to be settled by Germanic tribes after the end of Roman rule, as far as it can be determined from the sparse and fragmentary sources. He then moves on to discuss a series of scenarios, which might have altered the course of subsequent history dramatically. For example, was a reconquest by the native British ever a possibility (under 'Arthur' or someone else)? Which of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms might have united England sooner and would this have kept the Danes out? And, of course, what if Harold Godwinson had won at Hastings? While necessarily speculative, all the scenarios are discussed within the framework of a deep understanding of the major driving forces, tensions and trends that shaped British history and help to shed light upon them. In so doing they help the reader to understand why things panned out as they did, as well as what might have been.Par Hans Rupprecht Goette. 2001
This exciting new guide is the ideal companion to Greece if you are a traveller with historical and archaeological interests,…
as it combines practical information with impeccable scholarly research.Written by an expert on Greece's landscape and archaeology, the guide is unique in exploring a wide range of sites off the beaten track. It also tours all the best-known monuments and regions, from the Acropolis to Aegina, from Megara to Marathon and from Sounion to Salamis.Beautifully illustrated with over 200 plates, maps, plans and drawings, it includes:* precise descriptions of routes and individual sites* artistic, historical, social and political background* unprecedented coverage outside Athens* detailed exploration of the post-classical, Byzantine and post-Byzantine periods.Take it with you on your travels or read it at home; either way, you will gain a deeper appreciation and enjoyment of Greece's history and archaeology.Par Mike Roberts. 2015
This original book looks in detail at arguably the two most significant characters on either side in the middle years…
of the great Peloponnesian War and the showdown in and around Amphipolis that led to both their deaths in 422 BC.The Spartan commander Brasidas was already a veteran of many campaigns when he headed for the strategically important northern theatre. Cleon was the key hawk in the Athenian assembly who led his fellow citizens in a major effort to counter the impact that Brasidas was having in the north. The two finally clashed in battle outside the Athenian colony of Amphipolis which Brasidas had by then captured (the great historian Thucydides being exiled for his failure to defend it). The Spartans won but both men died in the fighting, their passing having far-reaching consequences for the subsequent course of the war. By focussing on the fatal duel between Brasidas and Cleon, and drawing on all available sources to supplement Thucydides' seminal account, Mike Roberts offers a valuable new perspective on the Peloponnesian War.Par Lawrence A. Tritle. 1997
The contributors in this volume present a systematic survey of the struggles of Athens, Sparta and Thebes to dominate Greece…
in the fourth century - only to be overwhelmed by the newly emerging Macedonian kingdom of Philip II. Additionally, the situation of Greeks in Sicily, Italy and Asia is portrayed, showing the geographical and political diffusion of the Greeks in a broader historical context.This book will provide the reader with a clearly drawn and vivid picture of the main events and leading personalities in this decisive period of Greek history.Par Jason R. Abdale. 2019
The little-known story of a fierce rebellion against the Romans:&“A very good read for anyone interested in ancient military history…
and historiography.&” —The NYMAS Review In the year AD 9, three Roman legions were crushed by the German warlord Arminius in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest. This event is well known, but there was another uprising that Rome faced shortly before, which lasted from AD 6 to 9, and was just as intense. This rebellion occurred in the western Balkans—an area roughly corresponding to modern Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, Montenegro, and parts of Serbia and Albania—and it tested the Roman Empire to its limits. For three years, fifteen legions fought in the narrow valleys and forest-covered crags of the Dinaric Mountains in a ruthless war of attrition against an equally ruthless and determined foe, and yet this conflict is largely unknown today. The Great Illyrian Revolt is believed to be the first book ever devoted to this forgotten war of the Roman Empire. Within its pages, we examine the history and culture of the mysterious Illyrian people, the story of how Rome became involved in this volatile region, and what the Roman army had to face during those harrowing three years in the Balkans.Par H.D.F. Kitto. 2011
Why did Aeschylus characterize differently from Sophocles? Why did Sophocles introduce the third actor? Why did Euripides not make better…
plots? So asks H.D.F Kitto in his acclaimed study of Greek tragedy, available for the first time in Routledge Classics. Kitto argues that in spite of dealing with big moral and intellectual questions, the Greek dramatist is above all an artist and the key to understanding classical Greek drama is to try and understand the tragic conception of each play. In Kitto&’s words &‘We shall ask what the dramatist is striving to say, not what in fact he does say about this or that.&’ Through a brilliant analysis of Aeschylus&’s &‘Oresteia&’, the plays of Sophocles including &‘Antigone&’ and &‘Oedipus Tyrannus&’; and Euripides&’s &‘Medea&’ and &‘Hecuba&’, Kitto skilfully conveys the enduring artistic and literary brilliance of the Greek dramatists.