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Originally published in 1990, this book looks at the history of developmental psychology in order to locate and evaluate the…
role played by biology in its most influential formulations. First Charles Darwin’s own writings on child development are examined. It is shown that Darwin endorsed such ideas as the ‘recapitulation’ of evolutionary ancestry in the developing child, even though this is inconsistent with his natural selection theory. The first great developmentalists – Hall, Baldwin, Freud – adopted and applied these non-Darwinian evolutionist ideas. The next generation – Vygotsky, Piaget, Werner – applied similar ideas in a variety of ways. Alongside this evolutionism, but interconnected with it, sensationist/empiricist forms of epistemology were directing developmentalists (from Rousseau onwards) to see the child as having to work himself out of sense-bound experience – to develop further and further from the ‘here-and-now’. Contemporary developmental theory retains these influences: biological approaches (ethological, psychobiological) remain pre-Darwinian in spirit; lifespan theories remain attached to biology; formal/cognitive approaches remain attached to sensationism. ‘Social context’ approaches are rather half-hearted, and it is only the social-constructionist orientation which seems to offer a real alternative to biology. Major conclusions are stated in chapter ten, which includes a re-evaluation of Darwin’s role.Masochism and the Self
Par Roy F. Baumeister. 1989
This volume provides an integrative theory firmly grounded in current psychology of the self, and offers a fresh, compelling account…
of one of psychology's most enigmatic behavior patterns. Professor Baumeister provides comprehensive coverage of historical and cross-cultural theories and empirical data on masochism and presents recent, original data drawn from a large data set of anonymous masochistic scripts of fantasies and favorite experiences. Drawn from the latest social psychological research and theories, Professor Baumeister returns the emphasis to the original and proto-typical form of masochism -- sexual masochism - - and explains these phenomena as a means of releasing the individual from the burden of self-awareness. It is the first volume to present a psychological theory compatible with the mounting evidence that most masochists are not mentally ill nor does masochism derives from sadism. Instead, Professor Baumeister finds that masochism emerges as an escapist response to the problematic nature of selfhood and he attempts to foster an understanding of sexual masochism that emphasizes both "escape from self" and "construction of meaning" hypotheses. The book is directed at all those interested in the self and identity in paradoxical behavior patterns and in the construction of meaning, presenting specific clinical recommendations.Death Education and Research: Critical Perspectives
Par William G Warren. 1989
A critical review of research and reflection in the area of death, with special emphasis on death education. Thought-provoking, often…
controversial reviews of and reactions to the current general domain of death phenomena--specifically death education--are addressed in this book. The author, skeptical that we can do very much with the phenomenon of death and dying, especially in relation to our efforts at addressing it educationally, explores the philosophical, psychological, socio-cultural, and theoretical aspects and raises critical questions that will challenge proponents of death education. Both advocates and critics of death education in particular, and death research in general, will benefit from this intellectually stimulating volume that sounds a cautionary note, yet offers some positive suggestions for the future of death education. Professionals interested in any aspect of death education will be intrigued by this thorough examination of death education from several perspectives.Group Work With the Emotionally Disabled
Par Baruch Levine. 1990
Here is an exciting and informative volume on the use of social group work in psychiatric settings. As it affirms…
the significance of social group work’s clinical potential, Group Work With the Emotionally Disabled fosters further development in this highly specialized area of human service.Baruch Levine, a prestigious social group worker and clinical theorist, has edited this exceptional volume that emphasizes the coexistence of mental illness and mental health in effective group experiences for treating mental disability. Readers are treated to a comprehensive history of the development of the use of social group work practice with the emotionally disabled in psychiatric settings. Other authoritative chapters focus on the practice aspect and explore the problems and issues in group work with the emotionally disabled, the settings for group treatment of the chronically ill and psychiatrically at-risk, and the development of comprehensive approaches to the treatment and rehabilitation of persons with severe mental illness.Intervention with Children (Routledge Library Editions: Psychology of Education)
Par Rajinder M. Gupta, Peter Coxhead. 1990
Educational psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and other professionals are often asked by parents or teachers to intervene when ‘normal’ classroom…
strategies have failed children in their charge. This title, originally published in 1990, brought together for the first time some of the ‘intervention strategies’ available at the time and offers professionals vital information about the results of each strategy in practice. The contributors, acknowledged experts in their fields, present a critical and objective overview of the range of approaches available and apply them to the areas of poor school attendance, maladaptive behaviour, and poor reading levels. They stress the need to avoid replacing a traditional approach with an intervention strategy whose results are unproven. They also warn that different problems demand different approaches and that the consultant must avoid the dogmatic application of a single approach when the child’s welfare is at risk. The need for consultants to deal sensitively with the professionals they are asked to advise is also emphasized. Teachers may feel, for example, that an educational psychologist is out of touch with the realities of teaching. Above all else, interventions should offer realistic and effective methods of improving children’s lives. Intervention with Children provides in one volume practical, effective, and acceptable strategies for working with children. Educational psychologists, LEA advisers, researchers, and other professionals will still find it a valuable source of ideas and a model of good practice from which to develop their own intervention strategies. Written in a clear and accessible style, it will still be of interest to experienced teachers, social workers, and others involved in the management and care of children.Sexual Images of the Self: the Psychology of Erotic Sensations and Illusions
Par Seymour Fisher. 1989
This volume documents how sexual practices and fictions infiltrate and are influenced by a person's feelings about the self and…
the body. Using paradigms derived from self and body image theory, Fisher combines research from the past several decades dealing with sexual behavior to test major theories concerning diverse sexual phenomena. The book integrates, within a broad conceptual scheme, research findings concerning major aspects of sexual behavior such as the development of sexual competence, orgasm consistence, clitoral versus vaginal preference, and homosexuality.The Experience and Meaning of Work in Women's Lives
Par Hildreth Y. Grossman, Nia Lane Chester. 1989
In the past, social scientists have relied predominantly on traditional models of work to understand women's experiences. These models, however,…
have been based on men's occupational experiences, which have been assumed to be the same for women. More recently, researchers and theorists from a variety of disciplines have begun to challenge earlier assumptions as inaccurate reflections of the realities for female workers. Newer studies have concentrated on the historical and social reasons for women's employment and career choices, including changes in economy, family, and social conditions. To provide a deeper understanding of women worker's realities by including the meaning they make of their work experiences, the editors have assembled the research of social scientists from various disciplines whose investigations focused exclusively on this subject. Their qualitative methodology provides a forum for women to voice issues, raise questions, and share self-reflections about their work experiences and the meaning they make of their work in the context of the rest of their lives. The common themes that are interwoven within the fabric of women's work experience are: the need to expand traditional definitions of what constitutes "work;" the fluid nature of boundaries between personal life and work life; the importance of the relational aspects of their work; the issues related to the uses of power at work; the role of work in the development of women's sense of self and personal identity; and the degree to which women's work experience is colored by discrimination and sexism.Child and Adolescent Disorders: Developmental and Health Psychology Perspectives
Par Sam B. Morgan, Theresa M. Okwumabua. 1990
This book offers empirically based approaches to assessment, treatment, and prevention of certain childhood disorders encountered by psychologists and other…
practitioners in child clinical and pediatric psychology settings. In so doing, it views disorders from a developmental and health psychology perspective that emphasizes prevention of problems as well as positive coping strategies. Traditional topics such as autism and childhood depression are addressed, as are topics that have only recently emerged in the psychological literature. These include childhood diabetes, headaches, psychological aspects of teenage pregnancy, and early development of substance abuse.Dictionary of Mental Handicap
Par Mary P. Lindsey. 1989
Between Psychology and Psychotherapy: A Poetics of Experience (Psychology Revivals)
Par Miller Mair. 1989
In this highly original and thought-provoking work the late Miller Mair puts forward his ideas for a new psychology. First…
published in 1989, he deals with issues of fundamental importance to the future of a psychology guided by genuine enquiry and concern rather than mere professional self-interest. Crossing and re-crossing boundaries between psychology, psychotherapy and philosophy, and between ‘science’ and ‘art’, he demonstrates the linkages between the personal and the impersonal, subject and object, inside and outside, with a daring not previously risked by anyone working in the area. Dr Mair stresses the importance of a poetic approach in psychology and psychotherapy, and the need to explore and understand the nature of psychology through an imaginative freedom of language. He emphasizes that a poetic awareness and attentiveness is fundamental to any pursuit of understanding of ourselves or others. This is a very personal book, concerned with personal knowledge, but it is meant for anyone who seeks to understand themselves and others, and what is involved in coming to such understanding. Focusing on ordinary human experience, and moving towards literary and artistic modes of expression, the author invites you to enter in, follow what you think and feel, as he proposes a radical revision of much that is accepted in psychology and in psychotherapy.Preoperative Events switches the focus from post-operative rehabilitation to preoperative experiences and personal histories to lessen the consequences of brain…
damage. These papers document the relationship between preoperative experience and postoperative performance and discuss a variety of protective preoperative experiences that can ameliorate the deleterious effects of brain damage.Crisis Intervention Verbatim
Par Nira Kfir. 1989
Teachers in Control: Cracking the Code (Psychology Revivals)
Par Martin Powell, Jonathan Solity. 1990
In an increasingly centralized education system, how can teachers recover the freedom to make their own decisions? Originally published in…
1990, the teaching profession had seldom been under greater pressure. Teachers in Control aimed to help teachers to understand the forces that shaped their personal and professional development and their relationships with children at the time. It identifies the pressures that teachers faced, from both the school and the educational system as a whole, and then examines the internal, psychological influences that lead people into teaching and direct their future careers. The authors argue that an understanding of these influences can give teachers more control of decisions that affect their practice in the classroom and will still be very relevant today.Selected Papers: Psychoanalysis and Group Analysis
Par S. H. Foulkes. 1990
The collection of the author's papers, which includes some unpublished material and some published in English for the first time, comprises not…
only the later Group-Analytic writings but also those from the first part of his career as a psychoanalyst. Among the latter, the paper "On Introjections" is of particular interest and importance.The Legacy of Solomon Asch: Essays in Cognition and Social Psychology
Par Irvin Rock. 1990
This volume honors Solomon Asch, a pioneer in social psychology whose experiments in this field are considered classic. Asch has…
made important contributions to the fields of memory, learning and thinking, and perception along with extending Gestalt theories to social psychology research. Former students and colleagues honor Asch with essays that either expand on his research or describe original research on new topics of related interest. An interesting and informative text for faculty and researchers in the fields of cognition and perception as well as social, experimental, and personality psychology.Betrayal and Betrayers: The Sociology of Treachery
Par Malin Akerstrom. 1990
Betrayal has a deep fascination. It captures our imagination in part because we have all betrayed or been betrayed, in…
small or large ways. Despite this there has been little serious work on the subject. It was this absence that inspired this book.As Akerstrom notes, betrayal is something that most people have encountered at some point in their lives. She defines betrayal as a breach of trust, when information is shared beyond an agreed upon boundary of relations, whether that boundary is a pair of friends or a nation. Taking as a point of departure Simmers work on secrets and secrecy, Akerstrom discusses categories of.betrayal, and conditions that influence its intensity. Sometimes the betrayer is seen as a hero and at other times a traitor; and sometimes there are competing loyalties. In certain situations, she reminds us, it is difficult to avoid betrayal or the perception of betrayal. Akerstrom discusses strategies people employ to avoid betraying, ranging from not telling, to making sure one does not know about something in the first place. With deft precision, she clarifies distinctions and in the process broadens our understanding.Initially inspired by insights arising from her research on the criminal informer, for which she had done in-depth interviews, Akerstrom supplements these with interviews with policemen. She has also drawn from her experiences in the field of social work, particularly with women's and crime shelters. Using biographies, autobiographies and a broad range of literature related to spies, World War II, the McCarthy era, and recent literature on whistle-blowing, Akerstrom has defined a fascinating theme. While her illustrations are sometimes dramatic, she hopes that readers will perceive obvious parallels with their own experiences. Social psychologists, sociologists, criminologists, and others interested in secrecy, secrets, and those who betray them to others will find this an unusual and absorbing volume.Reflections on the Principles of Psychology: William James After A Century
Par Michael G. Johnson, Tracy B. Henley. 1990
This important volume looks back to 1890 and -- 100 years later -- asks some of the same questions William…
James was asking in his Principles of Psychology. In so doing, it reviews our progress toward their solutions. Among the contemporary concerns of 1990 that the editors consider are: the nature of the self and the will, conscious experience, associationism, the basic acts of cognition, and the nature of perception. Their findings: Although the developments in each of these areas during the last 100 years have been monumental, James' views as presented in the Principles still remain viable and provocative. To provide a context for understanding James, some chapters are devoted primarily to recent scholarship about James himself -- focusing on the time the Principles was written, relevant intellectual influences, and considerations of his understanding of this "new" science of psychology. The balance of this volume is devoted to specific topics of particular interest to James. One critical theme woven into almost every chapter is the tension between the role of experience (or phenomenological data) within a scientific psychology, and the viability of a materialistic (or biologically reductive) account of mental life. Written for professionals, practitioners, and students of psychology -- in all disciplines.Family Myths: Psychotherapy Implications
Par Dennis Bagarozzi, Stephen A Anderson. 1989
Therapists can broaden their point of view and expand their options for treating individuals, couples, and families by understanding family…
myths. Here is a thorough and unique compilation of current studies on the development, evolution, and clinical implications of family myths. An outstanding group of international experts offers a variety of formulations regarding both personal and family myths in an attempt to bridge the chasms between individual, couple, and family systems dynamics. They focus on the conscious and unconscious elements of families’shared perceptual experiences and their relationship to behavioral, interactional patterns of individuals, couples, and family systems. The detailed descriptions of various clinical approaches to re-editing clients’personal, conjugal, and family myths will be enormously helpful to clinicians, theorists, trainers, and educators.Student Recruitment in Psychosocial Occupational Therapy: Intergenerational Approaches
Par Diane Gibson, Susan Haiman. 1990
This volume addresses the problems the OT profession faces recruiting students into mental health as a practice specialty. The content…
reflects several efforts at engaging students in the exploration of the variety of available career paths in this area. Educators, supervisors, clinicians, and students facing career choices will be able to take a unique perspective on specialty selection after reviewing the thoughts, perspectives, theories, and philosophies of some of occupational therapy’s foremost leaders in mental health. In addition, readers will get an “up close” opportunity to review one institution’s efforts to educate and recruit level II fieldwork students through an all-day program designed to expose them to the widest possible range of practice opportunities.The author's book deals with a most neglected aspect of psychoanalysis - normality. Its chief concern is with the ordinary problems…
of upbringing which face all parents and the usual phenomena encountered by every clinician. Yet, though primarily practical and clinical in its approach, it also makes a major theoretical contribution to psychology. The author begins with an account of the development of analytic child psychology, its techniques and its sources in child and adult analysis and direct observation of the child. The author then describes the course of normal development, how it can be hindered or eased, what are the unavoidable stresses and strains and how variations of normality occur. The author outlines a scheme for assessing normality and for gauging and classifying pathological phenomena in terms of the obstruction of normal progress rather than the severity of symptoms. Stress is laid on the problem of predicting the outcome of infantile factors for adult pathology in the face of the child's continual development. Finally, child analysis is considered both as a therapeutic method and as a means for the advance of knowledge.